Pengaruh Perbedaan Konsentrasi Ekstrak Sargassum sp. dan Lama Penyimpanan terhadap Oksidasi Lemak pada Fillet Ikan Patin (Pangasius sp.)

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Ikan patin merupakan ikan air tawar yang mengandung lemak dan protein tinggi sehingga apabila dilakukan penyimpanan rentan terjadi oksidasi yang mengakibatkan ketengikan. Sargassum sp. dengan kandungan fenol dan flavonoid mampu menghambat terjadinya oksidasi pada fillet ikan patin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan ekstrak Sargassum sp. dan lama penyimpanan dalam menghambat terjadinya oksidasi pada fillet ikan patin. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah ekstrak Sargassum sp. dan fillet ikan patin. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah experimental laboratories dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial dengan 2 faktor yaitu konsentrasi ekstrak Sargassum sp. (0%, 1%, 1,5% dan 2%) dan lama penyimpanan (hari ke-0, hari ke-2, hari ke-4, dan hari ke-6. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan penambahan konsentrasi ekstrak Sargassum sp. dan lama penyimpanan memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap nilai PV, nilai TBA, kadar lemak, kadar protein, kadar air serta organoleptik (P < 0,05). Hasil penelitian tahap I didapatkan rendemen Sargassum sp. dengan pelarut etanol 96% sebesar 1,39%, kandungan fenol 1,813%, flavonoid 0,278% dan aktivitas antioksidan 99,1659 ppm (kuat). Hasil penelitian tahap II didapatkan nilai PV berkisar antara 2,03 - 19,82 meq/kg, nilai TBA 0,63 - 6,72 mg.mal/kg. Konsentrasi 1,5% merupakan konsentrasi terbaik ekstrak Sargassum sp. dalam menghambat oksidasi lemak pada fillet ikan patin selama penyimpanan.

Kata kunci: Antioksidan, Ekstrak Sargassum sp., Lama Penyimpanan, Oksidasi lemak, Fillet Ikan patin

ABSTRACT

Catfish is a freshwater fish that contain high fat and protein so that if its stored it will susceptible to oxidation process which leads to rancidity. Sargassum sp. with its phenolic and flavonoid content are able to inhibit the oxidation process in catfish fillet. This research was aimed to know the effects of different concentrations of Sargassum sp. extracts and storage time in inhibiting the oxidation process in catfish fillet. The materials used in this research were Sargassum sp. extracts and catfish fillet. This research was using experimental laboratories research method with factorial Completely Randomized Research Design (CRD) of 2 factors which were concentrations of Sargassum sp. extracts (0%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2%) and storage time (0 day, 2 days, 4 days, and 6 days). The results showed that the adding of different concentrations of Sargassum sp. extracts and storage time gave significant effect to the PV value, TBA value, fat content, protein content, moisture content, as well as organoleptic point (P < 0.05). The results obtained from stage I research were the yields of Sargassum sp. with ethanol 96% solvent was 1.39%, phenol content was 1.813%, flavonoid was 0.278%, and antioxidant activity was 99.1659 ppm (categorized as strong antioxidant). The results obtained from stage II research were the PV value were ranged from 2.03 to 19.82 meq/kg, TBA value were ranged from 0.63 to 6.72 mg.mal/kg. The 1.5% concentration was the best concentration of Sargassum sp. extracts in inhibiting the lipid oxidation of catfish fillet during storage.

Keywords: Antioxidant, Sargassum sp. Extracts, Storage Time, Lipid Oxidation, Catfish Fillet

Citation: Hidayati, F., Darmanto, Y.S. dan Romadhon. (2017). Pengaruh Perbedaan Konsentrasi Ekstrak Sargassum sp. dan Lama Penyimpanan terhadap Oksidasi Lemak pada Fillet Ikan Patin (Pangasius sp.). Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan, 15(1), 64-73, doi:10.14710/jil.15.1.64-73