Pengaruh Aglomerasi Terhadap Ketimpangan Ekonomi Pada Satuan Wilayah Pengembangan (SWP) VII Kediri Tahun 2016-2020

wella Yanuarti; Lucky Rachmawati

doi:10.14710/jdep.6.3.166-180

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jdep.6.3.166-180

Pengaruh Aglomerasi Terhadap Ketimpangan Ekonomi Pada Satuan Wilayah Pengembangan (SWP) VII Kediri Tahun 2016-2020

wella Yanuarti , Lucky Rachmawati

Fakultas Ekonomika dan Bisnis, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia

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Abstract

Strategi pembentukan satuan pembangunan daerah (SWP) bertujuan untuk pemerataan pertumbuhan ekonomi. Namun pembentukan pusat pertumbuhan SWP menyebabkan aglomerasi (konsentrasi industri) sehingga nilai PDRB perkapita daerah tidak merata. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh aglomerasi (pemusatan industri penduduk dari tingkat urbanisasi) terhadap ketimpangan ekonomi di SWP VII Kediri tahun 2015-2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dari 5 kabupaten/kota yaitu Kabupaten Kediri, Kabupaten Nganjuk, Kabupaten Trenggalek, Kabupaten Tulungagung, dan Kota Kediri dan dianalisis menggunakan indeks Entrophy Theil, Indeks Balassa, dan kemudian menggunakan regresi data panel dengan model random effect sebagai model terpilih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tingkat aglomerasi yang rendah di Kota Kediri berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap ketimpangan ekonomi. Artinya, peningkatan aglomerasi industri akan meningkatkan ketimpangan ekonomi yang bersifat Backwash Effect dari aglomerasi (penduduk urbanisasi) mengurangi tenaga kerja terdidik di pedesaan sehingga mengalami bias terhadap pertanian dengan produktifitas rendah.

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Keywords: Agglomeration; Economic Development; SWP VII Kediri, Backwash Effect

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In Vol 6, No 3 (2023): DECEMBER

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