DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/mkmi.20.5.365-371

Pengaruh Pandemi Covid-19 terhadap Pelayanan Imunisasi Rutin pada Anak: Kajian Literatur

Departemen Administrasi dan Kebijakan Kesehatan, Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia

Received: 22 Jun 2021; Revised: 19 Sep 2021; Accepted: 22 Sep 2021; Published: 1 Oct 2021.
Open Access Copyright (c) 2021 MEDIA KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/.

Citation Format:
Abstract

Latar belakang: Pandemi COVID-19 telah memberikan dampak terhadap sistem pelayanan kesehatan, yaitu terganggunya pelayanan kesehatan dasar seperti pelayanan imunisasi rutin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pandemi COVID-19 terhadap layanan imunisasi rutin serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya.

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kajian literatur dengan menggunakan data sekunder yang berasal dari publikasi literatur terdahulu. Terdapat total 17.500 publikasi yang teridentifikasi berkaitan dengan topik yang dicari. Setelah dilakukan screening kedua dengan menggunakan cakupan tahun publikasi dari tahun 2020-2021 maka didapatkan 36 publikasi.

Hasil: Beberapa negara di dunia mengalami penurunan cakupan imunisasi dan pemanfaatan layanan selama pandemi COVID-19. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi hal tersebut yaitu ketakutan masyarakat akan terpapar virus COVID-19, ketidaksiapan sistem pelayanan kesehatan dan keterbatasan mobilitas masyarakat. Dalam mengatasi dampak disrupsi imunisasi rutin, tenaga kesehatan dan pemerintah harus berupaya untuk meningkatkan cakupan dan target imunisasi yang mengalami ketertinggalan.

Simpulan: Adanya pandemi COVID-19 mempengaruhi terdisrupsinya layanan kesehatan esensial termasuk layanan imunisasi, menyebabkan menurunnya cakupan imunisasi PD3I, dan dapat berisiko terhadap timbulnya masalah kesehatan lain seperti kejadian luar biasa (KLB) PD3I.

Kata Kunci: Imunisasi Rutin; Covid-19; Dampak Disrupsi Layanan Imunisasi

 

ABSTRACT

Title: The Effect of The Covid-19 Pandemic on Routine Immunization Services for Children: Literature Review

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is impacting on the health care system, namely the disruption of basic health services such as routine immunization services. This study aims to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on routine immunization services as well as the factors that affect them.

Method: This study conducted literature review method using secondary data derived from previous literature publications.

Result: Some countries around the world had reported a decrease in immunization coverage and service utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic. Factors that influence this are people's fear of exposure to the COVID-19 virus, unpreparedness of the health care system and limited mobility of the community. In addressing the impact of routine immunization disruptions, health workers and governments should strive to improve the coverage and targets of immunizations.

Conclusion: The existence of the COVID-19 pandemic affects the disruption of essential health services including immunization services, causes a decrease in PD31 immunization coverage, and can be a risk of other health problems such as PD31 outbreaks.

Keyword: Routine Immunization; Covid-19; Disruption Immunization Services Impact

Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: Imunisasi Rutin; COVID-19; Dampak Disrupsi Layanan Imunisasi

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Literature Review
Language : ID
Recent articles
Determinan Kinerja Penatalaksanaan Tuberkulosis Paru oleh Petugas di Puskesmas Kota Semarang Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Prilaku Pencegahan Covid-19 pada Santri di Kota Mataram (Studi di Pondok Pesantren Abu Hurairah) Faktor-Faktor yang Berpengaruh pada Kepatuhan Masyarakat terhadap Protokol Kesehatan Pencegahan Covid-19 di Desa Banyukuning, Kecamatan Bandungan, Kabupaten Semarang Hubungan Asupan Protein, Status Gizi Ibu Menyusui, dan Kandungan Protein pada Air Susu Ibu (ASI): Telaah Sistematik Pengaruh Pandemi Covid-19 terhadap Pelayanan Imunisasi Rutin pada Anak: Kajian Literatur More recent articles
Most cited articles
Rokok, Pola Pemasaran dan Perilaku Merokok Siswa SMA/Sederajat di Kota Semarang Perilaku Wanita Pekerja Seks dalam Pencegahan Infeksi Menular Seksual (Studi Kualitatif Pada Anak Asuh di Lokalisasi Gembol, Sukosari, Bawen, Kabupaten Semarang) Analisis Karakteristik Lingkungan Pada Kejadian Leptospirosis di Kabupaten Demak Jawa Tengah Tahun 2009 Infeksi Nosokomial di RSUD Setjonegoro Kabupaten Wonosobo Pemanfaatan Prolanis di Fasilitas Kesehatan Tingkat Pertama Wilayah Kota Depok More cited articles
  1. Ranganathan R, Khan AM. Routine immunization services during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Indian J Community Heal. 2020;32(2 Special Issue):236–9
  2. Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Buletin Surveilans PD3I & Imunisasi. 2020;11–11
  3. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 12 Tahun 2017 Tentang Penyelenggaraan Imunisasi. Kementrian Kesehatan RI; 2017
  4. WHO. At least 80 million children under one at risk of diseases such as diphtheria, measles and polio as COVID-19 disrupts routine vaccination efforts, warn Gavi, WHO and UNICEF [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 Jun 20]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news/item/22-05-2020-at-least-80-million-children-under-one-at-risk-of-diseases-such-as-diphtheria-measles-and-polio-as-covid-19-disrupts-routine-vaccination-efforts-warn-gavi-who-and-unicef
  5. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia dan UNICEF. Routine Immunization for Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia : Perceptions of Parents and Caregivers August 2020. 2020;(August):1–12. Available from: https://www.unicef.org/indonesia/media/6066/file/Routine immunization for children during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia: Perceptions of parents and caregivers.pdf
  6. Harris RC, Chen Y, Côte P, Ardillon A, Nievera MC, Ong-Lim A, et al. Impact of COVID-19 on routine immunisation in South-East Asia and Western Pacific: Disruptions and solutions. Lancet Reg Heal - West Pacific [Internet]. 2021;10:100140. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanwpc.2021.100140
  7. Wale Tegegne A, Kassie Gidafie A, Girma Mamo D, Tilahun Wassie S, Abita Mengie Z. Immunization Status and Challenges During COVID-19 and Associated Factors Among Children Aged 10–23 Months in South Region, Ethiopia 2020. Pediatr Heal Med Ther. 2021;Volume 12:101–9
  8. Alsuhaibani M, Alaqeel A. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Routine Childhood Immunization in Saudi Arabia. Available from: www.mdpi.com/journal/vaccines
  9. Mansour Z, Arab J, Said R, Rady A, Hamadeh R, Gerbaka B, et al. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the utilization of routine immunization services in Lebanon. PLoS One [Internet]. 2021;16(2 Febuary):1–11. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246951
  10. COVID-19 continues to disrupt essential health services in 90% of countries [Internet]. [cited 2021 Jun 22]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news/item/23-04-2021-covid-19-continues-to-disrupt-essential-health-services-in-90-of-countries
  11. Why Are Childhood Vaccines So Important? | CDC [Internet]. [cited 2021 Jun 22]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vac-gen/howvpd.htm
  12. World Immunization Week 2021 - Vaccines bring us closer [Internet]. [cited 2021 Jun 22]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/events/detail/2021/04/24/default-calendar/world-immunization-week-2021
  13. Fine P, Eames K, Heymann DL. “Herd immunity”: A rough guide. Clin Infect Dis. 2011;52(7):911–6
  14. Several European Countries Under New COVID Lockdown Restrictions | Voice of America - English [Internet]. [cited 2021 Jun 22]. Available from: https://www.voanews.com/covid-19-pandemic/several-european-countries-under-new-covid-lockdown-restrictions
  15. Chandir S, Siddiqi DA, Setayesh H, Khan AJ. Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on routine immunisation in Karachi, Pakistan. Lancet Glob Heal [Internet]. 2020;8(9):e1118–20. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30290-4

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update: 2024-11-16 10:06:46

No citation recorded.