DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jil.23.4.923-936

Pemanfaatan Penginderaan Jauh untuk Monitoring Dinamika Spasiotemporal Kesehatan Ekosistem Mangrove di Segara Anakan, Cilacap, Jawa Tengah

Fakultas Geografi Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Indonesia

Received: 4 Jul 2024; Revised: 8 Oct 2024; Accepted: 4 Jul 2025; Available online: 25 Jul 2025; Published: 31 Jul 2025.
Editor(s): Budi Warsito

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Abstract
Mangrove Segara Anakan merupakan salah satu ekosistem mangrove terluas di Pulau Jawa yang memiliki manfaat secara ekologi dan ekonomi. Pemanfaaatan ekosistem mangrove mendorong meningkatnya aktifitas manusia yang menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan luas ekosistem mangrove. Adanya aktivitas manusia dan perubahan lingkungan alami dapat menyebabkan degradasi yang pada akhirnya akan mempengaruhi kondisi kesehatan ekosistem mangrove. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yakni memetakan perubahan sebaran keberadaan dan kesehatan ekosistem mangrove di Segara Anakan, Kabupaten Cilacap pada tahun 2018 dan 2023. Sebaran ekosistem mangrove dimodelkan dengan metode klasifikasi Support Vector Machine (SVM). Uji akurasi dengan metode confussion matrix dilakukan pada hasil model SVM. Kesehatan ekosistem mangrove didekati dengan metode Mangrove Health Index (MHI) menggunakan empat indeks vegetasi yakni NBR, GCI, SIPI, dan ARVI. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan luasan ekosistem mangrove mengalami penurunan 883,28 Ha pada rentang tahun 2018-2023. Penurunan disebabkan karena adanya sedimentasi sungai dan perubahan lahan mangrove menjadi tambak. Kondisi kesehatan ekosistem mangrove tahun 2018 dan 2023 didominasi oleh kondisi kesehatan hutan mangrove sedang  dengan luas 6.765,52 Ha pada tahun 2018 dan 5.058,36 Ha tahun 2023. Perubahan kesehatan ekosistem mangrove menjadi sangat baik banyak terjadi pada wilayah dekat Kota Cilacap dimana terdapat aktivitas konservasi dan rehabilitasi yang dilakukan oleh komunitas bersinergi dengan perusahaan dan pemerintah setempat.
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Keywords: Support Vector Machine; Mangrove Health Index; Sentinel 2A; Segara Anakan; Sistem Informasi Geografis
Funding: Majelis Diktilitbang PP Muhammadiyah under contract 0258.010/I.3/D/2024

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