THE SPATIAL PATTERN OF URBANIZATION AND SMALL CITIES DEVELOPMENT IN CENTRAL JAVA: A CASE STUDY OF SEMARANG-YOGYAKARTA-SURAKARTA REGION

*Jawoto Sih Setyono  -  Gadjah Mada University and Diponegoro University, Indonesia
Hadi Sabari Yunus  -  Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia
Sri Rum Giyarsih  -  Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia
Published: .
Open Access License URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

Citation Format:
Article Info
Section: Articles
Language: EN
In Vol 3, No 1 (2016): (April 2016)
Statistics: 2201 2107
Abstract
The special form of urbanization in Indonesia has led to a variety of themes on the urban development studies in Indonesia. Since 1990s, there has been an emphasis on the development of mega-urban regions, particularly those surrounding Jakarta as the biggest and the prime city in Indonesia. This research is aimed at elaborating the previous knowledge on the urbanization pattern in Indonesia, and Java in particular. More specifically, this study examines urban development trend in Central Java. The analysis of urbanization in this study can be classified into two categories, i.e. analysis of the urbanization level and analysis of the urbanization growth. These two analyses are combined by applying some GIS methods in order to understand the pattern of urbanization in the region. It is found that the urbanization process in Central Java has transformed the predominantly rural regions in the 1980s into the urban ones. The rapid growth of urban population forms some observable pattern that may be different to the national pattern. There are common spatial patterns, such as the importance of the coastal region and the essential role of the larger urban centers in the urbanization. In this regards, the emergence of the smaller centers has also contributed to the process, especially in bridging a more balanced development between major urban centers and their respective rural hinterland.
Keywords: Urbanization; small cities; urban system

Article Metrics:

  1. Armstrong, W., & McGee, T. G. (1985). Theatres of accumulation: studies in Latin American and Asian urbanisation. London: Methuen.
  2. Berry, B. J. L. (1961). City size distributions and economic development. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 573–588.
  3. Berry, B. J. L. (1964). Cities as systems within systems of cities. Papers in Regional Science, 13(1), 147–163.
  4. Bhagat, R. B., & Mohanty, S. (2009). Emerging pattern of urbanization and the contribution of migration in urban growth in India. Asian Population Studies, 5(1), 5–20.
  5. Champion, T., & Hugo, G. (2004). New forms of urbanization: beyond the urban-rural dichotomy. Ashgate Publishing Ltd.
  6. Dix, G. (1986). Small cities in the world system. Habitat International, 10(1-2), 273–282.
  7. Evans, J. (1984). The growth of urban centres in Java since 1961. Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, 20(1), 44–57.
  8. Fang, C., & Yu, D. (2016). Spatial Pattern of China’s New Urbanization. In China’s New Urbanization (pp. 179–232). Springer.
  9. Firman, T. (1992). The spatial pattern of urban population growth in Java, 1980--1990. Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, 28(2), 95–109.
  10. Firman, T. (1998). The restructuring of Jakarta Metropolitan Area:: A “global city” in Asia1An earlier version of this paper was presented to the Fourth International Congress of Asian Planning Schools Association (APSA) organized by the Department of Regional and City Planning, Institute of Technology Bandung, 2--4 September 1997 in Bandung, Indonesia. 1. Cities, 15(4), 229–243.
  11. Firman, T. (2003). The spatial pattern of population growth in Java, 1990--2000: Continuity and change in extended metropolitan region formation. International Development Planning Review, 25(1), 53–66.
  12. Firman, T. (2004). Demographic and spatial patterns of Indonesia’s recent urbanisation. Population, Space and Place, 10(6), 421–434.
  13. Firman, T. (2009). The continuity and change in mega-urbanization in Indonesia: A survey of Jakarta--Bandung Region (JBR) development. Habitat International, 33(4), 327–339.
  14. Firman, T., & Dharmapatni, I. A. I. (1994). The challenges to sustainable development in Jakarta metropolitan region. Habitat International, 18(3), 79–94.
  15. Firman, T., Kombaitan, B., & Pradono, P. (2007). The dynamics of Indonesia’s urbanisation, 1980--2006. Urban Policy and Research, 25(4), 433–454.
  16. Geertz, C. (1963). Peddlers and princes: Social development and economic change in two Indonesian towns (Vol. 318). University of Chicago Press.
  17. Geertz, C. (1965). The social history of an Indonesian town. Mit Pr.
  18. Giyarsih, S. R. (2010). Pola Spasial Transformasi Wilayah di Koridor Yogyakarta-Surakarta.
  19. Guggenheim, S., et al. (2004). Indonesia’s Kecamatan Development Program: A large-scale use of community development to reduce poverty. In Scaling Up Poverty Reduction: A Global Learning Process and Conference. Shanghai, May (pp. 25–27).
  20. Guilmoto, C. Z., & Jones, G. W. (2015). Contemporary Demographic Transformations in China, India and Indonesia (Vol. 5). Springer.
  21. Handayani, W. (2013). Rural-Urban Transition in Central Java: Population and Economic Structural Changes Based on Cluster Analysis. Land, 2(3), 419–436. http://doi.org/10.3390/land2030419
  22. Hinderink, J., & Titus, M. (2002). Small towns and regional development: Major findings and policy implications from comparative research. Urban Studies, 39(3), 379–391.
  23. Hinderink, J., & Titus, M. J. (1988). Paradigms of regional development and the role of small centres. Development and Change, 19(3), 401–423.
  24. Kasarda, J. D., & Crenshaw, E. M. (1991). Third world urbanization: Dimensions, theories, and determinants. Annual Review of Sociology, 467–501.
  25. Lo, F.-C., Salih, K., & Douglass, M. (1981). Rural-urban transformation in Asia. Rural-Urban Relations and Regional Development, 7–43.
  26. McGee, T. G. (1971). The urbanization process in the third world. London: G. Bell and Sons, Ltd.
  27. McGee, T. G. (1989). Urbanisasi or kotadesasi? Evolving patterns of urbanization in Asia. Urbanization in Asia: Spatial Dimensions and Policy Issues, 108.
  28. McGee, T. G. (1991). The Emergence of Desakota Regions in Asia: Expanding a Hypothesis. The Extended Metropolis Settlement Transition in Asia, Honolulu: University of Hawaii, 3–26.
  29. McGranahan, G., & Satterthwaite, D. (2014). Urbanisation: Concepts and Trends. IIED.
  30. Meyer, D. R. (1986). System of cities dynamics in newly industrializing nations. Studies in Comparative International Development, 21(1), 3–22.
  31. Milone, P. D. (1964). Contemporary urbanization in Indonesia. Asian Survey, 4(8), 1000–1012.
  32. Milone, P. D. (1966). Urban areas in Indonesia: administrative and census concepts (Vol. 10). Institute of International Studies, University of California.
  33. Mulyana, W. (2014). Rural-Urban Linkages: Indonesia Case Study.
  34. Nas, P. J. M. (1989). Town and countryside in Indonesia: A sceptic’s view. Sojourn: Journal of Social Issues in Southeast Asia, 20–33.
  35. Nas, P. J. M. (2003). The Indonesian town revisited (Vol. 1). LIT Verlag Münster.
  36. Pacione, M. (2009). Urban geography: A global perspective. Routledge.
  37. Potter, R. B., & Lloyd-Evans, S. (2014). The city in the developing world. Routledge.
  38. Rietveld, P. (1988). Urban Development Patterns in Indonesia 1. Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, 24(1), 73–95.
  39. Roberts, B. H. (2014). Managing systems of secondary cities. Policy Reponses in International.
  40. Rondinelli, D. A. (1983). Dynamics of growth of secondary cities in developing countries. Geographical Review, 42–57.
  41. Rotgé, V. L., Bagoes Mantra, I., Rijanta, R. (2000). Rural-urban integration in Java: consequences for regional development and employment. Ashgate Publishing Ltd.
  42. Rutz, W. (1987). Cities and towns in Indonesia: their development current positions and functions with regard to administration and regional economy. Berlin Germany Federal Republic of Gebruder Borntraeger 1987.
  43. Titus, M. J. (1991). A structural model for analysing production relations and regional functions of small towns in Central Java. Tijdschrift Voor Economische En Sociale Geografie, 82(4), 266–281.
  44. United Nations. (2015). World Urbanization Prospects 2014: Highlights. United Nations Publications.
  45. Wertheim, W. F. (1959). The Indonesian Town: Studies in Urban Sociology. Ekistics, 7(41), 238–241.
  46. Wouden, A. A. (1997). Three small towns in Central Java. Netherlands Geographical Studies, 221.
  47. Yunus, H. S. (2005a). Klasifikasi kota. Pustaka Pelajar.
  48. Yunus, H. S. (2005b). Manajemen kota: perspektif spasial. Pustaka Pelajar.

No citation recorded.

Copyright (c) 1970 GJGP-UNDIP License URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0