DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jil.23.6.%25p

Analisis Konsentrasi, Distribusi dan Potensi Sumber Logam Berat Pada Air Permukaan dan Air Tanah di Pesisir Parangtritis Yogyakarta

1Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 55584, Indonesia

2Jurusan Teknik Lingkungan, Fakultas Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

3Balai Geospasial Pesisir dan Gumuk Pasir (BGPGP), Badan Informasi Geospasial, Depok, Parangtritis, Kretek, Bantul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Received: 6 Nov 2024; Revised: 3 Feb 2026; Accepted: 11 Feb 2026; Published: 15 Mar 2026.
Editor(s): Budi Warsito

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Abstract
Air tanah merupakan sumber utama air bersih di seluruh pesisir dunia termasuk Pesisir Parangtritis di Yogyakarta. Meskipun kuantitas air tanah di Parangtritis masih aman, permasalahan kualitas air tanah karena pencemaran logam berat menjadi isu penting yang belum dikaji. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konsentrasi, distribusi, dan potensi sumber logam berat di Parangtritis. Sebanyak 34 sampel dengan masing-masing 17 sampel pada air permukaan dan air tanah dianalisis menggunakan Spektrofotometri Serapan Atom untuk menentukan konsentrasi logam Pb, Cd, Cr, dan Cu. Analisis distribusi spasial menggunakan perangkat lunak ArcGIS Pro Versi 3.2 dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi keterkaitan pola sebaran konsentrasi logam pada air permukaan dan air tanah pada berbagai penggunaan lahan. Wawancara terhadap 34 responden juga dilakukan untuk identifikasi awal dampak terhadap kesehatan lingkungan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa logam Pb dan Cd secara signifikan melebihi baku mutu air minum Indonesia pada hampir semua sampel, sedangkan Cr dan Cu menunjukkan konsentrasi dibawah baku mutu. Analisis pola sebaran mengindikasikan penggunaan lahan pertanian pada bagian utara-tengah berasosiasi dengan tingginya konsentrasi Pb dan Cd, sehingga aktivitas pertanian menjadi salah satu sumber potensial pencemaran. Hasil wawancara juga menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan masyarakat terhadap masalah pencemaran logam berat masih sangat rendah. Lebih lanjut, perlu adanya kajian terkait mekanisme pencemaran Pb dan Cd pada aktivitas pertanian maupun non pertanian di Parangtritis. Hal ini akan mempermudah kombinasi tindakan preventif dan remediasi seperti pengurangan pupuk kimia, fitoremediasi serta pengelolaan limbah sebagai upaya awal pengurangan risiko lingkungan dari pencemaran logam berat di Parangtritis maupun di lokasi lain dengan karakteristik kepesisiran yang sama.
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Keywords: Air tanah; Logam berat; Cd; Pb; Parangtritis

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Section: Research Article
Language : ID
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