Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas Kwesioner Etiologi dan Faktor Risiko Kanker Nasofaring

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Validity and reliability tests on questionnaires designed for etiology and risk factors of nasopharynx cancer
Background: The etiology and risk factors of NPC is a combination of multi-risk factors of genetic history, lifestyle, environmental exposure, and EBV infection. Currently, there is no publication about NPC’s questionnaire. This study analyzed the reliability and validity of the questionnaire of NPC’s etiology and risk factors.

Methods: The cross-sectional study of the questionnaires of NPC’s etiology and risk factors were filled by the used-tryout samples i.e NPC sufferers and their family members, in April to August 2012. The study were done at Anatomical Pathology Laboratory of Kariadi & St. Elisabeth Hospitals Semarang. There are three main constructs, namely; genetic, lifestyle, and environmental exposure. The 74 filled-questionnaires were tested by correlation analysis of product moment for the validity, and the reliability tests conducted with Cronbach's Alpha. The data were analyzed with SPSS for Windows version 17.0.

Results: A test for risk family history constructs were valid (p>0.932) and reliabel (Cronbach's Alpha=0.864). A test for lifestyle with a Pearson Correlation were p>0.785 for smoking habit, eating salted fish p>0.793, eating grilled-fish p>0.862, eating pickled p>0.831, drinking alcohol p>0.760, instant noodle p>0.497, food preservation p>0.495, food contains MSG p>0.627, with Cronbach's Alpha>0.751. A test for environmental exposure risk were valid for the exposure to passive cigarette smoke (p>0.486) Cronbach's Alpha=0.789,the exposure of the home environment p>0.658 Cronbach's Alpha=0.832, exposure-related jobs p>0.373 Cronbach's Alpha=0.697, and chronic nasopharingitis are all valid (p>0.900) with Cronbach's Alpha=0851.

Conclusions: The questionnaires designed as a tool of NPC’s etiology and risk factors are valid and reliable.

Keywords: Validity, realibility, questionnaires, NPC’s etiology and risk factors

ABSTRAK
Latar belakang: Etiologi dan faktor risiko KNF merupakan kombinasi risiko riwayat genetik, gaya hidup, paparan lingkungan, dan infeksi EBV. Saat ini, belum ada publikasi tentang kwesioner KNF. Penelitian ini membuktikan validitas dan reliabilitas alat ukur kwesioner etiologi dan faktor risiko KNF.

Metode: Penelitian cross-sectional terhadap hasil pengisian kwesioner etiologi dan faktor risiko KNF yang diisi oleh sampel tryout terpakai, yaitu penderita KNF dan anggota keluarganya, pada April - Agustus 2012, di Laboratorium Patologi Anatomi RSUP  Dr. Kariadi Semarang dan RS St. Elisabeth Semarang. Kwesioner berdasar pada tiga konstruk utama, yaitu risiko genetik, risiko kebiasaan/gaya hidup, dan risiko paparan lingkungan. Sebanyak 74 kwesioner dilakukan uji validitas dengan analisis korelasi product moment, serta uji reliabilitas Cronbach's Alpha. Data dianalisis dengan SPSS for Windows version 17.0.

Hasil: Uji konstruk risiko riwayat keluarga didapatkan valid (p>0,932) dan reliabel (Cronbach's Alpha=0,864). Uji konstruk risiko gaya hidup dengan Pearson Correlation didapatkan p>0,785 untuk subkonstruk kebiasaan merokok, kebiasaan makan ikan asin p>0,793, kebiasaan makan ikan/daging asap/bakar p>0,862, kebiasaan makan asinan p>0,831, kebiasaan minum alkohol p>0,760, kebiasaan makan mie instan p>0,497, kebiasaan makan makanan awetan p>0,495, kebiasaan makanan mengandung MSG p>0,627, Cronbach's Alpha=0,751. Uji konstruk risiko paparan lingkungan didapatkan valid untuk subkonstruk paparan pasif asap rokok (p>0,486), Cronbach's Alpha=0,789, paparan lingkungan rumah p>0,380, Cronbach's Alpha=0,713, paparan yang berhubungan dengan pekerjaan p>0,373 Cronbach's Alpha=0,697, infeksi nasofaringitis kronik semuanya valid (p>0,900), Cronbach's Alpha=0,851.

Simpulan: Kwesioner yang diuji sebagai alat ukur untuk menggali etiologi dan faktor risiko KNF layak dipergunakan karena valid dan reliabel