HUBUNGAN KOMPOSISI TUBUH DENGAN KUALITAS HIDUP PADA PENDERITA PENYAKIT GINJAL STADIUM AKHIR YANG MENJALANI HEMODIALISIS

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a very major health problem with an increasing prevalence and number 12 cause of death in the world. Patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESRD) will need kidney replacement therapy that can affect their quality of life. Body composition was found to have a role in the quality of life of patients with PGSA. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship of body composition parameters such as skeletal muscle mass, subcutaneous fat and visceral fat with a quality of life score based on the hypothesis that ESRD subjects with lower skeletal muscle mass had lower quality of life scores.

Method: This is a hospitalized-based cross-sectional study involved 50 subjects of ESRD in the Hemodialysis Unit (HD) of Dr. Kariadi Hospital  from June-August 2019 who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Skeletal muscle mass, subcutaneous fat and visceral fat were measured using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) and quality of life scores with KDQOL-SF. Hypothesis testing uses simple correlations and simple linear regression analysis for predictive values.

Results: There was a significant positive correlation between skeletal muscle mass (r = 0.564; p = 0.000) and a significant negative correlation between subcutaneous fat and viseral fat (r = -0.405; p = 0.004, r = 0.489; p = 0.000, respectively) with quality of life score. Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between levels of skeletal muscle mass, subcutaneous fat and visceral fat (central obesity) with quality of life scores.

Keyword: skeletal muscle, subcutaneous fat, viseral fat, central obesity, PGK, PGSA, quality of life.

ABSTRAK

Latar belakang : Penyakit Ginjal Kronis (PGK) adalah  masalah kesehatan yang sangat besar dengan prevalensi yang terus meningkat dan penyebab kematian nomor 12 di dunia. Penderita penyakit ginjal stadium akhir (PGSA) akan memerlukan terapi pengganti ginjal yang dapat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup mereka. Komposisi tubuh ditemukan memiliki peran dalam kualitas hidup penderita PGSA. Tujuan: Menganalisis hubungan parameter komposisi tubuh seperti massa otot rangka, lemak subkutan dan lemak viseral dengan skor kualitas hidup berdasarkan hipotesis bahwa subjek PGSA dengan massa otot rangka yang lebih rendah memiliki skor kualitas hidup yang lebih rendah.

Metode: Penelitian korelasional dengan desain cross sectional melibatkan subyek PGSA sebanyak 50 subyek di unit Hemodialisis (HD) Rumah Sakit Dr. Kariadi dari bulan Juni-Agustus 2019 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Dilakukan pengukuran massa otot rangka, lemak subkutan serta lemak viseral menggunakan Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BI A) dan skor kualitas hidup dengan KDQOL-SF. Uji hipotesis menggunakan korelasi sederhana dan analisis regresi linier sederhana untuk nilai prediksi.

Hasil:  Terdapat korelasi positif bermakna antara massa otot rangka (r = 0,564 ; p = 0,000) dan korelasi negatif bermakna antara lemak subkutan dan lemak viseral (r = -0,405; p = 0,004, r= -0,489; p = 0,000, secara berurutan) dengan skor kualitas hidup.

Simpulan : Terdapat korelasi bermakna antara kadar massa otot rangka, lemak subkutan dan lemak viseral (obesitas sentral) terhadap skor kualitas hidup. Kata kunci : otot rangka, lemak subkutan, lemak viseral, obesitas sentral, PGK, PGSA, kualitas hidup