Biodiversitas Krustasea (Decapoda, Brachyura, Macrura) dari Ekspedisi Perairan Kendari 2011 (Biodiversity of Crustacean (Decapoda, Brachyura, Macrura) from Kendari Waters Expedition 2011)

Abstract

Walaupun wilayah laut dan pesisir sangat penting untuk kehidupan rakyat dan bangsa Indonesia, secara nyata perairan Kendari belum digarap secara optimal, terutama kondisi dan potensi perikanan, khususnya kepadatan dan keanekaragaman krustasea. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan dan mengidentifikasi potensi sumber daya laut di pulau-pulau kecil disekitar perairan Kendari. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara koleksi bebas menyusuri mangrove. Data yang diambil dari penelitian ini adalah data krustacea non ekomomis dan ekonomis serta data pendukung  lingkungan (suhu, pH dan salinitas). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan parameter lingkungan di beberapa lokasi masih relatif baik untuk kehidupan krustasea di daerah mangrove. Diperoleh 377 individu, 15  jenis, 12 famili dan 1 ordo individu krustasea. Kepadatan krustasea di setiap lokasi berbeda-beda. Indeks keanekaragaman (1,121-3,744) dan indeks keseragaman (0.360-0.610) termasuk sedang, yang menggambarkan bahwa penyebaran individu relatif sama serta indeks dominansi pada penelitian ini termasuk tinggi (0,190-0,620). Dengan diperolehnya data keanekaragaman krustasea di perairan Kendari sudah sepatutnya harus lebih dicermati lagi kondisi lingkungan dan keberadaan krustasea secara periodik karena krustasea merupakan salah satu rantai makanan yang juga penting di dalam ekosistem pesisir.

Kata kunci: Krustasea, keanekaragaman, mangrove, perairan Kendari

Although the marine and coastal areas are very important for the life of the people and nation of Indonesia, Kendari waters significantly have not worked optimally, especially the condition and potential of fisheries, particularly the density and diversity of crustaceans. This study aims to reveal and identify the potential of marine resources in small islands around the waters of Kendari. Research carried out by way of free collection along the mangrove. Data from this study are from non economical, economical crustaceans and environmental data (temperature, pH and salinity) as well as to supporting the environmental. The results shows several areas of environmental parameters is still relatively good for the life of crustaceans in mangrove areas. Provided 377 individuals, 15 species, 12 families and 1 order of individual krustaseans. Krustasean densities at each location is different. Diversity index (1.121-3.744) and Similarity index (0,360-0,610) catagories in medium grade, which illustrates that the spread of crustacea is relatively the same. Index of dominance in this study was high (0.190-0.620). By obtaining data of  diversity crustaceans in the waters of Kendari, should be more rutiny and  should have been more better protecting the environmental conditions and also the presence of crustaceans periodically because crustaceans are one of the food chain are also important in the coastal ecosystem.

Key words: Crustaceans, diversity, mangrove forests, waters Kendari