DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jkli.68391

Hubungan Faktor Lingkungan, Perilaku Patuh Minum Obat dengan Kejadian Filariasis di Kabupaten Sarmi Papua

1Program Studi Doktor Kesehatan Masyarakat, Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia

2Program Studi Ilmu Kesehatan masyarakat, Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Cenderawasih, Papua, Indonesia

Open Access Copyright 2025 Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

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Abstract

Latar belakang: Data Kasus Filariasis (lama dan baru) di Kabupaten Sarmi Provinsi Papua 23,53% pada tahun 2023, Dua faktor besar yang mempengaruhi kejadian filariasis yaitu faktor lingkungan dan perilaku, Kabupaten Sarmi melaporkan Cakupan obat filariasis tahun 2023 sebanyak 96%, yang patuh minum obat sebesar 71,02%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi keterkaitan antara faktor lingkungan dan kepatuhan minum obat terhadap kejadian filariasis.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional analitik dengan pendekatan case control. Subjek terdiri atas 68 kasus dan 68 kontrol. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dan observasi langsung. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan uji Chi-square dan regresi logistik untuk mengetahui prediktor kejadian dengan taraf signifikansi 0,05.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan genangan air di sekitar rumah (p= 0,001; OR 4,643), keberadaan semak semak (p= 0,008; OR= 3,073), keberadaaan rawa-rawa (p= 0,021; OR= 2,713); menggunakan pakaian panjang saat aktivitas malam hari (p= 0,0001; OR= 5,827), penggunaan kelambu (p= 0,0001; OR= 8,065) dan kepatuhan minum obat (p= 0,001; OR= 3,468) merupakan faktor lingkungan dan perilaku merupakan faktor risiko kejadian filariaris. Individu dengan kombinasi faktor tersebut berisiko 16,85 kali lebih besar mengalami filariasis dibandingkan mereka yang tidak terpapar faktor risiko.

Simpulan: Faktor lingkungan dan perilaku yang berkaitan dengan kepatuhan minum obat memiliki kontribusi signifikan terhadap kejadian filariasis di Kabupaten Sarmi.

 

ABSTRACT

The Relationship of Environmental Factors, Medication Adherence Behavior, and the Incidence of Filariasis in Sarmi Regency, Papua

Background: The incidence of filariasis cases (both old and new) in Sarmi District, Papua Province, reached 23.53% in 2023. Two major factors influencing the occurrence of filariasis are environmental and behavioral factors. In 2023, Sarmi District reported a filariasis treatment coverage of 96%, with 71.02% of the population adhering to medication intake. This study aimed to examine the relationship between environmental conditions, medication adherence, and the incidence of filariasis.

Method: This study applied an analytical observational approach with a case-control design. The participants included 68 individuals in the case group and 68 in the control group. Data collection was conducted through structured interviews and direct field observations. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square tests and logistic regression with a significance level set at 0.05 to determine risk predictors.

Results: The study found that environmental factors such as water puddles around the house (p=0.001; OR=4.643), presence of bushes (p=0.008; OR=3.073), and swampy areas (p=0.021; OR=2.713), as well as behavioral factors such as not wearing long clothing during nighttime activities (p=0.0001; OR=5.827), not using bed nets (p=0.0001; OR=8.065), and poor medication adherence (p=0.001; OR=3.468) were significantly associated with filariasis incidence. Individuals exposed to a combination of these risk factors were 16.85 times more likely to develop filariasis than those not exposed.

Conclusion: Environmental and behavioral factors, particularly those associated with medication adherence play an important role in the incidence of filariasis in Sarmi District.

 

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Keywords: Faktor Lingkungan; Perilaku; Filariasis; Sarmi
Funding: Lembaga Pengelola Dana Pendidikan (LPDP)

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Section: Research Articles
Language : ID
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