DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jkli.80368

Identifikasi Keberadaan Mikroplastik Pada Udang (Metapenaeus Affinis) Di Perairan Desa Dendun Kabupaten Bintan

1Poltekkes Kemenkes Tanjungpinang, Jl. Arif Rahman Hakim No.1, Kota Tanjungpinang, Propinsi Kepulauan Riau , Indonesia

2Poltekkes Kemenkes Bengkulu, Indonesia

Open Access Copyright 2026 Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

Citation Format:
Abstract

Latar belakang : Sampah plastik merupakan ancaman serius bagi lingkungan laut, di mana Indonesia menjadi penyumbang terbesar kedua di dunia, dan partikelnya terdegradasi menjadi mikroplastik (<5 mm) yang mencemari biota perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keberadaan mikroplastik pada udang (Metapenaeus affinis) di perairan Pulau Dendun, Kabupaten Bintan, sebagai indikator awal kontaminasi, mengingat udang merupakan organisme filter feeder yang rentan menelan partikel tersebut, diperparah oleh kebiasaan masyarakat setempat yang membuang limbah langsung ke laut.

Metode : Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Poltekkes Kemenkes Tanjungpinang pada tahun 2025 menggunakan metode NOAA, melibatkan 30 ekor udang yang diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Sampel dipreparasi dengan pengambilan saluran pencernaan, diekstraksi, dan diamati di bawah mikroskop stereo.

Hasil : Hasil menunjukkan bahwa seluruh sampel udang positif mengandung mikroplastik, dengan total 182 partikel atau rata-rata 6 partikel per individu, didominasi oleh bentuk fiber, fragmen, film, dan pelet. Kontaminasi ini diduga kuat bersumber dari aktivitas antropogenik (limbah rumah tangga dan perikanan).

Simpulan : Penelitian ini menegaskan adanya tingkat kontaminasi yang tinggi dan mendesak perlunya pengelolaan sampah yang lebih baik, pengurangan plastik sekali pakai, dan edukasi masyarakat di Pulau Dendun untuk melindungi sumber daya perikanan dan kesehatan publik.

 

ABSTRACT

Title: Identification of Microplastics in Shrimps (Metapenaeus affinis) in the Waters around Dendun Village, Bintan Regency

Background : Plastic waste poses a serious threat to the marine environment, with Indonesia being the second-largest contributor globally, and its particles degrading into microplastics (<5 mm) that contaminate aquatic biota. This study aims to analyze the presence of microplastics in Metapenaeus affinis shrimp in the waters of Pulau Dendun, Bintan Regency, as an early indicator of contamination, given that shrimp are filter feeder organisms susceptible to ingesting these particles, compounded by the local community's habit of disposing waste directly into the sea.

Method : The research was conducted at the Poltekkes Kemenkes Tanjungpinang Laboratory in 2025 using the NOAA method, involving 30 individual shrimp collected using a purposive sampling technique. Samples were prepared by extracting the digestive tracts, followed by extraction, filtration, and observation under a stereo microscope.

Result : Results showed that all shrimp samples were positive for microplastic content, with a total of 182 particles found, or an average of 6 particles per individual, dominated by the shapes of fiber, fragments, film, and pellets. This contamination is strongly suspected to originate from anthropogenic activities (household waste and fishing activity waste).

Conclusion : This study confirms the high level of contamination and underscores the urgent need for improved waste management, a reduction in single-use plastics, and public education on Dendun Island to protect fishery resources and public health.

Note: This article has supplementary file(s).

Fulltext View|Download |  Turnitin
Turnitin
Subject
Type Turnitin
  Download (4MB)    Indexing metadata
 CTA
Copyrigh Transfer Agreement
Subject
Type CTA
  Download (238KB)    Indexing metadata
 ES
Ethical Statement
Subject
Type ES
  Download (372KB)    Indexing metadata
Email colleagues
Keywords: Mikroplastik; Metapenaeus affinis; Filter feeder; Perairan

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Research Articles
Language : ID
Most cited articles
Pajanan Debu Terhirup dan Gangguan Fungsi Paru Pada Pekerja Industri Batu Kapur (Studi Di Desa Mrisi Kecamatan Tanggungharjo Kabupaten Grobogan) Pengaruh Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Sikap Ibu terhadap Penyakit Kecacingan Pada Balita Analisis Risiko Kesehatan dan Kadar Timbal Dalam Darah: (Studi Pada Masyarakat yang Mengkonsumsi Tiram Bakau (Crassostrea gigas) di Sungai Tapak Kecamatan Tugu Kota Semarang) Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Keracunan Merkuri Pada Penambang Emas Tradisional di Desa Jendi Kecamatan Selogiri Kabupaten Wonogiri Faktor Risiko Lingkungan Fisik Rumah dan Karakteristik Wilayah Sebagai Determinan Kejadian Penyakit Tuberkulosis Paru di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sentani Kabupaten Jayapura Provinsi Papua More cited articles
  1. INAPLAS. Ministry Of Marine Affairs And Fisheries. 2022. Biodiversity Of Indonesian Coral Reefs
  2. Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan (KLHK). Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan Sampah Nasional (SIPSN). 2024. Data Timbulan Sampah Nasional Tahun 2024. Available from: https://sipsn.kemenlh.go.id/sipsn
  3. Putra MNA, Zahrani NA, Zahra TA, Bella BC, Hariyadi AG, Fadhila DS, et al. Sampah Plastik sebagai Ancaman terhadap Lingkungan. J Ilmu Pendidikan, Polit dan Sos Indones. 2025;2(1):154–65. https://doi.org/10.62383/aktivisme.v2i1.725
  4. Rijal, Annisa, Firda. Kontaminasi Mikroplastik (MPs) Pada Ikan di Indonesia. Pros Semin Nas Biol [Internet]. 2021;9:237–44. Available from: https://proceeding.unnes.ac.id/semnasbiologi/article/view/758.
  5. Baharuddin A, Asran, M. Ikhtiar S. Spasial Analisis Mikroplastik dengan Metode FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared) Pada Feses Petani Kerang Hijau. J Kesehat. 2023;6(3):331–43. https://doi.org/10.33096/woh.vi.1108
  6. Tuhumury N, Ritonga A. Identifikasi Keberadaan Dan Jenis Mikroplastik Pada Kerang Darah (Anadara Granosa) Di Perairan Tanjung Tiram, Teluk Ambon. Trit J Manaj Sumberd Perair. 2020;16(1):1–7. https://doi.org/10.33096/woh.vi.1108
  7. Mardiyana M, Kristiningsih A. Dampak Pencemaran Mikroplastik di Ekosistem Laut terhadap Zooplankton : Review. J Pengendali Pencemaran Lingkung. 2020;2(1):29–36. https://doi.org/10.35970/jppl.v2i1.147
  8. Rahim NF, Yaqin K, Rukminasari N. EFFECT OF MICROPLASTIC ON GREEN MUSSEL Perna viridis: EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH. J Ilmu Kelaut SPERMONDE. 2020;5(2):89. https://doi.org/10.20956/jiks.v5i2.8937
  9. Dodson GZ, Shotorban AK, Hatcher PG, Waggoner DC, Ghosal S, Noffke N. Microplastic fragment and fiber contamination of beach sediments from selected sites in Virginia and North Carolina, USA. Mar Pollut Bull [Internet]. 2020;151(October 2019):110869. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110869
  10. Subakti EI, Maulana I, Junaedi AS, Farid A. Pengelolaan Limbah Mikroplastik pada Udang dan Ikan di Segmen Hilir Sungai Brantas. Cakrawala J Litbang Kebijak. 2022;16(2):141–53. https://doi.org/10.32781/cakrawala.v16i2.495
  11. Febriani IS, Amin B, Fauzi M. Distribusi mikroplastik di perairan Pulau Bengkalis Kabupaten Bengkalis Provinsi Riau. J Ilmu-Ilmu Perairan, Pesisir dan Perikan. 2020;9(3):386–92. https://doi.org/10.13170/depik.9.3.17387
  12. Hiwari H, Purba NP, Ihsan YN, Yuliadi LPS, Mulyani PG. Kondisi sampah mikroplastik di permukaan air laut sekitar Kupang dan Rote , Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur Condition of microplastic garbage in sea surface water at around Kupang and Rote , East Nusa Tenggara Province. Masy Biodiversitas Indones. 2019;5(2):165–71. https://doi.org/10.13057/psnmbi/m050204
  13. Chairrany B, Mahmiah, Sa’adah N. Identifikasi Mikroplastik pada Udang Litopenaeus vannamei di Perairan Gunung Anyar Surabaya. Environ Pollut J. 2021;1(1):24–33. https://doi.org/10.58954/epj.v1i1.4
  14. Oktafira RG, Hamdani H, Pamungkas W, Rudyansyah Ismail M. Microplastics Identification on the Digestive Track Crustacea From Pangandaran Waters, West Java. Journals Glob Sci [Internet]. 2021;9(3):1765–73. Available from: www.globalscientificjournal.com
  15. Masura J, Baker J, Foster G, Arthur C. Laboratory methods for the analysis of microplastics in the marine environment [Internet]. NOAA Marine Debris Program National. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS-OR&R-48; 2015. 1–31 p. Available from: https://marinedebris.noaa.gov/sites/default/files/publications-files/noaa_microplastics_methods_manual.pdf
  16. Hafidz MK. Identifikasi Mikroplastik Udang Putih (Penaeus Indicus) di Muara Sungai Barito Kota Banjarmasin Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Environ Pollut J. 2024;4(1):972–6. https://doi.org/10.58954/epj.v1i1.4
  17. Adawiyah R, Prasedya ES, Candri DA. Isolation and Analysis of Microplastics in Vaname Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei Boone, 1931) at Tanjung Luar Fish Landing Base, East Lombok Regency. J Biol Trop. 2024;24(4):157–64. https://doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v24i4.7567
  18. Yona D, Maharani MD, Cordova MR, Elvania Y, Dharmawan IWE. Analisis Mikroplastik Di Insang Dan Saluran Pencernaan Ikan Karang Di Tiga Pulau Kecil Dan Terluar Papua, Indonesia: Kajian Awal. J Ilmu dan Teknol Kelaut Trop. 2020;12(2):497–507. https://doi.org/10.29244/jitkt.v12i2.25971
  19. Pratiwi AI, Umroh, Hudatwi M. Analisis Kelimpahan Mikroplastik Pada Ikan Yang Didaratkan Di Pantai Rebo Kabupaten Bangka. J Perikan. 2024;13(3):621–33. https://doi.org/10.29303/jp.v13i3.601
  20. Nur Fitria S, Anggraeni V, Wahyuni Abida I, Salam Junaedi A. Identifikasi Mikroplastik pada Gastropoda dan Udang di Sungai Brantas. Environ Pollut J. 2021;1(2):159–66. https://doi.org/10.58954/epj.v1i2.16
  21. Rebelein A, Int-Veen I, Kammann U, Scharsack JP. Microplastic fiberunderestimated threat to aquatic organisms? Sci Total Environ. 2021;10(777):146045. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146045
  22. Azizah P, Ridlo A, Suryono CA. Mikroplastik pada Sedimen di Pantai Kartini Kabupaten Jepara Jawa Tengah. J Mar Res. 2020;9(3):326–32. https://doi.org/10.14710/jmr.v9i3.28197
  23. Sandra SW, Radityaningrum AD. Kajian Kelimpahan Mikroplastik di Biota Perairan. J Ilmu Lingkung. 2021;19(3):638–48. https://doi.org/10.14710/jil.19.3
  24. Haji ATS, Rahadi B, Firdausi NT. Analisis Kelimpahan Mikroplastik Pada Air Permukaan di Sungai Metro, Malang. J Sumberd Alam dan Lingkung. 2021;8(2):74–84. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jsal.2021.008.02.3
  25. Yoswaty D, Feliatra, Amin B, Nursyirwani, Mardalisa, Zientika, et al. Identification of microplastic waste in sea water, sediment in the sea waters of Dumai City, Riau Province. IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci. 2021;674(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/674/1/012113
  26. Aprilianti R, Rahmawati K, Alaika Rahmatullah M, Fatkhul Akbar I, Muzammil MI, Alfin Pamungkas A. Studi Awal Identifikasi Mikroplastik pada Udang Segmen Hulu dan Tengah Kali Surabaya. Environ Pollut J. 2021;1(1):1–14. https://doi.org/10.58954/epj.v1i1.2
  27. Marrone A, La Russa MF, Randazzo L, La Russa D, Cellini E, Pellegrino D. Microplastics in the center of mediterranean: Comparison of the two calabrian coasts and distribution from coastal areas to the open sea. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(20). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010712
  28. Pertiwi PR, Mahmudi M, Pramudia Z, Kurniawan A. Analysis of Microplastic in water and Biofilm Matrices in Lahor Reservoirs, east Java, Indonesia. J Exp Life Sci. 2022;12(2):55–61. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jels.2022.012.02.03
  29. Zhao J, Ran W, Teng J, Liu Y, Liu H, Yin X, et al. Microplastic pollution in sediments from the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea, China. Sci Total Env. 2018;640–641(1):637–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.346
  30. Zhang H. Transport of microplastics in coastal seas. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci. 2017;199:74–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2017.09.032
  31. Bour A, Hossain S, Taylor M, Sumner M, Carney Almroth B. Synthetic Microfiber and Microbead Exposure and Retention Time in Model Aquatic Species Under Different Exposure Scenarios. Front Environ Sci. 2020;8(June):1–10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2020.00083
  32. Browne MA, Underwood AJ, Chapman MG, Williams R, Thompson RC, Van Franeker JA. Linking effects of anthropogenic debris to ecological impacts. Proc R Soc B Biol Sci. 2015;282(1807). https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.2929
  33. Rathore C, Saha M, Gupta P, Kumar M, Naik A, Boer J de. Standardization of micro-FTIR methods and applicability for the detection and identification of microplastics in environmental matrices. Sci Total Environ. 2023;888(164157). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164157
  34. Kozloski R, Cowger W, Arienzo MM. Moving toward automated µFTIR spectra matching for microplastic identification : addressing false identifications and improving accuracy. Microplastics and Nanoplastics [Internet]. 2024;5. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s43591-024-00106-5.

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update: 2026-08-30 08:59:07

No citation recorded.