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Sustainable Livelihood Approach (SLA) using Spatial Model: A Case from Labuan Bajo, Indonesia

*Ardiyanto Maksimilianus Gai orcid scopus  -  Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Institut Teknologi Nasional Malang, Jl. Bendungan Sigura-gura 02, Malang, Indonesia
Ernan Rustiadi  -  Division of Regional Development Planning, Department of Soil and Land Resource, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Indonesia, Indonesia
Baba Barus  -  Division of Remote Sensing and Spatial Information, Department of Soil and Land Resource, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Indonesia, Indonesia
Akhmad Fauzi  -  Department of Resource and Environmental Economics and Management, IPB University, Indonesia, Indonesia

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Abstract

Despite its economic potential, Indonesia’s rapidly developing tourism hub faces socio-economic disparities. While tourism contributes significantly to local incomes, many communities still struggle with poverty, unequal access to resources, and environmental degradation. Labuan Bajo, located in West Manggarai Regency, depends heavily on tourism, fishing, and small-scale agriculture, yet faces challenges such as seasonal water scarcity, limited infrastructure, and land-use conflicts that threaten sustainable development. While some areas benefit from tourism-driven economic growth, others remain marginalized due to inadequate access to capital assets. The Sustainable Livelihood Approach (SLA) provides a framework for understanding how local assets—human, social, natural, financial, and physical—shape livelihood outcomes. However, livelihoods are spatially heterogeneous and require localized analysis to inform targeted interventions. By integrating Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR), this study aims to identify spatial disparities in livelihood sustainability and the key drivers of economic resilience in different areas of Labuan Bajo. The results provide spatially explicit evidence on livelihood assets and poverty clusters, supporting local governments and communities in designing targeted interventions for employment access, infrastructure provision, financial inclusion, and essential services.

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Sustainable Livelihood Approach (SLA) using Spatial Model: A case from Labuan Bajo, Indonesia
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Keywords: Sustainable Livelihood Approach, Poverty, GIS, Labuan Bako

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