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Pengaruh Dosis Terhadap Efektifitas Vaksin POM Vibrio alginolyticus 74 kDa pada Ikan Kerapu Macan Epinephelus fuscoguttatus

1Study Program Aquaculture, Fisheries Departement, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Diponegoro University. Jl. Hayam Wuruk no 4A Semarang. Telp/Fax: (024) 8311525. , Indonesia

2E-mail: Desrina.desrina@alumni.undip.ac.id, Indonesia

3Brackishwater Aquaculture Development Centre. Jl. Pemandian Kartini PO BOX 1 Jepara, Indonesia

4 Marine Science Departement, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Diponegoro University Tembalang Campus, Semarang, Indonesia

5 Study Program Aquaculture, Fisheries Departement, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Diponegoro University. Jl. Hayam Wuruk no 4A Semarang. Telp/Fax: (024) 8311525, Indonesia

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Received: 12 Feb 2012; Published: 12 Feb 2012.

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Abstract

Vibrio alginolyticus adalah bakteri patogen penyebab penyakit vibriosis pada ikan kerapu budidaya di Indonesia. Vaksin Protein Outer Membran (POM) V. alginolyticus telah terbukti imunogenik pada ikan kerapu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh dosis vaksin  terhadap kemampuan POM V. alginolyticus 74 kDa dalam merangsang kerja sistem kekebalan spesifik ikan dan menentukan efek dosis terhadap perlindungan yang dihasilkan. POM(74 kDa) diisolasi dengan metoda sonikasi dan SDS-PAGE, dan dimurnikan dengan metoda elektroelusi. Vaksin diberikan dengan metoda suntik intraperitoneal ke ikan kerapu ukuran 8-10 cm (berat 1013 g) dengan dosis 0 (kontrol), 5, 10 dan 15 µg/0, 1 ml PBS/ 10 g ikan (n= 30 ekor/dosis).  Ikan kontrol disuntik dengan 0,1 ml PBS steril. Satu minggu kemudian ikan disuntik booster dengan cara dan dosis yang sama.  Dua  minggu  setelah  booster  dilakukan  uji  tantang  dengan  dengan  menyuntikkan  bakteri  Vibrio alginolyticus 8 secara intramuskular dengan dosis 0,1 ml X 109 sel/ml, dan ikan dipelihara selama 2 minggu. Jumlah ikan yang mati selama masa uji tantang dihitung untuk menentukan Relative Percentage Survival (RPS). Titer antibodi diukur sebelum percobaan dan setiap minggu selama penelitian. Ke 3 dosis yang diberikan efektif dalam merangsang respon kekebalan humoral ikan kerapu dan menghasilkan kekebalan yang melindungi yang hampir sama yang terlihat dari nilai RPS untuk dosis 5, 10 dan 15 µg masing masing 72, 87 dan 72%.

Kata kunci: vaksin POM,  kerapu, dosis

 

Vibrio alginolyticus is a causative agent of  vibriosis of cultured grouper in Indonesia.  It has been reported  that the Outer Membrane Protein (OMP) of V. alginolyticus vaccine was immunogenic on grouper.  Vaccine dose is important in determining the ability of vaccine to conferred protective immunity. The objectives of the present research was to determine effect of vaccine doses on (1)  the specific immune response of grouper and (2) conferring protective immunity of grouper. OMP V. alginolyticus (74 kDa) was isolated by sonication and SDSPAGE, and purified by mean  electroelution. Vaccine was delivered by intraperitoneal injection to grouper juvenile (8 - 10 cm long  and  weigh10 - 13 g) in three doses;  0 (kontrol), 5, 10 dan 15 µg/0, 1 ml PBS/ fish (n= 30 fish/ dose).  Control fish were injected with 0,1 ml sterile PBS steril. One week later, booster  was given in the same manner as the primary vaccination. Two weeks following booster (week 4), fish were challenge with  V. alginolyticus 8 by intramuscular injection (0,1 ml X 109 sel/ml) and fish were maintained for two weeks. Fish mortality pos challenge test was counted to calcualte the Relative Percentage Survival (RPS). Antibodi titer was measured before vaccination and weekly for 4 week. All three doses tested were effective to  trigger the specific immune response of grouper dan conferred protective immunity with similar degree as shown by the RPS for dose 5, 10 dan 15 µg were 72, 87 dan 72% respectively.

Key words: vaccine, OMP, grouper, dose.

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