DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jati.21.2.153-169

SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW: TANTANGAN GEOPOLITIK DAN GEOEKONOMI GLOBAL DALAM STRATEGI PENGUATAN KEMANDIRIAN INDUSTRI PERTAHANAN NASIONAL

*Rafli Ardiansyah orcid  -  Universitas Pertahanan, Indonesia

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara sistematis pengaruh dinamika geopolitik dan geoekonomi global terhadap strategi penguatan kemandirian industri pertahanan nasional Indonesia. Dalam konteks meningkatnya ketegangan global, disrupsi rantai pasok, serta konflik internasional seperti Rusia-Ukraina, rivalitas Amerika Serikat-Cina, dan eskalasi konflik di Timur Tengah termasuk Iran-Israel, upaya membangun kemandirian industri pertahanan menjadi semakin kompleks dan strategis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) terhadap lebih dari 50 artikel dan laporan kebijakan yang diperoleh dari basis data bereputasi, seperti Sinta, Scopus, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Taylor & Francis, serta Google Scholar. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa penguatan industri pertahanan memerlukan pendekatan multidimensional melalui peningkatan Tingkat Komponen Dalam Negeri, implementasi Transfer of Technology (ToT) dan mekanisme offset, serta diversifikasi rantai pasok strategis untuk mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap negara pemasok utama. Selain itu, integrasi kebijakan nasional seperti Imbal Dagang, Kandungan Lokal, dan Offset dengan strategi riset dan pengembangan menjadi faktor penting dalam mendorong transformasi industri pertahanan. Sinergi lintas sektor antara pemerintah, industri, akademisi, dan lembaga riset juga berperan krusial dalam menciptakan ekosistem inovasi pertahanan yang berkelanjutan. Kesimpulannya, kemandirian industri pertahanan Indonesia hanya dapat tercapai melalui sinkronisasi kebijakan industri, inovasi teknologi, dan kerja sama strategis yang adaptif dalam menghadapi dinamika geopolitik dan geoekonomi global yang semakin kompleks.

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Keywords: Geoekonomi; geopolitik; kemandirian industri pertahanan; systematic literature review
Funding: Universitas Pertahanan Republik Indonesia under contract -

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