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Analisis Kualitas Air Sungai Guna Menentukan Peruntukan Ditinjau Dari Aspek Lingkungan

1Program Magister Ilmu Lingkungan Universitas Diponegoro Semarang, Indonesia

2Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro Semarang, Indonesia

3Jurusan Teknik Lingkungan, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro Semarang, Indonesia

Received: 23 Apr 2017; Published: 23 Apr 2017.
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Abstract

ABSTRAK

Sungai Kupang adalah salah satu sungai yang mengalir di Kota Pekalongan yang menerima limbah, baik dari industri, pertanian maupun domestik, Perkembangan industri dan pemukiman di sepanjang aliran sungai Kupang telah mempengaruhi kualitas air sungai. Penurunan kualitas air ditandai dengan perubahan warna air dan bau padahal sebahagian masyarakat di pinggiran sungai masih memanfaatkan air Sungai Kupang untuk kebutuhan sehari-hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kualitas air sungai Kupang berdasarkan baku mutu kualitas air sungai menurut PP Nomor 82 Tahun 2001, menghitung beban pencemar Sungai Kupang dan menentukan Status Mutu Air serta merekomendasi upaya pengelolaan kualitas air Sungai Kupang Pekalongan. Pengukuran kualitas air dilakukan pada 6 titik pengambilan sampel. Parameter yang diukur dan diamati adalah parameter Temperatur, TSS, pH, DO, BOD, COD, Kromium dan Phosphat. Untuk analisis Status mutu air Sungai Kupang dengan menggunakan metode indeks pencemaran dan daya tampung beban pencemaran dengan menggunakan metode Qual2Kw. Hasil penelitian pada kualitas air Sungai Kupang menunjukkan parameter  COD di beberapa titik telah melebihi baku mutu. Sedangkan untuk parameter BOD di semua titik telah melebihi baku mutu yang dipersyaratkan. Nilai konsentrasi BOD terendah adalah sebesar 5,75 mg/l, sedangkan nilai BOD tertinggi sebesar 27 mg/l. Kandungan BOD meningkat diduga karena sepanjang aliran sungai yang di mulai dari hulu hingga hilir banyak menerima limbah buangan, sementara berdasarkan status mutu air menunjukkan penurunan kualitas air dari hulu sampai ke hilir sungai, dimana pada bagian hilir telah tercemar ringan. Dan untuk hasil perhitungan beban pencemaran Sungai Kupang dari hulu ke hilir mengalami peningkatan, untuk beban pencemaran konsentrasi TSS adalah sebesar 20.670,334 kg/hari, sedangkan konsentrasi COD adalah sebesar 16.517,777 kg/hari, dan konsentrasi BOD yaitu sebesar 6.618,643 kg/hari.

Kata kunci: Water Quality, Pollution Load, Kupang River

 

ABSTRACT

Sungai Kupang is one of the rivers that flow in Pekalongan city that receives the waste, both from industrial, agricultural and domestic, industrial and residential development along the river Kupang have affected the quality of river water. Water quality degradation characterized by changes in water color and odor when sebahagian riverside communities still use river water Kupang for everyday needs. This study aimed to analyze the water quality of the river Kupang based on river water quality standards in accordance with Regulation No. 82 of 2001, calculating the pollutant load Sungai Kupang and determine Air Quality Status and recommend management measures Pekalongan Kupang River water quality. Water quality measurements performed at 6 sampling points. Parameters measured and observed are the parameters of temperature, TSS, pH, DO, BOD, COD, chromium and Phosphate. For the analysis of the water quality of Sungai Kupang status using the pollution index and pollution load capacity using Qual2Kw.

The results of research on water quality of Sungai Kupang shows COD parameter at some point has exceeded the standard quality. As for the parameters BOD at all points have exceeded the quality standards required. BOD value is the lowest concentration of 5.75 mg / l, while the highest value of BOD of 27 mg / l. The content of BOD increased presumably because the watershed is in from upstream to downstream received many waste dumps, while based on the status of water quality showed a decrease in water quality from upstream to downstream, which in part has been lightly polluted downstream. And also for the calculation of pollution loads Kupang River from upstream to downstream has increased, to the pollution load of TSS concentration amounted 20670.334 kg / day, while the COD concentration is equal to 16517.777 kg / day, and the BOD concentration is equal to 6618.643 kg /day.

Keywords:  Water Quality, Pollution Load, Kupang River

Cara sitasi: Pohan, D. A. S., Budiyono, Syafrudin. (2016). Analisis Kualitas Air Sungai Guna Menentukan Peruntukan Ditinjau dari Aspek Lingkungan di Sungai Kupang Kota Pekalongan. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan,14(2),63-71, doi:10.14710/jil.14.2.63-71

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