Faktor-Faktor Lingkungan Fisik Rumah Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Pneumonia Pada Balita Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pangandaran Kabupaten Ciamis

Abstract

Background : Based on the Profile of Ciamis District Health Department in 2010, pneumococcal disease is a
sequence of infectious disease in children is quite hight, still in the top ten of outpatient clinicmost diseases,
whereas in the working area of Pangandaran health center in 2011 there were 61 cases of pneumococcal disease
(1.56%). The case is suspected to the condition of the physical environment of the house where children live.
Therefore, the research was done in order to analyze factors of house physical environment on pneumonia
occurrence in children under 5 years.
Methods : This study was an observational research with a case control design. The research subjects consisted
of case groups and control groups, with each sample of 46 people. Research variables consisted of wall type, floor
type, ventilation condition of the house, ventilation condition of the bedrooms, house occupancy density, the
separation of a toddler’s bedroom, bedroom occupancy density, the location of the kitchen, the lighting conditions
in the house, temperature, humidity kind of, cooking fuel, the dangers rank of smoking, the practice of using of
mosquito coils. Data were collected through interviews and observation. The research data were analyzed by
univariate, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression.
Result : Bivariate analysis results obtained information that there were three variables that have an association
with the occurrence of pneumonia in toddlers, but according to a multivariate analysis known that there was a
dominant variable that was lighting conditions in the house with Odds Rasio 21,875; 95% CI 4,353 to109,933.
Conclusion : . This study concluded that the physical condition of the house still needs improvements, especially
to achieve that required condition needs, ventilation improvement both in house and in the bedroom.

Key words : Pneumonia, toddler, house’s physical environment, Ciamis.