Berbagai Konsentrasi Ekstrak Daun Serai Wangi dan Daun Mimba Terhadap Kematian Larva Aedes aegypti

Abstract

Several concentration of serai wangi leaf extract (Cymbopongan nardus L) and mimba (Azadiracta indica a juss L) and the death of Aedes aegypti larvae
Background: Infection diseases spread through Aedes aegypti is still high in Indonesia. Herbal larvacide was essentially developed to kill Aedes aegypti larva. Serai wangit leaf extract contains aldehid, geroniol and citronelol. Mimba leaf extract contains azadirachitin. The aim of the study is to analyze the influenced several concentration of extract to kill the larvae.
Method: A randomized post test only control group design was done, on 900 tails, 25 per tube of Aedes aegypti B2P2VRP Salatiga isolated, which was taken by random sampling. Extract of serai wangi and mimba leaf with any concentration, were taken from Balai Penelitian Tanaman Obat (BPTO) Tawangmangu.
Result: One hundred percent larvae died in serai wangi extract at 60% level concentration with LC50 in 25.82% concentration and LC90 in 39.52% while for mimba extract 100% larvae died in 80% concentration with LC50 in 37.20% concentration and LC90 in 55.27%. There was significant difference in the death of Aedes aegypti larvae in various concentrations.
Conclusion: Serai fragrant extract has better killing effect than mimba extract.

ABSTRAK
Latar belakang: Penyakit yang ditularkan lewat Aedes aegypti masih cukup tinggi di Indonesia. Larvasida alami sangat penting dikembangkan untuk membunuh larva Aedes aegypti. Ekstrak daun serai wangi mengandung aldehid, geroniol dan sitronelol. Ekstrak daun mimba mengandung azadirachitin. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh berbagai konsentrasi ekstrak serai wangi (Cymbopongan nardus L) dan mimba (Azadiracta indica A juss L) terhadap kematian larva Aedes aegypti.
Metode: Desain penelitian adalah randomized post test only control group menggunakan 900 ekor larva isolat laboratorium B2P2VRP Salatiga, dibagi tiap tabung 25 ekor, dengan acak sederhana, dengan kontrol dan 3 kali ulangan. Ekstrak daun serai wangi dan daun mimba dari Balai Penelitian Tanaman Obat Tawangmangu.
Hasil: Kematian larva 100% terjadi pada konsentrasi ekstrak serai wangi 60%, LC50 pada konsentrasi 25,82% dan LC90 pada konsentrasi 39,52%. Kematian larva 100% terjadi pada konsentrasi ekstrak daun mimba 80%, LC50 pada konsentrasi 37,20% dan LC90 pada konsentrasi 55,27%.
Simpulan: Ekstrak daun serai wangi lebih baik daya bunuhnya daripada ekstrak daun mimba.