DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/geoplanning.13.1.101-110

Appraising Land Use Dynamics and Dam Feasibility in Ratargul Swamp Forest, Bangladesh via Sentinel-2 Data

Imran Ahmed orcid  -  Department of Forestry and Environmental Science, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet-3114, Bangladesh, Bangladesh
*Kazi Mohammad Masum orcid scopus publons  -  Department of Forestry and Environmental Science, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet-3114, Bangladesh, Bangladesh

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Abstract

Ratargul Swamp Forest (RSF), the only freshwater swamp ecosystem in Bangladesh, is well-known for its rich biodiversity and unique wetland features that attract significant tourist traffic. However, dry season water scarcity restricts tourism, reducing local income and driving communities to illegally harvest resources, which accelerates forest degradation. This study aims to analyze land use and land cover (LULC) changes in the RSF from 2016 to 2024 and evaluate the feasibility of placing a dam to regulate dry-season water flow. Sentinel-2A satellite imagery was utilized to assess long-term LULC dynamics. Additionally, a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) was applied to identify optimal dam locations along the Chengir Khal to control water flow during the dry season. LULC analysis revealed that forest vegetation decreased at an annual rate of 1.23% while bare land expanded by 1.04% annually.  Thus, highlight an urgent need for emergency conservation efforts in this special biodiversity area. The current dry season watershed area spans 80 hectares. DEM identified potential dam location to control water flow during the dry season. Establishing a dam at Chengir Khal is projected to increase the dry season water area to 121 hectares, without subverting or damaging existing forest plant habitats. Constructing a dam at Chengir Khal offers a sustainable solution to mitigate dry season water scarcity. By maintaining water levels, the dam will enhance the travel activity, secure local livelihoods, eliminate resource-dependence degradation, and promote long-term forest conservation.

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Keywords: Freshwater Swamp Forest; Forest Cover Change; Forest Sustainability; Digital Elevation Model; Sentinel 2A.

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Section: Original Research
Language : EN
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