slot depo 1k

slot gacor

demo slot

slot

slot gacor

slot gacor

sbobet

mahjong ways

slot depo 5k

sbobet

mariatogel88

gaspol777

Kongbet268

HKG999

menara88

kongbet268

777w

rp55

888R

SL999

GG999

SL88

8II

RP99

RK88

KONGBET268

slot depo 5k

spaceman

mahjong ways 2

pg soft

sbobet


DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jhp.14.1.49-83

UNHCR AND ROHINGYA REFUGEES IN ACEH: HUMANITARIAN INTERVENTIONS AMIDST COORDINATION AND SUSTAINABILITY CHALLENGES

*Andri Sutrisno  -  IBLAM School of Law, Indonesia
Muhammad Wendra  -  IBLAM School of Law, Indonesia
Muhammad Annas  -  School of Law and Social Sciences, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Spain

Citation Format:
Abstract

Since 2017, military operations in Myanmar, justified as responses to attacks by Rohingya insurgent groups, have resulted in large-scale ethnic cleansing, forcing over 700,000 Rohingya to flee to neighboring countries, including Indonesia. Aceh, in particular, has become a significant destination due to its historical role as a refuge for displaced populations. The influx of refugees presents substantial challenges for local authorities and humanitarian organizations in meeting essential needs such as food, healthcare, and education. The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) has played a central role in responding to this humanitarian crisis by providing assistance and protection to Rohingya refugees in Aceh. Working closely with the Government of Indonesia and local non-governmental organizations (NGOs), UNHCR strives to uphold refugees’ fundamental rights and to mobilize international support effectively. Its interventions include the provision of basic necessities, access to healthcare services, educational programs, and efforts to facilitate integration into the local community where feasible. Despite these comprehensive efforts, significant challenges persist. Coordination among various actors—including government agencies, NGOs, and international donors—is often complex, resulting in gaps or overlaps in service delivery. Additionally, the sustainability of support remains a critical concern, as protracted displacement requires long-term planning, continuous funding, and consistent monitoring. This study focuses on two main issues: the role of UNHCR in delivering assistance and protection to Rohingya refugees in Aceh, and the challenges the agency faces in fulfilling its protection mandate. Employing doctrinal legal research, the study emphasizes international legal frameworks governing refugee protection and state responsibility. The findings indicate that while UNHCR has made substantial efforts to address immediate humanitarian needs, persistent challenges in coordination and sustainability must be addressed. Strengthening these areas is essential to ensure that the protection, welfare, and rights of Rohingya refugees are maintained effectively and sustainably over the long term.

Fulltext View|Download Email colleagues
Keywords: Rohingya Crisis; Rohingya Refugees; UNHCR Humanitarian Response; Refugee Protection Challenges; International Legal Frameworks

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Articles
Language : EN
Most cited articles
Arsenal Hukum Progresif Hukum Progresif: Hukum yang Membebaskan Pembangunan Hukum Negara dalam Masyarakat Multikultural: Perspektif Hukum Progresif More cited articles
  1. Adami, Kodrat. ‘Ambivalence in Rejection Toward Rohingya Refugees in Aceh’. Seuneubok Lada: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Sejarah, Sosial, Budaya Dan Pendidikan 12, no. 2 (2025). https://doi.org/10.33059/jsnbl.v12i2.12204
  2. Ahmed, Kawser. ‘Rethinking Humanitarian Diplomacy for Myanmar’s Rohingya Crisis Resolution: A Critical Analysis’. Journal of Peacebuilding & Development, 22 December 2025, 15423166251407446. https://doi.org/10.1177/15423166251407446
  3. Alam, Jobair. ‘The Rohingya of Myanmar: Theoretical Significance of the Minority Status’. Asian Ethnicity 19, no. 2 (2018): 180–210. https://doi.org/10.1080/14631369.2017.1407236
  4. Alam, Jobair. ‘The Status and Rights of the Rohingya as Refugees under International Refugee Law: Challenges for a Durable Solution’. Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies 19, no. 2 (2021): 128–41. https://doi.org/10.1080/15562948.2020.1746872
  5. Allain, Jean. ‘The Jus Cogens Nature of Non‐Refoulement’. International Journal of Refugee Law 13, no. 4 (2001): 533–58. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijrl/13.4.533
  6. Angenendt, Steffen, Nadine Biehler, David Kipp, and Amrei Meier. Growing Needs, Insufficient Resources: How to Fund International Refugee Protection? How to Fund International Refugee Protection? Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik (SWP), 2019. https://doi.org/10.18449/2019RP13
  7. Arifin, Ridwan, Shofriya Qonitatin Abidah, Mutmainah Nur Qoiri, and Ngboawaji Daniel Nte. ‘Building a Model for Refugee Rights Fulfillment: Community Collaboration at Cisarua Refugee Learning Centre in the Context of International Law’. Indonesian Journal of Legal Community Engagement 8, no. 2 (2025): 469–92. https://doi.org/10.15294/jphi.v8i2.33111
  8. Athoillah, Syafiq, and Hendra. ‘The Rejection of Rohingya Refugees in Aceh: A Scientific Analysis from Human Rights and Public Policy Perspectives’. Al Mabhats : Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Agama 9, no. 2 (2024): 101–14. https://doi.org/10.47766/almabhats.v9i2.3392
  9. Azzaulfa, Anisa, and Aulia Yuti Serera. ‘The Role of the International Organization for Migration (IOM) in Upholding Refugee Rights in Indonesia Based on the Implementation of the 1951 Refugee Convention and the 1967 Protocol’. Priviet Social Sciences Journal 6, no. 1 (2026): 519–27. https://doi.org/10.55942/pssj.v6i1.1242
  10. Bahri, M. Irvanni, Early Ridho Kismawadi, and Tri Siwi Agustina. ‘Between Sympathy and Hostility: Acehnese Attitudes towards Rohingya Refugees’. Analisa: Journal of Social Science & Religion 9, no. 2 (2024): 163–85. https://doi.org/10.18784/analisa.v9i2.2541
  11. Betts, Alexander, and Paul Collier. Refuge: Transforming a Broken Refugee System. Penguin UK, 2017
  12. Broberg, Morten, and Hans-Otto Sano. ‘Strengths and Weaknesses in a Human Rights-Based Approach to International Development – an Analysis of a Rights-Based Approach to Development Assistance Based on Practical Experiences’. The International Journal of Human Rights 22, no. 5 (2018): 664–80. https://doi.org/10.1080/13642987.2017.1408591
  13. Chowdhury, Ainun Nishat, and Ridwan Islam Sifat. ‘The Impact of Islamophobia on the Persecution of Myanmar’s Rohingya: A Human Rights Perspective’. Journal of Human Rights and Social Work 9, no. 2 (2024): 185–99. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41134-024-00309-z
  14. Chowdhury, Mehdi, Nigel L. Williams, Karen Thompson, and Georgina Ferdous. ‘The Rohingya Refugee Crisis in Bangladesh: An Analysis of the Involvement of Local Humanitarian Actors’. Third World Quarterly 43, no. 9 (2022): 2188–208. https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2022.2085087
  15. Chowdhury, Shahana Afrose. Young Rohingya Refugees: Risks and Future Prospects in Bangladesh BT - Handbook of Migration, International Relations and Security in Asia. Edited by A. K. M. Ahsan Ullah. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8001-7_16-1
  16. Corbett, Charles J, Alfonso J Pedraza‐Martinez, and Luk N Van Wassenhove. ‘Sustainable Humanitarian Operations: An Integrated Perspective’. Production and Operations Management 31, no. 12 (2022): 4393–406. https://doi.org/10.1111/poms.13848
  17. Costello, Cathryn, and Michelle Foster. ‘Non-Refoulement as Custom and Jus Cogens? Putting the Prohibition to the Test’. In Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 2015: Jus Cogens: Quo Vadis?, edited by Maarten den Heijer and Harmen van der Wilt. T.M.C. Asser Press, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-114-2_10
  18. Cronin, A. A., D. Shrestha, N. Cornier, F. Abdalla, N. Ezard, and C. Aramburu. ‘A Review of Water and Sanitation Provision in Refugee Camps in Association with Selected Health and Nutrition Indicators – the Need for Integrated Service Provision’. Journal of Water and Health 6, no. 1 (2007): 1–13. https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2007.019
  19. Dagba, Gershon, and Israel Nyaburi Nyadera. ‘Position of Responsibility: International Response to the Rohingya Refugee Crisis – The Case of Western Countries’. In Rohingya Refugee Crisis in Myanmar: Ethnic Conflict and Resolution, edited by Kudret Bülbül, Md. Nazmul Islam, and Md. Sajid Khan. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6464-9_13
  20. Darnela, Lindra, Faisal Syafri Azmi, and Arif Sugitanata. ‘The Dominant Influence of Islamic Law in Addressing the Challenges of Upholding the Rights of Rohingya Refugees’. De Jure: Jurnal Hukum Dan Syar’iah 17, no. 1 (2025): 1–32. https://doi.org/10.18860/j-fsh.v17i1.29885
  21. Druce, Stephen C. ‘Myanmar’s Unwanted Ethnic Minority: A History and Analysis of the Rohingya Crisis’. In Managing Conflicts in a Globalizing ASEAN: Incompatibility Management through Good Governance, edited by Mikio Oishi. Springer Singapore, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9570-4_2
  22. Fauzan, Helmi, Rudi Febriamansyah, and Sri Oktavia. ‘The Importance of Humanistic Dimension in Managing Rohingya Refugees in the Indonesian Western Province of Aceh.’ Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities 30, no. 3 (2022): 1049–69. https://doi.org/10.47836/pjssh.30.3.07
  23. Faye, Malang. ‘A Forced Migration from Myanmar to Bangladesh and Beyond: Humanitarian Response to Rohingya Refugee Crisis’. Journal of International Humanitarian Action 6, no. 1 (2021): 13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41018-021-00098-4
  24. Gunawan, Yordan, Carissa Shifa Novendra, and Aldha Febrila. ‘Indonesia’s Responsibility towards Rohingya Refugees: Analysis of the 1951 Refugee Convention’. Legality : Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum 32, no. 2 (2024): 182–94. https://doi.org/10.22219/ljih.v32i2.32164
  25. Haider, Huma. ‘Humanitarian Ration Cuts: Impacts on Vulnerable Groups.’ K4D Helpdesk Report 1181. Institute of Development Studies, 2022. https://doi.org/10.19088/K4D.2022.125
  26. Hathaway, James C. ‘The Rights of Refugees under International Law’. In The Rights of Refugees Under International Law, 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108863537.00
  27. Havez, Muhammad, Ninin Ernawati, Diva Pitaloka, Ahmad Rosidi, and Joko Jumadi. ‘Balancing Local Community Interest and International Responsibilities in the Context of the Expulsion of Rohingya Refugees in Aceh’. Indonesian Journal of International Law 21, no. 4 (2024): 655–84. https://doi.org/10.17304/ijil.vol21.4.1823
  28. Hossain, Md. Ismail, Isahaque Ali, Azlinda Azman, Iftakhar Ahmad, and Nafiul Mehedi. ‘The Rohingya Refugee Crisis: A Threat to Peace and Security in South Asia’. The International Journal of Community and Social Development 3, no. 4 (2021): 353–71. https://doi.org/10.1177/25166026211028365
  29. Ibrahim, Azeem. The Rohingyas: Inside Myanmar’s Genocide. 1st edn. Oxford University Press, 2018
  30. Islam, Md. Rafiqul, and Muhammad Mazedul Haque. Repatriation of Rohingya Refugees: Prospects and Challenges BT - Understanding the Rohingya Displacement: Security, Media, and Humanitarian Perspectives. Edited by Kawser Ahmed and Md. Rafiqul Islam. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-1424-7_15
  31. Kadir, M. Yakub Aiyub, Aditya Rivaldi, Lena Farsia, and Saifuddin Bantasyam. ‘The Legal Vacuum on Access to Higher Education for Refugees in Indonesia: Islamic Claim for Aceh Responsibility’. Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Dan Hukum Islam 7, no. 1 (2023): 522–54. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v7i1.15454
  32. Karim, Mohd Aminul. Ethnicity and Geopolitics of Rohingya Crisis BT - Risks, Identity and Conflict: Theoretical Perspectives and Case Studies. Edited by Steven Ratuva, Hamdy A. Hassan, and Radomir Compel. Springer Singapore, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1486-6_5
  33. Karina, Maria Elsa. ‘Analisa Perbandingan Kebijakan Malaysia Dan Indonesia Terhadap Pengungsi Rohingya’. Padjadjaran Journal of International Relations 2, no. 2 (2020): 158. https://doi.org/10.24198/padjir.v2i2.26770
  34. Katz, Andrea Scoseria. ‘The Lost Promise of Progressive Formalism’. Texas Law Review 99, no. 4 (2021): 679–742. https://search.informit.org/doi/10.3316/informit.T2024082700019790435740756
  35. Khaled, Abu Faisal Md. ‘Do No Harm in Refugee Humanitarian Aid: The Case of the Rohingya Humanitarian Response’. Journal of International Humanitarian Action 6, no. 1 (2021): 7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41018-021-00093-9
  36. Kipgen, Nehginpao. ‘Conflict in Rakhine State in Myanmar: Rohingya Muslims’ Conundrum’. Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs 33, no. 2 (2013): 298–310. https://doi.org/10.1080/13602004.2013.810117
  37. Kipgen, Nehginpao. ‘The Rohingya Crisis: The Centrality of Identity and Citizenship’. Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs 39, no. 1 (2019): 61–74. https://doi.org/10.1080/13602004.2019.1575019
  38. Kneebone, Susan. ‘Australia as a Powerbroker on Refugee Protection in Southeast Asia: The Relationship with Indonesia’. Refuge: Canada’s Journal on Refugees 33, no. 1 (2017): 29–41. https://doi.org/10.25071/1920-7336.40446
  39. Listriani, Sophia, Rosmawati, and M. Ya’kub Aiyub Kadir. ‘Toward a New Legal Framework for Settling Rohingya’s Refugee Crisis in Indonesia: A Lesson Learned from Aceh Province’. Atlantis Press 413, no. April 2018 (2020): 277–85. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200306.227
  40. Loescher, Gil, and James Milner. Protracted Refugee Situations: Domestic and International Security Implications. Routledge, 2013. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315020570
  41. Mahmood, Syed S., Emily Wroe, Arlan Fuller, and Jennifer Leaning. ‘The Rohingya People of Myanmar: Health, Human Rights, and Identity’. The Lancet 389, no. 10081 (2017): 1841–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00646-2
  42. Mawardi, Chalik, and Farah Hanum. ‘Policy on the Management of Rohingya Refugees in Aceh: State Sovereignty versus Justice?’ Journal of Law, Environmental and Justice 1, no. 2 (2023): 122–36. https://doi.org/10.62264/jlej.v1i2.7
  43. Md Shahin, Kabir, and Moyenul Hasan. ‘The Rohingya Refugee Crisis: Political and Humanitarian Perspectives’. Southeast Asia: A Multidisciplinary Journal 23, no. 3 (2023): 151–61. https://doi.org/10.1108/SEAMJ-05-2023-0041
  44. Messner, Nicole, Andrea Woods, Agnes Petty, et al. ‘Qualitative Evidence of Crimes Against Humanity: The August 2017 Attacks on the Rohingya in Northern Rakhine State, Myanmar’. Conflict and Health 13, no. 1 (2019): 41. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13031-019-0227-8
  45. Moran, Clare Frances. ‘Strengthening the Principle of Non-Refoulement’. The International Journal of Human Rights 25, no. 6 (2021): 1032–52. https://doi.org/10.1080/13642987.2020.1811690
  46. Neta, Yulia, Budiyono, and Ade Arif Firmansyah. ‘The Model of Local Regulation of the Human Rights Fulfillment Based on Progressive Law’. Jambura Law Review 3, no. Special issue (2021): 18–34. https://doi.org/10.33756/jlr.v3i0.7301
  47. Nguyen, Thi Anh Thu. ‘Refugee Protection in ASEAN: The Case of The Rohingya Refugee Crisis’. Griffith University, 2022. https://doi.org/10.25904/1912/4661
  48. Nordin, Rohaida, Norilyani Hj Md Nor, and Rosmainie Rofiee. ‘Ineffective Refugee Status Determination Process: Hindrance to Durable Solution for Refugees Rights and Protection’. Indonesia Law Review 11, no. 1 (n.d.): 73–91. https://doi.org/10.15742/ilrev.v11n1.687
  49. Nuruzzaman, Mohammed, and Abdul Wohab. ‘The Security Impact of the Rohingya Refugee Crisis on Bangladesh and Regional States: A Securitization Theoretical Perspective’. International Journal of Asian Studies, 2026, 1–21. Cambridge Core. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1479591426100709
  50. Ozkul, Derya, and Natalie Welfens. ‘UNHCR–State Relations: Transfer of Authority over Refugee Status Determination’. Journal of Refugee Studies 38, no. 1 (2025): 223–39. https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/feae080
  51. Rafa, Nazifa, Thi Tuong Van To, Mukesh Gupta, and Sayed Mohammad Nazim Uddin. ‘The Pursuit of Energy in Refugee Contexts: Discrimination, Displacement, and Humanitarian Energy Access for the Rohingya Refugees Displaced to Bangladesh’. Energy Research & Social Science 83 (2022): 102334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2021.102334
  52. Rahardjo, Satjipto. ‘Hukum Progresif: Hukum Yang Membebaskan’. Jurnal Hukum Progresif 1, no. 1 (2011): 1–24. https://doi.org/10.14710/hp.1.1.1-24
  53. Rahardjo, Satjipto. Membedah Hukum Progresif. Kompas, 2006
  54. Rahman, Malahayati, and Laila Muhammad Rasyid. ‘From International Protocol to Practice: Aceh’s Holistic Response to Rohingya Refugees’. Prawo I Więź 57, no. 4 (2025): 993–1023
  55. Rahman, Mohammad Sajedur, and Nurul Huda Sakib. ‘Statelessness, Forced Migration and the Security Dilemma along Borders: An Investigation of the Foreign Policy Stance of Bangladesh on the Rohingya Influx’. SN Social Sciences 1, no. 7 (2021): 160. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43545-021-00173-y
  56. Rausis, Frowin, Maud Bachelet, and Philipp Lutz. ‘UN Refugee Agencies: Vulnerable Funding Structures and a Looming Legitimacy Crisis’. Forced Migration Review, no. 74 (October 2024): 98–11. https://www.fmreview.org/financing-displacement-response/rausis-bachelet-lutz/
  57. Robbins, Lindsay. ‘The Rohingya Case in Aceh: Indonesia’s Role as a Destination for Refugees’. Towson University Journal of International Affairs LIII, no. 2 (2020): 1–15. https://wp.towson.edu/iajournal/articles/2010-2019/spring-2020/10535-2/
  58. Rocca, Bianca Della, Rosaria Bello, Marco Carbone, et al. ‘Promoting Mental Health and Preventing Mental Health Problems in Child and Adolescent Refugees and Asylum Seekers: A Systematic Review on Psychosocial Interventions’. International Journal of Social Psychiatry 70, no. 4 (2024): 653–66. https://doi.org/10.1177/00207640231214964
  59. Salehin, Mohammad Musfequs. ‘The Rohingya Crisis: Background on Myanmar, the Current Conflict, and Relevant Actors’. In Gendered Vulnerabilities and Violence in Forced Migration: The Rohingya from Myanmar, edited by Mohammad Musfequs Salehin. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-62435-3_3
  60. Salehin, Mohammad Musfequs, and Md. Aslam Hossain. ‘The Rohingya Dilemma: Exploring the Challenges of Local Integration in Bangladesh’. International Migration 63, no. 3 (2025): e70027. https://doi.org/10.1111/imig.70027
  61. Schwartz, Stephanie. ‘Refugee Return without Refoulement: Rethinking State Strategies to Evade Asylum Norms’. International Migration Review, 29 July 2025, 01979183251359175. https://doi.org/10.1177/01979183251359175
  62. Shukri, Shazwanis. ‘The Rohingya Refugee Crisis in Southeast Asia: ASEAN’s Role and Way Forward’. Journal of International Studies 17 (2021): 239–63. https://doi.org/10.32890/jis2021.17.10
  63. Sinaga, Kezia Marlinata, Charren Galuh Indaswari, Princess Ngozi Chika, and Aniqotul Ummah. ‘The Ethnic Rohingya Identity Crisis In Myanmar: Politicization Of Identity And Implications On Human Rights ’. ARRUS Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 4, no. 6 (2024): 729–37. https://doi.org/10.35877/soshum3421
  64. Sopamena, Chairussani Abbas. ‘Pengungsi Rohingya Dan Potensi Konflik & Kemajemukan Horizontal Di Aceh’. Caraka Prabu: Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan 7, no. 2 (2023): 85–115. https://doi.org/10.36859/jcp.v7i2.1927
  65. Sudrajat, Tedi, Baginda Khalid Hidayat Jati, and Chander Mohan Gupta. ‘Questioning Indonesia’s Role in Addressing Rohingya Refugees: A Legal, Humanitarian, and State Responsibility Perspective.’ Volksgeist: Jurnal Ilmu Hukurn Dan Konstitusi 7, no. 1 (2024): 1–19. https://doi.org/10.24090/volksgeist.v7i1.10506
  66. Susetyo, Heru, and Paul Chambers. ‘Repatriation for Rohingya Asylum Seekers in Indonesia: A Durable but Almost Impossible Solution’. Asian Affairs: An American Review 48, no. 1 (2020): 63–84. https://doi.org/10.1080/00927678.2020.1833414
  67. Suyastri, Cifebrima, Mohammad Thoriq Bahri, and Marhadi Marhadi. ‘Legal Gap in Refugee Protection in Non-Signatory Countries: An Evidence from Indonesia’. Danube 14, no. 3 (2023): 193–214. https://doi.org/10.2478/danb-2023-0012
  68. Tan, Nikolas Feith, and Thomas Gammeltoft-Hansen. ‘A Topographical Approach to Accountability for Human Rights Violations in Migration Control’. German Law Journal 21, no. 3 (2020): 335–54. Cambridge Core. https://doi.org/10.1017/glj.2020.31
  69. Thomas, Peter James Matthew, Sarah Rosenberg-Jansen, and Aimee Jenks. ‘Moving beyond Informal Action: Sustainable Energy and the Humanitarian Response System’. Journal of International Humanitarian Action 6, no. 1 (2021): 21. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41018-021-00102-x
  70. Tobing, Dio Herdiawan. ‘Connecting the Obligation Gap: Indonesia’s Non-Refoulement Responsibility Beyond the 1951 Refugee Convention’. Asian Journal of Law and Society 8, no. 3 (2021): 521–35. Cambridge Core. https://doi.org/10.1017/als.2021.7
  71. Uddin, Nasir. ‘Understanding “Refugee Resettlement” from Below: Decoding the Rohingya Refugees’ Lived Experience in Bangladesh’. World Development 181 (September 2024): 106654. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106654
  72. Ullah, A. K. M. Ahsan. ‘Rohingya Crisis in Myanmar: Seeking Justice for the “Stateless”’. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice 32, no. 3 (2016): 285–301. https://doi.org/10.1177/1043986216660811
  73. UNHCR. Annual Report on Refugee Assistance in Aceh. Geneva, 2021
  74. UNHCR. ‘UNHCR Report: Rohingya Refugees, Mostly Women and Children, Facing Deadlier Journeys in the Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea’. Unhcr.Org, 2021. https://www.unhcr.org/news/press-releases/unhcr-report-rohingya-refugees-mostly-women-and-children-facing-deadlier
  75. Vezzoli, Simona, Dorothea Hilhorst, Lhamo Meyer, and Jorrit Rijpma. ‘Refugee Protection in the Region: A Survey and Evaluation of Current Trends’. International Migration 61, no. 3 (2023): 196–209. https://doi.org/10.1111/imig.13031
  76. Ware, Anthony, and Costas Laoutides. Myanmar’s ‘Rohingya’ Conflict. Oxford University Press, 2018
  77. Yasmin, T, S. Dhesi, I. Kuznetsova, R. Cooper, S. Krause, and I. Lynch. ‘A System Approach to Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Resilience and Sustainability in Refugee Communities’. International Journal of Water Resources Development 39, no. 5 (2023): 691–723. https://doi.org/10.1080/07900627.2022.2131362
  78. Yunus, Firdaus, Siti Ikramatoun, Taslim Yasin, and Robby Abror. ‘Rejection of Rohingya in Aceh: The Role of Ulama and Tolerance in Acehnese Society’. Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun 13, no. 3 (2025): 1669–92. https://doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v13i3.1589
  79. Zieck, Marjoleine. ‘The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)’. In A Handbook on Post-1956 Hungarian Refugee Relief: From Local Crisis to Global Impact, edited by Gusztáv D. Kecskés and Tamás Scheibner. De Gruyter Oldenbourg, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111316178-005

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update: 2026-05-12 16:44:13

No citation recorded.