Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan
Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan (P-ISSN : 1907-817X and E-ISSN : 2550-0023) is an official periodical journal published by the Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro since 2006. This journal publishes both review and scientific research articles relating to the field of Environmental Sciences and Engineering. This journal has been accredited by National Journal Accreditation (ARJUNA) Managed by Ministry of Research and Technology/National Research and Innovation Agency with Second Grade (SINTA 2). Short Abbreviation Title: J. Presipitasi, alternative title: Presipitasi Journal : Communication and Development Media of Environmental Engineering. If you are willing to be part of us as reviewer / editor, please check this link Publication schedule: March, July, November | more info Language: English Article Processing Charges: please see this following link | more info Indexing: DOAJ, SINTA, Google Scholar, etc. | more info Ready for submitting a manuscript? Please follow [Author Guidelines] Contact: presipitasi@live.undip.ac.id For hardcopy order: more info
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Life Cycle Analysis of Coal and RDF Utilization as Energy Sources for Industry: A Comparative Study of Environmental Impacts
This study utilized an LCA approach to comparatively analyze the environmental impact of using coal and RDF as industrial energy sources. Coal, which constitutes the foundation of Indonesia's economy and its primary energy source, has resulted in substantial emissions. In response to this challenge, RDF has emerged as a promising alternative fuel made from municipal waste with a calorific value equivalent to coal. The findings of this research consistently demonstrate that RDF exhibits a considerably diminished environmental impact profile in comparison to coal, across a wide range of evaluated impact categories. For instance, RDF contributes a mere 2% to terrestrial and freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity, whereas coal contributes 98%. RDF exhibits a minimal contribution to acidification potential, eutrophication, ozone depletion, and human toxicity. The novelty of this research lies in its in-depth comparative analysis of the environmental impacts of coal and RDF using LCA with gate-to-gate boundaries, as well as the identification of key impact points (hotspots) in each energy production process. These findings serve to reinforce the argument that RDF is a more sustainable and environmentally friendly energy option for Indonesia's industrial sector.
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Effect of Non-Thermal Plasma on Biochar Properties from Sugarcane Bagasse and Banana Peel
Biochar produced from agricultural waste, such as sugarcane bagasse and banana peel, has gained significant attention owing to its potential environmental and industrial applications. This study aimed to enhance the physicochemical properties of biochar derived from these wastes using nonthermal plasma treatment. Biochar was produced via pyrolysis combined with non-thermal plasma treatment and then characterized to identify the differences. Characterization was performed using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and–Brunauer–Emmett Teller (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) surface area analysis to evaluate changes in crystallinity, morphology, functional groups, and surface area. Nonthermal plasma treatment significantly altered the surface morphology of biochar, increasing its porosity and surface area. The BET surface area of sugarcane bagasse waste was 0.061 m²/g, which expanded to 87.50 m²/g after changing to biochar, whereas banana peel waste had a BET surface area of 0.007 m²/g, which increased to 427.2 m²/g after changed to biochar. The pyrolysis process on both biochars also reduced OH (hydroxyl) transmittance, as evidenced by FTIR analysis, which indicated water evaporation. Non-thermal plasma treatment substantially improved the physical and chemical properties of biochar compared to untreated biomass.
Innovative Pyrolysis Reactor for Liquid Smoke, Activated Carbon, and Limestone Production
This study presents the development and application of an innovative 3-in-1 nanotechnology pyrolysis reactor designed to simultaneously produce liquid smoke, activated carbon, and limestone from locally sourced raw materials in Jambi Province, Indonesia. The multifunctional reactor combines three production processes, which are traditionally performed separately, into a single, efficient unit, addressing both economic and environmental challenges. Coal serves as the primary heat source and material for activated carbon, whereas shell waste is calcined to produce limestone. The reactor operates at temperatures exceeding 550°C to ensure optimal conversion, with a glass wool insulator replacing clay to enhance thermal efficiency. The liquid smoke undergoes further distillation to achieve purification, while residual activated carbon is chemically activated with H₃PO₄ to enhance its adsorption capacity. The experimental results demonstrate that this reactor can produce high-quality products with minimal resource wastage. This 3-in-1 pyrolysis reactor represents a sustainable, cost-effective solution for resource-limited settings, with broad potential for application in waste-to-product conversion, environmental remediation, and rural development.
The Potential of Spent Bleaching Earth In Charcoal Briquettes as Energy Source
Eco-friendly alternative fuels encourage the use of waste biomass as a material for making briquettes. This study aimed to develop briquettes from rice husk biomass and peat moss and add spent leaching earth (SBE). SBE is a hazardous and toxic waste increasingly piling up in landfills. The research method involved carbonizing rice husks and peat moss, mixing them with SBE, molding with a 200 kg/cm2 Hydraulic Press, and drying. The resulting briquettes had an average water content of 5.86% and an ash content of 2.18%, which meet the SNI No. 01/6235/2000 standard. Morphological analysis revealed that the briquettes were round but exhibited non-homogeneous aggregation. The highest calorific value was found in C4 briquettes of 5030.17 cal/gr. The composition of C4 was 40% rice husk charcoal (4.8 g), 45% peat (5.4 g), and 15% SBE (1.8 g), with SBE dried for seven days. The addition of peat increased the calorific value of the briquettes. Based on scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/ energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, the carbon content in the C4 briquettes reached 72.2%. This study shows that the combination of rice husk charcoal, SBE, and peat provides a renewable energy source and contributes to the reduction of environmental waste, thereby promoting sustainability.
The Effect of adding Coconut Shells and Corn Husk to Biobriquettes from Fish Bone Waste
Biomass generates a large amount of waste. One of these is fish bones, corn husks, and coconut shells. Fish bone waste has the potential to be used as biobriquettes because it contains 10.16% carbon. To maximize the potential of fish bone waste, it should be mixed with corn husks and coconut shells. In addition, more calories can be added to the biobriquettes. In the manufacture of biobriquettes, pyrolysis temperature also affects the quality of the resulting biobriquettes. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of biobriquettes with a mixture of fish bones, corn husks, and coconut shells at 5000C and 3500C. The compositions of the biobriquette materials used in this study were 100% fish bone waste, fish bone:coconut shell waste (50:50), and fish bone waste:corn husk (50:50). The results of the study showed that biobriquettes with a mixture of fish bones and coconut shell 50:50 at a pyrolysis temperature of 350 °C had the best quality according to SNI 01-6235-2000 concerning wood charcoal briquettes. The water content and calorific value were 1.93% and 5,913.6 cal/g, respectively. The addition of coconut shells and corn husks affected the characteristics of biobriquettes made from fish bone waste.
Wastewater Removal Pollutants Using Polyethylene terephthalate Media : Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor
The increasing wastewater necessitates innovative wastewater treatment methods, such as anaerobic MBBR with PET as media, which enhance microbial degradation and biofilm formation. The aim was to analyze the rate of degradation kinetics in anaerobic MBBR reactors for biological wastewater treatment. This research examined three factors: the BOD, COD, and TSS. Domestic wastewater was used in this study. The reactor measured 40 × 40 × 50 cm and had a thickness of 4 mm. The construction was performed using glass material. The operation was performed for 30 days. Microorganisms grew and reproduced on the surface of the plastic bottle cap media during the anaerobic bioreactor seeding process by adding as many local microorganisms as 1.6/70 liters of wastewater. The study revealed that domestic wastewater used for wastewater treatment has BOD, COD, TSS, Ammonia, and Fat contents that exceed the set threshold value. The BOD/COD ratio was 0.55. After acclimatization, the biofilm was fully developed, effectively removing organic contaminants and producing fungal polysaccharides. In conclusion, the study of substrate concentration and degradation kinetics is crucial for system design and operation, emphasizing the need for substrate optimization to enhance microbial activity.
CuO-CeO₂ Photocatalysis for the Degradation of Remazol Textile Dyes
Water pollution, particularly from textile industry waste, has become an increasingly significant environmental issue. Textile waste, especially synthetic dyes, contributes substantially to water pollution because of its complex structure and low biodegradability. Dyes such as Remazol Brilliant Red and Remazol Turquoise Blue, which are commonly used in the textile industry, are stable, toxic, and difficult to degrade biologically. One promising approach to address this issue is photocatalysis using photocatalysts such as CuO and CeO₂, which possess high degradation capabilities for organic contaminants. This study explored the effectiveness of CuO-CeO₂-based photocatalysts in degrading Remazol Turquoise Blue and Remazol Brilliant Red dyes. Photocatalysts were synthesized with varying CuO-CeO₂ concentrations, and degradation tests were conducted using UV light to observe dye degradation. The results show that the CuO-CeO₂ photocatalysts at a concentration of 25% achieved the highest degradation efficiency, with nearly 41.5% removal of Remazol Turquoise Blue and 26.1% removal of Remazol Brilliant Red after 120 min. Increasing the photocatalyst concentration increases the number of active sites, accelerating the degradation process. However, there is a limitation at very high concentrations because of the potential for catalyst particle agglomeration.
Phytoremediation as a Sustainable Solution for Mercury Contamination in Artisanal Gold Mining Sites: Insights from ASGM in South Lampung, Indonesia
Artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) contributes significantly to mercury contamination, posing severe environmental and health risks due to the improper disposal and release of mercury into soil and water. This study investigated the potential of phytoremediation as a sustainable solution for mitigating mercury contamination at an ASGM site in XYZ Village, Katibung Subdistrict, South Lampung Regency, Indonesia. Water and soil samples were collected from the field, and the study was conducted on a laboratory scale. Initial assessments revealed mercury concentrations of 0.367 mg/L in water and 74.8215 mg/kg in soil, both exceeding national regulatory limits. Phytoremediation trials were conducted using Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth), Pistia stratiotes L. (water lettuce), and Cyperus rotundus (nutgrass) under controlled conditions. Water hyacinth demonstrated 100% mercury removal efficiency in water within nine days, whereas nutsedge reduced mercury levels in soil by 61.8% over 21 days. The combined treatment of water hyacinth and water lettuce further enhanced mercury removal in the water samples. The results highlight phytoremediation as an effective, low-cost, and eco-friendly strategy for the rehabilitation of mercury-contaminated environments. This can be implemented in other places with similar conditions. Future research should focus on optimizing phytoremediation techniques and integrating them into community-based environmental management.
Analysis of Irrigation Water Balance in Garum and Jatisari Irrigation Area, Ngajum, Malang Regency
The irrigation water requirement must be balanced with the available water to support plant growth and increase agricultural production. Therefore, information regarding the amount of water needed and its availability is essential for irrigation activities. This research analyzed the water flow availability at the Garum DAM intake using the Weibull method, irrigation water requirement in the Garum and Jatisari irrigation areas using Cropwat 8.0 software (Penman-Monteith Method), and water balance between water availability and the irrigation water requirement of the Garum and Jatisari irrigation areas using a comparative method. The data used included intake flow, climate, rainfall, soil, and plant data. The results of this study show that the water flow available at the Garum DAM intake tends to be high in the rainy season and will tend to be lower in the dry season. Furthermore, the water requirement in the Garum and Jatisari irrigation areas tends to be high during the dry season and decreases during the rainy season. The water balance shows that the water available at the Garum DAM intake cannot fulfill the irrigation water requirement of the Garum and Jatisari irrigation areas. This is because of the lack of a water deficit in certain months.
The Relationship Between Food Waste Management and Fly Density Level at Padang Restaurants in Tembalang District, Semarang City
Padang restaurants have become one of the favorite places for residents of Tembalang District because of the distinctive taste of the food they serve. However, many Padang restaurants have not managed their waste properly. This study aimed to determine the relationship between waste management and fly density levels at Padang restaurants in the Tembalang District. This was an analytical study with a cross-sectional design. The study was conducted from October to December 2023. The research sample consisted of 45 Padang restaurants selected using total sampling technique. The results show that most food waste comes from customer plate waste (60%) with rice being the most wasted food type (37.8%). The majority of restaurants have a relatively poor waste sorting category (68.9%) but mostly the waste containers meets the requirements (75.6%). Fly density levels in Padang restaurants mostly are still categorized as high (53.5%). Waste containers is associated with fly density levels (p=0.030), while waste sorting is not associated with fly density levels (p=0.057). It could be concluded that waste containers without lids with insufficient capacity are associated with fly density levels at Padang restaurants in Tembalang District.
Environmental Factors Associated with Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Martapura’s Primary Health Center
Pulmonary TB continues to be a health problem as it is the leading cause of death and ranks 10th in the world. The number of TB cases in South Kalimantan Province reached 5,636. Based on district/city, the highest number of TB cases was in Banjarmasin City with 868 cases, followed by Banjar Regency with 817 cases and Banjarbaru City with 483 cases, while the lowest number was in Balangan Regency with 187 cases. The purpose of this study was to analyse the relationship between ventilation, floor type and lighting with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the working area of Martapura 1 primary health center, Banjar Regency. This study was an observational analytical study with a case-control design approach. The study population consisted of 90 respondents, 30 people as cases and 60 people as controls. There was an association between ventilation (p-value = 0.03, OR 95% CI 4.5) and the incidence of pulmonary TB. Floor type (p-value = 0.211) and lighting (p-value = 0.577) were not associated with the incidence of pulmonary TB in Martapura 1 Health Centre.
Analysis of Cikakembang River Water Quality Using the Pollution Index, STORET, and CCME-WQI Methods
River pollution is a significant environmental issue driven by urban growth and industrialization. The Cikakembang River, a tributary of the Citarum River in the Majalaya industrial area, receives wastewater from densely populated residential areas and textile manufacturing industries. Accurate assessment and monitoring of surface water quality are crucial to ensure its safe utilization. This study investigates the the Cikakembang River's water quality using the Pollution Index, STORET, and CCME-WQI methods, evaluating 14 water quality parameters across nine sampling locations during both wet and dry seasons to capture seasonal differences. The results reveal that the river fails to meet Class II water quality standards as outlined in Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021. While the Pollution Index classified contamination as mild to moderate, both STORET and CCME-WQI consistently indicated severe pollution across all sites and seasons. These findings suggest that STORET and CCME-WQI provide a more comprehensive assessment of pollution severity than the PI method, which may underestimate cumulative water quality degradation. This study highlights the urgent need for enhanced pollution control measures and stricter regulatory enforcement to mitigate further degradation of the Cikakembang River and improve its long-term sustainability.
Evaluating Household Solid Waste Sampling: Is an Eight-Day Consecutive Method Necessary? A Preliminary Study
Household solid waste sampling is a critical part of solid waste management planning, as the results determine the design of the required infrastructure. However, the method suggested by the Indonesian national standard requires time and high costs, as it must be carried out for eight consecutive days. Hence, it is necessary to evaluate this requirement and design a more efficient sampling design without compromising the results. The study conducted solid waste sampling for 16 consecutive days from 31 middle-income households in Jakarta, the Capital City of Indonesia, resulting in a pool of 16 consecutive daily averages of solid waste generation per capita data. From this pool, we generated: (1) solid waste generation per capita from eight consecutive days, (2) six consecutive days, (3) four consecutive days, and (4) eight non-consecutive days data. The results showed that the average of solid waste generation per capita for datasets (1), (2), (3), and (4) are 0.505 (± 0.022) kg/day/cap, 0.495 (± 0.044) kg/day/cap, 0.501 (± 0.035) kg/day/cap, and 0.492 (± 0.02) kg/day/cap consecutively, indicating the same estimates of solid waste generation per capita can be achieved by four scenarios.
Characteristics of Domestic Wastewater from Shopping Centres, Office Buildings, and Hospitals in Jakarta, Indonesia
Understanding the characteristics of domestic wastewater is crucial for designing effective wastewater treatment facilities that comply with regulatory standards. This study examined key parameters, including pH, BOD, COD, TSS, oil and grease, ammonia nitrogen, and total coliform, outlined by Indonesia’s Ministry of Environment and Forestry (MoEF) under their regulation. Samples were collected monthly over a 12-month period from three types of facilities: shopping centers, office buildings, and hospitals. The results indicated significant variability among the sites. The shopping center recorded the highest concentrations of BOD and TSS, with values of 231 mg/L and 366 mg/L, respectively, while the hospital showed elevated COD levels, reaching 725 mg/L. Its processing requires a wastewater treatment plant that aims to reduce various parameters that exceed the threshold based on the Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia Number P.68 /Menlhk/Setjen/Kum I/8/2016 on Domestic Waste Quality Standards. These findings underscore the need for tailored wastewater treatment approaches based on facility type to mitigate environmental impacts and maintain water quality standards.
Life Cycle Assessment of the Campus Wastewater Treatment Using the Lab-scale of Anaerobic Baffled Reactor
In Indonesia, the waste sector is responsible for 10.59% (130,188.21 GgCO2e) of global warming emissions, one of which is from campus domestic wastewater due to the lack of wastewater treatment plants. Only 0.2% of the 6,472 campuses have treatment systems, such as Universitas Negeri Malang (UM) use a fabricated anaerobic baffled reactor (FABR) for wastewater treatment plants for its green campus initiatives, yet available only for several buildings and do not treat all wastewater generated from the campus activity. However, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of ABR system has not been widely studied, especially when it uses in treating of the campus wastewater. This study aims to conduct the LCA of the laboratory -scale ABR system in the campus wastewater treatment with gate-to-gate scope using Simapro 9.1.11 and the CML-IA Baseline. Three scenarios were tested: untreated wastewater, ABR equipped with peristaltic pumps, ABR without pumps. The results indicated that ABR treatment had a significantly lower environmental impact than untreated wastewater, with the greatest reduction in global warming potential (1.51E-08 to 4.98E-11), followed by eutrophication and photochemical oxidation. This study is limited to the ABR system, future research could expand to include the full lifecycle, from material collection to final results.
Hydrological and Hydraulic Analysis of Drainage System of Salamanmloyo Sub-district, Semarang, Indonesia
Salamanmloyo, one of the sub-districts in West Semarang District, Semarang City, is a densely populated area with nearly all of its land built-up. Due to its location in the lower region of Semarang, it is vulnerable to flooding. Salamanmloyo has experienced floods and inundation due to insufficient pervious areas and inefficient drainage channels. This occurs when there is an imbalance between the drainage channel capacity and the discharge that needs to be handled, as well as when waste, sediment, and vegetation are present in the channel. As for the existing conditions in the Salamanmloyo Sub-district, no previous study regarding flooding and inundation has been conducted in this area. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research and planning to determine the existing conditions of drainage channels, hydraulic and hydrological analysis results, and suitable SUDS types to decrease the flooding volume level. Hydraulic and hydrological analyses will be performed as a part of this planning, after which EPA SWMM 5.1 modelling will be performed under four different conditions: current, maximum SUDS application, channel normalization, and channel re-design conditions. The outcomes of the SUDS planning were applied in the form of 497 units of infiltration wells and 16,345.6 m2 of permeable pavement. SUDS implementation, drainage channel normalization, and redesign helped minimize the total flooding volume by 66.3%, from 231,456 m3 to 78,008 m3.
Atmospheric Microplastic Particulate Matter in an Urban Roadside: Case of Bandar Lampung City, Indonesia
Atmospheric microplastics (AMPs) have become a growing concern in recent years, although research remains limited. This study investigated AMPs in Bandar Lampung City, Indonesia, by roadside particulate sampling using a High-Volume Air Sampler (HVAS) over eight hours in industrial zones, residential areas, busy roads, and city centers. AMPs were identified through visual analysis for their abundance and physical characteristics. Certain samples were further examined with Raman spectroscopy. Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) levels ranged from 16.96 to 427.8 μg/m³, with the highest concentrations in industrial areas. Microplastic concentrations ranged from 0.0021 to 0.0199 particles/m³, with fibrous microplastics most common. Blue and grey (faded black) microplastics were the most prevalent, with particles between 500-1000 µm making up 42% of the total. Raman analysis detected Polyethylene terephthalate (PET). In S4 (city center), the highest vehicle count was 3,388±270 vehicles/day, while S2 (residential area) recorded the lowest at 1,166±99 vehicles/day. No significant relationship was found between TSP levels, microplastic concentrations, or vehicle numbers. However, Northern area may be potential sources of AMPs along traffic flow.
Effectiveness of Hybrid Solar Power Plant Integration in Wastewater Treatment: A Sustainable Approach to Water Crisis
This study evaluated the effectiveness of a solar-powered Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) integrated with a water filtration system in improving water quality. This study employed an experimental approach, comparing influent and effluent water quality to determine treatment efficiency. The results showed significant improvements in water parameters, with pollutant removal efficiencies of 31.54% for Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and 15.22% for pH reduction. The Dissolved Oxygen (DO) increased by 29.41% due to enhanced aeration. However, Electrical Conductivity (EC) increased by 46.07%, indicating the presence of dissolved ions post-treatment. The anaerobic-aerobic process effectively degrades organic pollutants, supported by bacterial activity, while the filtration system enhances water clarity and odor reduction. Despite these positive outcomes, the study has limitations, particularly the lack of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) measurements, which restricts a comprehensive assessment of organic pollution removal. Future research should incorporate these parameters to provide a more holistic evaluation of wastewater treatment performance.
Noise Evaluation of the Finalization Phase Construction Project of X Hospital
This research aimed to identify and assess the noise levels at a construction project within X Hospital's B2nd, 5th, 8th, and 9th floors. The study employed a sound level meter according to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 7231:2009 to measure noise intensity in the workplace. The primary sources of high noise levels were jackhammers, hammers, portable ventilators, iron-cutting machines, and pipe-cutting tools, with corresponding readings of 148, 114, 95.4, 85, and 85 dB, respectively. To mitigate the potential risks of excessive noise, recommendations were made based on the risk control hierarchy outlined in the Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series (OHSAS) 18001:2007 for Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems, including equipment substitution, administrative controls, and the use of appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), such as earplugs. The effectiveness of earplugs, with a noise reduction ratio (NRR) of 30 dB, was highlighted for reducing noise levels below the threshold limit value (TLV) and ensuring worker safety.
Analysis of Heavy Metals Pb and Mn in River Water at Putri Cempo Landfill
Waste is a crucial issue with far-reaching impacts on the environment, public health, and economy. The Putri Cempo landfill receives waste from Surakarta City. Waste can pollute the river near the landfill, given the location of the river that adjoins and is close to residential areas. The purpose of this research was to analyze the river water quality around the Putri Cempo landfill for heavy metals Pb and Mn. The research was conducted by taking samples directly from the river and then analyzing the heavy metal content. The results were compared with river water quality standards according to Indonesian Government Regulation 22/2021. The results showed that the Pb content in river was -0.02392344 mg/L and Mn was 4.206021703 mg/L. From these results, the Pb content in the river did not exceed the quality standard limit, whereas the Mn content exceeded the quality standard limit. It can be concluded that the river water around Putri Cempo landfill has been contaminated with Mn. Heavy metals in high levels can harm living things and the environment, can cause death to aquatic biota and plants, disease in humans, degrade water quality and damage river aesthetics. Further evaluation of stakeholders is required to address heavy metal pollution
Sustainability Literacy on Food Waste Education: A Preliminary Study
Food waste contributes significantly to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and reflects low sustainability awareness, particularly in developing countries such as Indonesia. This study aimed to assess the level of sustainability literacy, comprising knowledge, skills, and values, among vocational high school students in Bogor City within the context of food waste. Using a descriptive quantitative method with 125 respondents, data were collected through a 21-item questionnaire and were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings show that while students demonstrated good sustainability skills (76.95%) and values (73.63%), their sustainability knowledge was only fair (57.81%), indicating a cognitive-behavioral gap. Spearman's correlation analysis revealed no significant relationship between sustainability knowledge and skills (ρ = 0.109, p = 0.226), reinforcing the need for holistic and integrative learning interventions. These results underscore the importance of developing interactive, value-driven educational media, such as e-books, to enhance students' environmental literacy and foster sustainable behavior. This preliminary study serves as a foundation for designing contextually relevant educational strategies to support food waste reduction and sustainability education in Indonesia.
Trends and Patterns of Sediment Contamination in Indonesia (1999-2024): A Scientometric Analysis
In the current era of the Industrial Revolution, there is a substantial increase in effluents from industrial discharges and domestic waste flowing into the sea, leading to contamination of water bodies. This includes pollutants such as heavy metals (Cu, Pb, and Zn) and microplastics, which eventually settle and contaminate sediments. Research on sediment contamination in Indonesia has been quite numerous and varied, but none has employed the scientometric method to analyze the trend of sediment contamination. Using CiteSpace, this study analyzes trends and patterns in research topics, citation frequency, and publication numbers over the past 25 years, based on co-occurrence, co-word, and co-citation analyses. The study examined 177 research articles indexed by Scopus. Findings reveal substantial international collaboration, with Indonesia leading with 167 publications, Malaysia with 19, and Japan with 15, showing a significant gap. The research spans various subject areas, including Environmental Science (111 articles), Earth and Planetary Sciences (74 articles), and Agricultural and Biological Sciences (55 articles). This study will provide a quantitative and visual overview of sediment contamination research in Indonesia, offering a comprehensive discussion of the findings.
Corporate Responsibility for Water Disclosure in Improving Environmental Transparency: A Case Study of ASEAN Countries
This study analyzes water disclosures by leading ASEAN manufacturing firms regarding corporate social responsibility (CSR). The ASEAN region faces considerable environmental challenges, especially in managing water resources, which are increasingly critical owing to the rapid growth of manufacturing sector companies. Purposive sampling was used to analyze 176 secondary data units from sustainability and annual reports of companies listed on the stock exchanges of Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, and the Philippines between 2020 and 2023. The variables studied include gender diversity, board meeting frequency, government ownership, profitability, and company size. The results show that only gender diversity significantly affects the exposure to water. Moderation regression analysis indicates that the CSR Committee strengthens the influence of company size but weakens the influence of other variables. This study makes a theoretical contribution by offering actual data on the intricate function of the CSR Committee in reducing the impact of corporate governance traits on water disclosure. The practical implication is that companies can improve the effectiveness of CSR committees, and the government can formulate policies that encourage sustainable water management through good corporate governance.
Bibliometric Analysis of Water Pollution Research: Focus on Industry Impacts
Water pollution is a pressing global issue, particularly in regions heavily impacted by industrialization. This results in aquatic ecosystem degradation, biodiversity loss, and significant health risks from waterborne diseases and prolonged exposure to toxic pollutants. Industrial waste is a key contributor, highlighting the urgency of effective mitigation strategies. This study aimed to analyze research trends in industrial water pollution, identify knowledge gaps, and provide actionable insights for policymakers. A bibliometric analysis and literature review were conducted on 2,523 articles published between 2015 and 2024 using R software and the Biblioshiny interface. In addition, 30 highly cited articles were reviewed in-depth to explore dominant themes and advancements. The findings show a marked increase in research output, with China as the leading contributor. Key topics include the impact of industrial effluents, innovative water treatment technologies, and regulatory measures. However, significant gaps remain, particularly in interdisciplinary approaches and research on developing countries, such as Indonesia. This study recommends advancing scalable, cost-effective hybrid technologies, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration, and promoting public awareness initiatives. This study highlights the need to integrate technological, social, and policy dimensions to address industrial water pollution effectively, offering a pathway for sustainable solutions and future research directions.
Life Cycle Assessment and Material Flow Analysis Research on Electronic Waste in Asia: Trends, Gaps, and Insights
The term "electronic waste" or "e-waste" refers to a broad array of discarded electronic products and electrical appliances that have reached the end of their useful lives. These include computers, smartphones, televisions, and refrigerators. Over the past three years, the volume of e-waste has surged, from 24.9 million metric tons (MMT) in 2019 to 33 MMT in 2022, as reported by the United Nations in The Global E-Waste Monitor 2024. This increase is driven by the expansion of the electronics industry and the increased usage of electronic devices. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Material Flow Analysis (MFA) are key methodologies used to assess the environmental impact and material flow of e-waste management, respectively. However, many MFAs fail to track the flow of secondary materials that are reused, recycled, and reduced in the new products. This study addresses these gaps by analyzing e-waste management trends in Asia using a systematic literature network analysis (SLNA). SLNA combines a systematic literature review (SLR) and bibliometric analysis (BA) to offer a comprehensive review from various perspectives. This study aims to identify underexplored topics and trends, provide insights that can shape future research directions, and inform government policies on e-waste management in Asia.