DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/dilrev.11.1.2026.140-168

RECLAIMING THE FUTURE: A NORMATIVE RECONSTRUCTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE THROUGH INTERGENERATIONAL JUSTICE

*Sugeng Sugeng orcid scopus  -  Department of Philosophy, Faculty of Humanities, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
Naupal Asnawi  -  Department of Philosophy, Faculty of Humanities, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
Luh Gede Saraswati Putri  -  Department of Philosophy, Faculty of Humanities, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
Open Access Copyright (c) 2026 Diponegoro Law Review under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0.

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Abstract

Environmental governance in Indonesia remains reactive and focused on present harms, leaving the legal system poorly equipped to address ecological risks that accumulate across generations. In this context, intergenerational justice is well established in environmental scholarship, but rarely operates as a source of enforceable duties or institutional constraints. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the translation of the principle of Indonesian environmental constitutionalism into an adaptive and anticipatory framework of state responsibility. Doctrinal, conceptual, constitutional, and functional comparative analyses were combined using a normative legal study. Rawls’ just savings principle, Jonas’ ethics of responsibility, and Weiss’ theory of intergenerational equity provided the normative foundation, while European Union precautionary and risk-based mechanisms served as functional comparators rather than models for wholesale transplantation. The analysis identified five requirements for legally meaningful intergenerational protection, namely preventive duties, long-term risk assessment, representation of future interests, regulatory adaptability, and effective accountability. The results showed that Indonesia’s constitutional recognition of environmental rights was not supported by a coherent architecture for long-term protection. Norms remained fragmented, coordination was weak, and decision-making procedures did not consistently evaluate cumulative or irreversible harm. This study proposed an Intergenerational Adaptive Environmental Governance Framework built on four mutually reinforcing elements, namely an intergenerational interpretation of constitutional environmental rights, precautionary and long-term due diligence duties, institutional and procedural representation of future interests, as well as continuous monitoring, cumulative impact assessment, and periodic regulatory review. These elements recasted environmental governance from retrospective damage control as a system of anticipatory constitutional responsibility.

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Keywords: Intergenerational Justice; Environmental Governance; Future-Oriented Human Rights; Sustainability Law; Comparative Legal Analysis
Funding: Universitas Indonesia

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