Kondisi Eksisting Tiram (Bivalvia: Ostreidae) di Perairan Estuari Desa Banda Masen Kecamatan Banda Sakti Kota Lhokseumawe

Abstract

Kajian kondisi eksisting tiram dilakukan pada tiga stasiun pengamatan di perairan estuari Desa Banda Masen (Juli – September 2020). Kajian bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor lingkungan, distribusi dan biodiversitas, kepadatan, frekuensi pertumbuhan serta karakteristik lingkungan tiram, dimana sampel dikumpulkan dalam plot yang berukuran 1x1 m pada sisi kiri, tengah dan kanan estuari, sedangkan keterkaitan parameter kualitas perairan terhadap kepadatan maupun morfometrik tiram dianalisis berdasarkan Principle Component Analysis (PCA). Hasil kajian memperlihatkan bahwa konsentrasi DO berkisar antara 07,85–07,87 mg/L, suhu 30,00–32,00°C, salinitas 32,50–35,00‰, pH 07,90–08,13, kekeruhan 27,90–28,17 NTU, kecerahan 00,20–00,22 cm, kedalaman 01,20–01,27 m dan intensitas cahaya 449–452 Lux. Selain itu, hasil kajian juga memperlihatkan tiram terdistribusi di semua stasiun pengamatan, terdiri dari dua spesies dengan kepadatan S. cucullata antara 02,33–04,11 ind/m² dan kepadatan S. echinata antara 02,11–03,56 ind/m². Untuk frekuensi pertumbuhan morfometrik, panjang cangkang S. cucullata dominannya adalah 04,28–04,91 cm, lebar cangkang 03,48–04,06 cm, berat isi 03,18–04,85 mg dan berat cangkang 15,86–20,43 mg. Selanjutnya untuk frekuensi pertumbuhan morfometrik S. echinata, panjang cangkang dominannya adalah 03,82–04,27 cm, lebar cangkang 02,96–03,41 cm, berat isi 03,12–04,12 mg serta berat cangkang 15,06–19,33 mg, dimana kepadatan maupun berat isi S. cucullata sangat ditentukan oleh intensitas cahaya, salinitas, suhu dan kekeruhan perairan, sedangkan kecerahan perairan kurang memberikan pengaruh yang baik bagi kepadatan maupun berat isi tiram S. cucullata, kecuali bagi pertumbuhan panjang cangkang S. echinata, panjang cangkang S. cucullata, berat isi dan berat cangkang S. echinata.

The study of the existing condition of oysters was carried out at three observation stations in the estuary of Banda Masen Village during July until September 2020. The study aims to determine environmental factors, distribution, biodiversity, density, growth frequency and environmental characteristics of oysters. Samples were collected in plots with measuring 1x1 m on the left, middle and right sides of the estuary. Furthermore, the correlation parameters of water quality on density and morphometric of oysters to be analyzed base on Principle Component Analysis (PCA). The results showed that DO concentrations ranged between 07,85–07,87 mg/L, temperature 30,00–32,00°C, salinity 32,50–35,00‰, pH 07,90–08,13, turbidity 27,90–28,17 NTU, brightness 00,20–00,22 cm, depth 01,20–01,27 m and light intensity 449,00–452,00 Lux. In addition, the results of the study also depict that oysters were distributed in all observation stations which consisting of two species with density of S. cucullata and S. echinata between 02,33–04,11 ind/m² and 02,11–03,56 ind/m², respectively. The frequency of morphometric growth illustrates the dominant shell of S. cucullata was 04,28–04,91 cm in length, 03,48–04,06 cm in width, and 15,86–20,43 mg in weight with bulk have 03,18–04,85 mg in weight. Furthermore, the frequency of morphometrics growth of S. echinata have dominant shell was 03,82–04,27 cm in length, 02,96–03,41 cm in width, 15.06 –19,33 mg in weight with bulk have 03,12–04,12 mg in weight. The density and weight of the bulk of S. cucullata were largely determined by light intensity, salinity, temperature and turbidity of the waters. Meanwhile, the brightness did not give significant influence except for the length of two species and density also weight of S. echinata.