DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/parole.v11i2.163-174

Attitudinal Language of Flora and Fauna Discourse on an Indonesian Tourism Website: Appraisal in Ecolinguistics

Universitas Sanata Dharma, Indonesia

Received: 28 Jul 2021; Published: 31 Oct 2021.
Open Access Copyright (c) 2021 PAROLE: Journal of Linguistics and Education under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

Citation Format:
Abstract

This paper reports the appraisal analysis - particularly the attitudinal language - of Indonesian flora and fauna discourse on the official website of Indonesian tourism by examining 11 articles, accessed on www.Indonesia.travel. This paper qualitatively identifies the appraised features denoting Indonesian flora and fauna discourse and examined their appraising resources by applying Martin & White’s (2005) framework. Through the lens of interpersonal meaning, this paper criticizes how the website communicates through flora & fauna discourse in tourism to global readers. Findings reveal that affect, judgement, and appreciation function in several ways: introduce Indonesian endangered and endemic species, present the government’s seriousness to preserve the species, and promote the happiness and satisfaction tourists can feel when visiting the sites. From an ecolinguistics point of view, the website presents a beneficial discourse since it does not focus on feelings the tourists may have but the appreciation of the natural phenomena.

Fulltext View|Download Email colleagues
Keywords: appraisal; attitude; flora-fauna; Indonesia; tourism

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Research Article
Language : EN
Most cited articles
ENGLISHES: INDONESIAN EFL TEACHERS’ PERCEPTION Back Matter The Implication of Curriculum Renewal on ELT in Indonesia Interpersonal Metadiscourse pada Tagline Iklan Poster World Wildlife Fund (WWF) Frontmatter More cited articles
  1. Almos, R., Ladyanna, S., & Pramono, P. (2018). Ecology of Flora and Fauna in Maninjau Lake. JURNAL ARBITRER, 5(2), 94–100. https://doi.org/10.25077/ar.5.2.94-100.2018
  2. Arrijani & Muhammad Rizki. (2020). Vegetation analysis and population of tarsier (Tarsius spectrumgurskyae) at Batuputih Nature Tourism Park, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 21(2). https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d210214
  3. Bellan, G. L., & Bellan-Santini, D. R. (2001). A review of littoral tourism, sport and leisure activities: Consequences on marine flora and fauna. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 11(4), 325–333. https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.461
  4. Centre, U. W. H. (n.d.). Ujung Kulon National Park. Retrieved February 14, 2021, from UNESCO World Heritage Centre website: https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/608/
  5. Cholik, M. A. (2017). The development of tourism industry in Indonesia: Current problems and challenges. European Journal of Research and Reflection in Management Sciences, 5(1), 49–59
  6. Dastenaee, M. T., & Poshtvan, H. (2018). A Critical Review of Ecolinguistic Studies in Iran. 11
  7. Döring, M., & Zunino, F. (2014). NatureCultures in Old and New Worlds. Steps towards an ecolinguistic perspective on framing a ‘new’ continent. Language Sciences, 41, 34–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.langsci.2013.08.005
  8. Fafurida, F., Oktavilia, S., Prajanti, S. D. W., & Maretta, Y. A. (2020). Tourism And Economic Development In Indonesia. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 9(3), 6476–6479
  9. Fernández‐Llamazares, Á., Fraixedas, S., Brias‐Guinart, A., & Terraube, J. (2020). Principles for including conservation messaging in wildlife‐based tourism. People and Nature, 2(3), 596–607. https://doi.org/10.1002/pan3.10114
  10. Figueiredo, D. (2010). Context, register and genre: Implications for language education. Revista Signos, 43, 119–141
  11. Figueiredo, D. D. C., & Pasquetti, C. A. (2016). The discourse of tourism: An analysis of the online article “Best in Travel 2015: Top 10 cities” in its translation to Brazilian Portuguese. Ilha Do Desterro A Journal of English Language, Literatures in English and Cultural Studies, 69(1), 201. https://doi.org/10.5007/2175-8026.2016v69n1p201
  12. Geng, Y., & Wharton, S. (2019). How do thesis writers evaluate their own and others’ findings? An appraisal analysis and a pedagogical intervention. English for Specific Purposes, 56, 3–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esp.2019.06.002
  13. Halliday, M. A. K., & Matthiessen, C. M. I. M. (2014). Halliday’s introduction to functional grammar (Fourth Edition). Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge
  14. Haryana, A. (2020). Economic and Welfare Impacts of Indonesia’s Tourism Sector. Jurnal Perencanaan Pembangunan: The Indonesian Journal of Development Planning, 4(3), 300–311. https://doi.org/10.36574/jpp.v4i3.127
  15. Isti’anah, A. (2020). (Re)evaluating language attitudes on Indonesian tourism website: A study on ecolinguistics. Studies in English Language and Education, 7(2), 622–641. https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v7i2.16683
  16. Ivanov, A. (2020). Ecolinguistic aspect of cooperation: Comparative perspective. International Scientific Conference. Presented at the Relevant Trends of Scientific Research in the Countries of Central and Eastern Europe. https://doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-002-5-14
  17. Jalilifar, A., & Moradi, Y. (2019). Tourism Discourse Revisited: An Analysis of Evaluative Strategies in Tourist Brochures from a Systemic Functional Linguistics Perspective. Journal of English Studies, 17, 211. https://doi.org/10.18172/jes.3595
  18. Javan Rhino. (2020, September 29). Retrieved February 14, 2021, from International Rhino Foundation website: https://rhinos.org/about-rhinos/rhino-species/javan-rhino/
  19. Jepson, P. R. (2016). Saving a species threatened by trade: A network study of Bali starling Leucopsar rothschildi conservation. Oryx, 50(3), 480–488. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0030605314001148
  20. Malenkina, N., & Ivanov, S. (2018). A linguistic analysis of the official tourism websites of the seventeen Spanish Autonomous Communities. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 9, 204–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2018.01.007
  21. Manggong, L., & Sujatna, E. T. S. (2020). Linguistic Constructions as Cognitive Representations in the Metaphors of Tourism Advertorials: A Case Study on Indonesian Tourism Promotion. 7
  22. Martin, J. R., & White, P. R. R. (2005). The Language of evaluation appraisal in English. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Retrieved from http://www.palgraveconnect.com/pc/doifinder/10.1057/9780230511910
  23. Matheson, M. D. (2017). Primate Tourism. In M. Bezanson, K. C. MacKinnon, E. Riley, C. J. Campbell, K. A. I. A. Nekaris, A. Estrada, … A. Fuentes (Eds.), The International Encyclopedia of Primatology (pp. 1–8). Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119179313.wbprim0241
  24. Mühlhäusler, P. (2006). Environment and Language. In Encyclopedia of Language & Linguistics (pp. 203–207). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B0-08-044854-2/01285-2
  25. Munday, J. (2018). A model of appraisal: Spanish interpretations of President Trump’s inaugural address 2017. Perspectives, 26(2), 180–195. https://doi.org/10.1080/0907676X.2017.1388415
  26. Nash, J., & Mühlhäusler, P. (2014). Linking language and the environment: The case of Norf’k and Norfolk Island. Language Sciences, 41, 26–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.langsci.2013.08.004
  27. Nugroho, I., Negara, P. D., & Yuniar, H. R. (2018). The planning and the development of the ecotourism and tourism village in Indonesia: A policy review. Journal of Socioeconomics and Development, 1(1), 43–51. https://doi.org/10.31328/jsed.v1i1.532
  28. Ross, A. S., & Caldwell, D. (2020). ‘Going negative’: An APPRAISAL analysis of the rhetoric of Donald Trump on Twitter. Language & Communication, 70, 13–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.langcom.2019.09.003
  29. Samad, Y., Salim, M. A. M., & Akib, H. (2018). The Functions of Language in Realizing the Indonesian Culinary on the official tourism website of Indonesia: A Tourism Discourse Perspective. 23(10), 7–15
  30. Sapir, E. (2001). Language and Environment. In The ecolinguistics reader: Language, ecology, and environment (1st ed., pp. 13–23). London: Continuum
  31. Siew Mei, W. (2007). The use of engagement resources in high- and low-rated undergraduate geography essays. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 6(3), 254–271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeap.2007.09.006
  32. Sinclair-Maragh, G., & Gursoy, D. (2014). Flora and fauna, tourism. In J. Jafari & H. Xiao (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Tourism (pp. 1–2). Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01669-6_603-1
  33. Stanlaw, J. (Ed.). (2020). The International Encyclopedia of Linguistic Anthropology (1st ed.). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118786093
  34. Stibbe, A. (2015). Ecolinguistics: Language, ecology and the stories we live by. London ; New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
  35. Suau-Jiménez, F. (2019). Engagement of readers/customers in the discourse of e-tourism promotional genres. In C. Sancho Guinda (Ed.), Pragmatics & Beyond New Series (Vol. 301, pp. 341–358). Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company. https://doi.org/10.1075/pbns.301.18sua
  36. Sutherland, A., & Adendorff, R. (2014). An Appraisal analysis of a Women’s Day rant, rally and reflection. Southern African Linguistics and Applied Language Studies, 32(4), 393–415. https://doi.org/10.2989/16073614.2014.997070
  37. Sutomo, S. (Ed.). (2018). Ecology of Bedugul Basin Bali: A compilation of ecological studies conducted in Bedugul by Bali Botanical Garden researcher (First edition). Bogor: SEAMEO BIOTROP
  38. Tajvidi, G.-R., & Arjani, S. H. (2017). Appraisal Theory in Translation Studies: An Introduction and Review of Studies of Evaluation in Translation. Research in Applied Linguistics, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.22055/rals.2017.13089
  39. Tayibnapis, A. Z., & Sundari, M. S. (2020). Boosting Indonesia’s Tourism Sector to be Competitive. International Journal of Management & Business Studies, 10(1), 9–14
  40. Tupala, M. (2019). Applying quantitative appraisal analysis to the study of institutional discourse: The case of EU migration documents. Functional Linguistics, 6(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40554-018-0067-7
  41. Waitt, G., Lane, R., & Head, L. (2003). The boundaries of nature tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 30(3), 523–545. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(02)00104-4
  42. Widayati, D. (2019). Diversity of Culinary Ecolexicon of Main Cuisine in Malay Communities on the East Coast of North Sumatra. JURNAL ARBITRER, 6(2), 113–121. https://doi.org/10.25077/ar.6.2.113-121.2019
  43. Wu, G. (2018). Official websites as a tourism marketing medium: A contrastive analysis from the perspective of appraisal theory. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 10, 164–171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2018.09.004

Last update:

  1. Appraisal patterns used on the kalimantan tourism website: An ecolinguistics perspective

    Arina Istianah, Suhandano Suhandano. Cogent Arts & Humanities, 9 (1), 2022. doi: 10.1080/23311983.2022.2146928

  2. The year’s work in ecolinguistics 2021

    Ruijie Zhang. Journal of World Languages, 8 (1), 2022. doi: 10.1515/jwl-2022-0009

Last update: 2026-07-22 01:45:46

No citation recorded.