slot depo 1k

slot gacor

demo slot

slot

slot gacor

slot gacor

sbobet

mahjong ways

slot depo 5k

sbobet

mariatogel88

gaspol777

Kongbet268

HKG999

menara88

kongbet268

777w

rp55

888R

SL999

GG999

SL88

8II

RP99

RK88

KONGBET268

slot depo 5k

spaceman

mahjong ways 2

pg soft

sbobet


DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jhp.13.2.385-416

ORIGINALITY, AUTHORSHIP, AND GENERATIVE AI: RETHINKING INDONESIAN COPYRIGHT LAW

*Ninik Zakiyah orcid scopus  -  Faculty of Sharia and Law, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia
Try Hardyanthi orcid  -  Doctoral School of Law, Faculty of Law, University of Pécs, Hungary
Noor Kholifah Hidayati orcid  -  Faculty of Law, Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto, Indonesia
Yusuf Ahmad Tri Utomo  -  Master of Laws, Graduate Program, Universitas Semarang, Indonesia

Citation Format:
Abstract

Generative Artificial Intelligence (Generative AI) has fundamentally transformed the landscape of creative production by enabling the rapid generation of texts, images, music, and other expressive works. This development poses significant challenges to the traditional foundations of Indonesian copyright law, particularly under Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright, which is grounded in an anthropocentric understanding of authorship and originality. This research examines how Indonesian copyright doctrine addresses the originality of AI-generated works, the legal status of their creators, and the broader implications of such works for the intellectual property system and the creative economy. Using doctrinal legal research, the study applies statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. It analyzes relevant provisions of Indonesian copyright law, explores core concepts such as independent creation, the minimum modicum of creativity, derivative works, and public domain status, and compares regulatory developments in the United States, the European Union, and the United Kingdom. The study finds that AI-generated outputs, in their raw and autonomous form, generally fail to satisfy the originality requirement because they do not sufficiently reflect human intellectual choice and creative judgment. In the Indonesian legal context, AI cannot be recognized as a legal subject or author, since copyright law grants moral and economic rights exclusively to human creators. This research argues that copyright protection should remain grounded in meaningful human creative contribution. Accordingly, outputs generated entirely by AI without substantial human modification should be placed in the public domain, while protection may only attach to human-authored post-production elements or highly creative, iterative forms of prompting. The study also emphasizes the urgency of adaptive regulation through disclosure obligations, AIGC labeling, and digital watermarking to ensure legal certainty and transparency. Ultimately, maintaining the human-centered philosophy of copyright while accommodating technological innovation offers the most coherent framework for protecting creativity and sustaining the Indonesian creative economy in the age of Generative AI.

Fulltext View|Download Email colleagues
Keywords: Generative AI; Indonesian Copyright Law; Originality of Works; Human Creativity; Creative Technology Regulation

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Articles
Language : EN
Most cited articles
Hukum Progresif: Hukum yang Membebaskan Arsenal Hukum Progresif Pembangunan Hukum Negara dalam Masyarakat Multikultural: Perspektif Hukum Progresif More cited articles
  1. Abbott, Ryan, and Elizabeth Rothman. “Disrupting Creativity: Copyright Law in the Age of Generative Artificial Intelligence.” Florida Law Review 75, no. 6 (2023): 1141–202. https://www.floridalawreview.com/article/91299-disrupting-creativity-copyright-law-in-the-age-of-generative-artificial-intelligence
  2. Ahnaf, M. Imam. “Status Hukum Kepemilikan Hak Cipta Atas Karya Yang Diciptakan Oleh AI Berdasarkan UU Hak Cipta.” In Thesis. Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, 2025. http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/76660/
  3. Al-Busaidi, Adil S., Raghu Raman, Laurie Hughes, et al. “Redefining Boundaries in Innovation and Knowledge Domains: Investigating the Impact of Generative Artificial Intelligence on Copyright and Intellectual Property Rights.” Journal of Innovation and Knowledge 9, no. 4 (2024): 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2024.100630
  4. Al-kfairy, Mousa, Dheya Mustafa, Nir Kshetri, Mazen Insiew, and Omar Alfandi. “Ethical Challenges and Solutions of Generative AI: An Interdisciplinary Perspective.” Informatics 11, no. 3 (2024): 58. https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics11030058
  5. Andrini, Laurensia. “Redesigning Indonesia Copyright Act to Accommodate Autonomous Intelligent System: Status Quo and Room for Improvement.” Asian Journal of Law and Economics 9, no. 3 (2018): 20180013. https://doi.org/doi: 10.1515/ajle-2018-0013
  6. Arifin, Ahmad, Ajmal Nazirul Mubiin, Bagus Adek Setyanto, and Ikhwan Aulia Fatahillah. “Analisis Yuridis Hak Cipta Kepada User Atas Karya Hasil Generative Artificial Intelligence Di Indonesia.” At-Tanwir Law Review 5, no. 2 (2025): 412–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31314/atlarev.v5i2.4504
  7. Aronov, Ansagan, and Sara Idrysheva. “Copyright Protection on Works Generated by Artificial Intelligence.” Science and Innovation 21, no. 1 (2025): 112–24. https://doi.org/10.15407/scine21.01.112
  8. Bangsawan, Gema. “Kebijakan Akselerasi Transformasi Digital Di Indonesia: Peluang Dan Tantangan Untuk Pengembangan Ekonomi Kreatif.” Jurnal Studi Kebijakan Publik 2, no. 1 (2023): 27–40. https://doi.org/10.21787/jskp.2.2023.27-40
  9. Budi Jaya, Indra, and Riska Rahmawati. “Perlindungan Hukum Karya Cipta Derivtaif Yang Dibuat Dengan Artificial Inteligence (AI).” Jurnal Rechten : Riset Hukum Dan Hak Asasi Manusia 6, no. 3 (2024): 23–32. https://doi.org/10.52005/rechten.v6i3.209
  10. Chesterman, Simon. “Good Models Borrow, Great Models Steal: Intellectual Property Rights and Generative AI.” Policy and Society 44, no. 1 (2025): 23–37. https://doi.org/10.1093/polsoc/puae006
  11. Clarke, Roger. “Principles for the Responsible Application of Generative AI.” Computer Law & Security Review 57, no. May (2025): 106131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2025.106131
  12. Elmahjub, Ezieddin. “The Algorithmic Muse and the Public Domain: Why Copyright’s Legal Philosophy Precludes Protection for Generative AI Outputs.” Computer Law & Security Review 58 (September 2025): 106170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2025.106170
  13. Eshraghian, Jason K. “Human Ownership of Artificial Creativity.” Nature Machine Intelligence 2, no. 3 (2020): 157–60. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42256-020-0161-x
  14. Fallah, Sapta Nur. “Perlindungan Hukum Kepemilikan dan Hak Cipta atas Konten Digital di Era Ekonomi Kreatif.” Prosiding Seminar Nasional Indonesia 3, no. 2 (2025): 148–57. https://sociohum.net/index.php/PROSIDINGNASIOANAL/article/view/113
  15. Farhad, Mohsin Ali, and Muhammad Hamza Zakir. “Adapting Legal Horizons in Reshaping Intellectual Property Law for the Artificial Intelligence Revolution.” AI and Ethics 5, no. 3 (2025): 2307–21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-024-00555-x
  16. Feliu, Vicenc. “Our Brains Beguil’d: Copyright Protection for AI Created Works.” Intellectual Property and Technology Law Journal 25 (2020): 105–26. https://scholars.nova.edu/en/publications/our-brains-beguild-copyright-protection-for-ai-created-works/
  17. Fenwick, Mark, and Paulius Jurcys. “Originality and the Future of Copyright in an Age of Generative AI.” Computer Law & Security Review 51 (November 2023): 105892. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2023.105892
  18. Frosio, Giancarlo. “Should We Ban Generative AI, Incentivize It or Make It a Medium for Inclusive Creativity?” In A Research Agenda for EU Copyright Law. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781803927329.00010
  19. Gaffar, Hafiz, and Saleh Albarashdi. “Copyright Protection for AI-Generated Works: Exploring Originality and Ownership in a Digital Landscape.” Asian Journal of International Law 15, no. 1 (2025): 23–46. https://doi.org/10.1017/S2044251323000735
  20. Gaidartzi, Anthi, and Irini Stamatoudi. “Authorship and Ownership Issues Raised by AI-Generated Works: A Comparative Analysis.” Laws 14, no. 4 (2025): 57. https://doi.org/10.3390/laws14040057
  21. Garcia, Manuel B. “The Paradox of Artificial Creativity: Challenges and Opportunities of Generative AI Artistry.” Creativity Research Journal 37, no. 4 (2025): 755–68. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2024.2354622
  22. Gema, Ari Juliano. “Masalah Penggunaan Ciptaan Sebagai Data Masukan Dalam Pengembangan Artificial Intelligence Di Indonesia.” Technology and Economics Law Journal 1, no. 1 (2022): 1–18. https://doi.org/10.21143/telj.vol1.no1.1000
  23. Gillotte, Jessica L. “Copyright Infringement in AI-Generated Artworks.” UC Davis Law Review 53, no. 5 (2020): 2655–92. https://lawreview.law.ucdavis.edu/archives/53/5/copyright-infringement-ai-generated-artworks
  24. Ginsburg, Jane C. “People Not Machines: Authorship and What It Means in International Copyright Law.” In Across Intellectual Property: Essays in Honour of Sam Ricketson, edited by Graeme W. Austin, Andrew F. Christie, Andrew T. Kenyon, and Megan Richardson. Cambridge University Press, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108750066.009
  25. Ginsburg, Jane C. “People Not Machines: Authorship and What It Means in the Berne Convention.” IIC International Review of Intellectual Property and Competition Law 49, no. 2 (2018): 131–35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40319-018-0670-x
  26. Ginsburg, Jane C., and Luke Ali Budiardjo. “Authors and Machines.” Berkeley Technology Law Journal 34, no. 2 (2019): 343–86. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3233885
  27. Gordon-Tapiero, Ayelet. “Unreal and Unjust: An Enrichment-Based Approach to the Deepfake Dilemma.” Journal of Tort Law 18, no. 2 (2025): 493–513. https://doi.org/doi: 10.1515/jtl-2025-0031
  28. Guadamuz, Andrés. “Artificial Intelligence and Copyright.” WIPO Magazine, 2017. https://www.wipo.int/en/web/wipo-magazine/articles/artificial-intelligence-and-copyright-40141
  29. Guadamuz, Andres. “Do Androids Dream of Electric Copyright?: Comparative Analysis of Originality in Artificial Intelligence Generated Works.” In Artificial Intelligence and Intellectual Property, edited by Jyh-An Lee, Reto Hilty, and Kung-Chung Liu. Oxford University Press, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198870944.003.0008
  30. Hanifa, Ahmad Sholihin, and Ayudya Febriyanti. “Peran AI Terhadap Industri Kreatif Indonesia.” Journal of Comprehensive Science 2, no. 7 (2023): 2159–70. https://doi.org/10.59188/jcs.v2i7.446
  31. Hartanto, Michael Phrigyan, Fernandi Mahendrasusila, Petrus Maxmiliano, and Benaya Azareel Oentoro. “Perdebatan Hak Cipta Atas Karya Kecerdasan Buatan (AI): Menuju Kerangka Hukum Adaptif Yang Mendukung Inovasi Teknologi.” PERAHU (Penerangan Hukum) Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 13, no. 1 (2025): 198–204. https://doi.org/10.51826/perahu.v13i1
  32. He, Ran, Jie Cao, and Tieniu Tan. “Generative Artificial Intelligence: A Historical Perspective.” National Science Review 12, no. 5 (2025): nwaf050. https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwaf050
  33. Hilliard, Airlie, Ayesha Gulley, Emre Kazim, and Adriano Soares Koshiyama. “Artificial Intelligence Policy Worldwide: A Comparative Analysis.” Royal Society Open Science 13, no. 2 (2026): 242234. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.242234
  34. Hugenholtz, P. Bernt, and Pedro João Quintais. “Copyright and Artificial Creation : Does EU Copyright Law Protect AI-Assisted Output ?” IIC International Review of Intellectual Property and Competition Law 52 (2021): 1190–216. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40319-021-01115-0
  35. Iaia, Vincenzo. “The Elephant in the Room of EU Copyright Originality: Time to Unpack and Harmonize the Essential Requirement of Copyright.” The Journal of World Intellectual Property 28, no. 2 (2025): 471–90. https://doi.org/10.1111/jwip.12343
  36. Kahveci, Zeynep Ülkü. “Attribution Problem of Generative AI: A View from US Copyright Law.” Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 18, no. 11 (2023): 796–807. https://doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpad076
  37. Kanbach, Dominik K., Louisa Heiduk, Georg Blueher, Maximilian Schreiter, and Alexander Lahmann. “The GenAI Is Out of the Bottle: Generative Artificial Intelligence from a Business Model Innovation Perspective.” Review of Managerial Science 18, no. 4 (2024): 1189–220. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-023-00696-z
  38. Kim, Kyungsuk. “Korean Copyright Issues in Text Data Mining for Generative AI.” Journal of AI Law and Regulation 1, no. 1 (2024): 64–76. https://doi.org/10.21552/aire/2024/1/8
  39. Krakowski, Sebastian. “Human-AI Agency in the Age of Generative AI.” Information and Organization 35, no. 1 (2025): 100560. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infoandorg.2025.100560
  40. Lamerichs, Nicolle. “The Next Wave in Participatory Culture: Mixing Human and Nonhuman Entities in Creative Practices and Fandom, In The Future of Fandom.” Transformative Works and Cultures Special 10, no. 28 (2018). https://doi.org/10.3983/twc.2018.1501
  41. Latifatunnisa, Raihani, Ahmad M. Ramli, and Ranti Fauza Mayana. “Pemanfaatan Musik Buatan AI Melalui Deepfake: Studi Hukum Komparatif Indonesia Dan Amerika Serikat.” JIPRO : Journal of Intellectual Property 7, no. 2 (2024): 188–211. https://doi.org/10.20885/jipro.vol7.iss2.art5
  42. Li, Fan, Ya Yang, and Guoming Yu. “Nudging Perceived Credibility: The Impact of AIGC Labeling on User Distinction of AI-Generated Content.” Emerging Media 3, no. 2 (2025): 275–304. https://doi.org/10.1177/27523543251317572
  43. Li, Jian, Xintong Cai, and Le Cheng. “Legal Regulation of Generative AI: A Multidimensional Construction.” International Journal of Legal Discourse 8, no. 2 (2023): 365–88. https://doi.org/doi: 10.1515/ijld-2023-2017
  44. Liu, Wei, and Weijie Huang. “Authorship in Human-AI Collaborative Creation: A Creative Control Theory Perspective.” Computer Law & Security Review 57, no. April (2025): 106139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2025.106139
  45. Löbling, Lisa, Christian Handschigl, Kai Hofmann, and Jan Schwedhelm. “Navigating the Legal Landscape: Technical Implementation of Copyright Reservations for Text and Data Mining in the Era of AI Language Models.” Journal of Intellectual Property, Information Technology and E-Commerce Law (JIPITEC) 14, no. 4 (2024): 499–509. https://www.jipitec.eu/jipitec/article/view/16
  46. Lowell, Nathan Seth. “AI Create: The Brave New World and Copyright Implications of AI-Generated Artwork.” Virginia Journal of Law & Technology 28, no. 1 (2024): 1–50. https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5e793709295d7b60295b2d29/t/679d6a7b662a284dafdb8e62/1738369672329/28+Va.+J.L.+%26+Tech+2+%282025%29+Final
  47. Lu, Yiheng. “Reforming Copyright Law for AI-Generated Content: Copyright Protection, Authorship and Ownership.” Technology and Regulation 2025 (2025): 81–95. https://doi.org/10.71265/chkr8w30
  48. Lucchi, Nicola. “ChatGPT: A Case Study on Copyright Challenges for Generative Artificial Intelligence Systems.” European Journal of Risk Regulation 15, no. 3 (2024): 602–24. Cambridge Core. https://doi.org/10.1017/err.2023.59
  49. Maddusila, Sitti Fatimah, Agus Lanini, and Andi Intan Purnamasari. “AI Revolution: The Legal Battle Between Indonesia and the European Union to Protect Copyright from Artificial Intelligence.” Hasanuddin Law Review 11, no. 3 (2025): 366–90. https://doi.org/10.20956/halrev.v11i3.6499
  50. Mammen, Christian, Michael Collyer, Ron A. Dolin, et al. “Creativity, Artificial Intelligence, and the Requirement of Human Authors and Inventors in Copyright and Patent Law.” University of Oxford, July 5, 2024. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:fe716d1e-e0bd-4b64-95b8-af149f040caa
  51. Manteghi, Maryna. “Can Text and Data Mining Exceptions and Synthetic Data Training Mitigate Copyright-Related Concerns in Generative AI?” Law, Innovation and Technology 16, no. 2 (2024): 663–86. https://doi.org/10.1080/17579961.2024.2392928
  52. Margoni, Thomas, and Martin Kretschmer. “A Deeper Look into the EU Text and Data Mining Exceptions: Harmonisation, Data Ownership, and the Future of Technology.” GRUR International 71, no. 8 (2022): 685–701. https://doi.org/10.1093/grurint/ikac054
  53. Mazzi, Francesca. “Authorship in Artificial Intelligence-Generated Works: Exploring Originality in Text Prompts and Artificial Intelligence Outputs Through Philosophical Foundations of Copyright and Collage Protection.” The Journal of World Intellectual Property 27, no. 3 (2024): 410–27. https://doi.org/10.1111/jwip.12310
  54. Menell, Peter S. “Governance of Intellectual Resources and Disintegration of Intellectual Property in the Digital Age.” Berkeley Technology Law Journal 26, no. 4 (2011): 1523–59. https://www.law.berkeley.edu/center-article/governance-of-intellectual-resources-and-disintegration-of-intellectual-property-in-the-digital-age/
  55. Murray, Michael D. “Tools Do Not Create: Human Authorship In the Use of Generative Artificial Intelligence.” Case Western Reserve Journal of Law, Technology and the Internet 15, no. 1 (2024): 76–105. https://scholarlycommons.law.case.edu/jolti/vol15/iss1/3/
  56. Nurjannah, Alifah. “Legal Regulation of Copyright of Works Created by Artificial Intelligence Creative Economy Actors.” Annual Review of Legal Studies 1, no. 3 (2024): 641–62. https://doi.org/10.15294/arls.vol1i3.4084
  57. Palace, Victor M. “What If Artificial Intelligence Wrote This: Artificial Intelligence and Copyright Law.” Florida Law Review 71, no. 1 (2019): 217–41. https://scholarship.law.ufl.edu/flr/vol71/iss1/5/
  58. Panjaitan, Hulman, Andrew Betlehn, Tomson Situmeang, Md Zubair Kasem Khan, and Mahadi Hasan Miraz. “Music Copyright Protection in the Digital Era: Legal Framework and Strategies for Enforcement.” Jurnal Hukum Unissula 40, no. 2 (2024): 235–57. https://doi.org/10.26532/jh.v40i2.40525
  59. Praja, Chrisna Bagus Edhita, Budi Agus Riswandi, Sri Wartini, Hary Abdul Hakim, and Gerald Antang Espares. “Authorship and Ownership of AI-Generated Works in Indonesia: A Doctrinal and Comparative Review.” Jurnal Media Hukum 32, no. 1 (2025): 151–70. https://doi.org/10.18196/jmh.v32i1.25383
  60. Quang, Jenny. “Does Training AI Violate Copyright Law?” Berkeley Technology Law Journal 36, no. 4 (2021): 1407–36. https://doi.org/10.15779/Z38XW47X3K
  61. Ramos-Zaga, Fernando A. “Reconceptualizing Human Authorship in the Age of Generative AI: A Normative Framework for Copyright Thresholds.” Laws 14, no. 6 (2025): 84. https://doi.org/10.3390/laws14060084
  62. Rezon, Arnold, Yehezkiel Montolalu, Hendri Kenuwiarja, and Fajar Sugianto. “Studi Komparasi Hak Cipta Atas Proses Data Scrapping AI Di Indonesia, Uni Eropa, Dan Amerika.” Anthology: Inside Intellectual Property Rights 3, no. 1 (2025): 249. https://ojs.uph.edu/index.php/Anthology/article/view/9815
  63. Rosati, Eleonora. “Originality as a Policy Tool: Shaping the Breadth of Protection: Full Harmonization Through Case Law.” In Originality in EU Copyright : Full Harmonization through Case Law. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2013. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781782548942.00012
  64. Sag, Matthew. “Copyright Safety for Generative AI.” Houston Law Review 61, no. 2 (2023): 295–348. https://houstonlawreview.org/article/92126-copyright-safety-for-generative-ai
  65. Samuelson, Pamela. “Allocating Ownership Rights in Computer-Generated Works.” University of Pittsburgh Law Review 47 (1986): 1185–228. https://lawcat.berkeley.edu/record/1112407?v=pdf
  66. Schlesinger, Philip. “Whither the Creative Economy? Some Reflections on the European Case.” In Research Handbook on Intellectual Property and Creative Industries. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2018. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781786431172.00009
  67. Selvadurai, Niloufer, and Rita Matulionyte. “Reconsidering Creativity: Copyright Protection for Works Generated Using Artificial Intelligence.” Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 15, no. 7 (2020): 536–43. https://doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpaa062
  68. Shumakova, Natalia I., Jordan J. Lloyd, and Elena V Titova. “Towards Legal Regulations of Generative AI in the Creative Industry.” Journal of Digital Technologies and Law 1, no. 4 (2023): 880–908. https://doi.org/10.21202/jdtiL2023.38
  69. Storey, Veda C., Wei Thoo Yue, J. Leon Zhao, and Roman Lukyanenko. “Generative Artificial Intelligence: Evolving Technology, Growing Societal Impact, and Opportunities for Information Systems Research.” Information Systems Frontiers 27, no. 5 (2025): 2081–102. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-025-10581-7
  70. Subagiyo, Dwi Tatak, and Hari Wibisono. “The Urgency of Artificial Intelligence Regulation from a Joint Authorship Perspective on Copyright Infringement.” Indonesia Private Law Review 5, no. 2 (2024): 135–56. https://doi.org/10.25041/iplr.v5i2.3962
  71. Syufa’at. “Pembajakan Karya Di Bidang Hak Cipta: Telaah Integratif Hukum Islam Dan Undang-Undang RI Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 Tentang Hak Cipta.” Al-Manahij: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam 13, no. 1 (2019): 49–63. https://doi.org/10.24090/mnh.v0i1.2215
  72. Tambunan, Yonathan Ariel Alexander, and Dewa Ayu Dian Sawitri. “Implikasi Kekosongan Hukum Terhadap Kecerdasan Buatan Sebagai Pelanggar Kekayaan Intelektual Terhadap Karya Digital.” Jurnal Kertha Wicara 15, no. 04 (2025): 191–204. https://ejournal4.unud.ac.id/index.php/wicara/article/view/40
  73. Thambaiya, Nirogini, Kanchana Kariyawasam, and Chamila Talagala. “Copyright Law in the Age of AI: Analysing the AI-Generated Works and Copyright Challenges in Australia.” International Review of Law, Computers & Technology 39, no. 3 (2025): 448–73. https://doi.org/10.1080/13600869.2025.2486893
  74. Thongmeensuk, Saliltorn. “Rethinking Copyright Exceptions in the Era of Generative AI: Balancing Innovation and Intellectual Property Protection.” The Journal of World Intellectual Property 27, no. 2 (2024): 278–95. https://doi.org/10.1111/jwip.12301
  75. Tyagi, Kalpana. “Copyright, Text & Data Mining and the Innovation Dimension of Generative AI.” Journal of Intellectual Property Law and Practice 19, no. 7 (2024): 557–70. https://doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpae028
  76. Wang, Xukang, and Ying Cheng Wu. “Balancing Innovation and Regulation in the Age of Generative Artificial Intelligence.” Journal of Information Policy 14 (July 2024): 385–416. https://doi.org/10.5325/jinfopoli.14.2024.0012
  77. Yanisky-Ravid, Shlomit. “Generating Rembrandt: Artificial Intelligence, Copyright, and Accountability in The 3A Era-The Human-Like Authors Are Already Here-A New Model.” Michigan State Law Review, no. 659 (2017): 659-726. https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/faculty_scholarship/956/
  78. Yanisky-Ravid, Shlomit, and Luis Antonio Velez- Hernandez. “Copyrightability of Artworks Produced by Creative Robots and Originality: The Formality-Objective Model.” Minnesota Journal of Law, Science and Technology 19, no. 1 (2018): 1–52. https://scholarship.law.umn.edu/mjlst/vol19/iss1/1/

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update: 2026-04-19 20:16:54

No citation recorded.