DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jil.23.4.1140-1148

Biomonitoring Kesehatan Ekosistem Sungai Menggunakan Serangga Akuatik di Sungai Bedog, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

1The Graduate School of Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia, Indonesia

2Fakultas Biologi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia

3Fakultas Geologi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia

Received: 9 Jan 2025; Revised: 13 Jul 2025; Accepted: 13 Jul 2025; Available online: 25 Jul 2025; Published: 31 Jul 2025.
Editor(s): Budi Warsito

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Abstract

Aktivitas manusia, seperti urbanisasi, pertanian, dan deforestasi, secara signifikan mengubah lanskap di sekitar aliran sungai yang menyebabkan kerusakan lingkungan fisik sungai, seperti perubahan kualitas air dan hilangnya vegetasi riparian. Perubahan lahan untuk pengembangan wilayah perkotaan yang terjadi disekitar Sungai Bedog telah membawa dampak yang signifikan terhadap kesehatan ekosistem sungai tersebut. Salah satu cara untuk mengevaluasi kualitas perairan adalah menggunakan bioindikator sebagai pemantauan kualitas air (biomonitoring). Biomonitoring kesehatan ekosistem sungai dapat dilakukan melalui analisis tingkat toleransi terhadap kehadiran beberapa famili serangga akuatik tertentu dan berfungsi untuk menilai kualitas air dan kesehatan ekosistem perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat kelimpahan, keanekaragaman, dan peran serangga akuatik yang ditemukan serta penilaian kualitas air Sungai Bedog berdasarkan analisis HBI. Metode yang digunakan yaitu analisis Indeks Kelimpahan Margalef (Dmg), Indeks keanekaragaman Simpson (D1), Indeks kemerataan jenis Simpson (ED2), dan Indeks kesamaan jenis Jaccard (Sj) serta analisis Hilsenhoff Biotic Index (HBI). Hasil analisis menujukkan bahwa tingkat kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman tinggi serta peran serangga akuatik yang ditemukan yaitu sebagai Herbivor, Karnivor, Detrivor, dan Predator. Analisis kualitas air dan kesehatan sungai menggunakan metode Hilsenhoff biotic index (HBI) di Sungai Bedog tergolong baik hingga sangat baik di beberapa stasiun pengamatan.

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Keywords: Sungai Bedog; Serangga Akuatik; Kualitas Air; Hilsenhoff biotic index (HBI)

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