Universitas Dian Nuswantoro, Indonesia
BibTex Citation Data :
@article{KIRYOKU76195, author = {Alif Hafidz Putra Prayitno and Bayu Aryanto}, title = {Analisis Multidimensi Chikan (Pelecehan Seksual) di Transportasi Kereta Api Tokyo: Menelusuri Faktor Lingkungan, Sosial-Budaya, dan Hukum}, journal = {KIRYOKU}, volume = {10}, number = {1}, year = {2026}, keywords = {Chikan; Sexual Harassment; Train Transportation; Tokyo; Transportation Culture}, abstract = { This study aims to holistically analyze the Chikan phenomenon in Tokyo's train transportation by identifying multidimensional driving factors and evaluating the effectiveness of existing countermeasures. The research employs a Mixed Methods approach with a Convergent Parallel design, where quantitative and qualitative data are collected simultaneously and integrated through cross-validation. Findings reveal that the issue is driven by the dynamic interaction of environmental factors such as extreme physical congestion providing anonymity, socio-cultural factors including stigma that leads to low reporting rates of approximately 80%, legal challenges in providing proof, and psychological factors related to frotteurism among perpetrators. The study concludes that one-dimensional technical solutions, such as Women-Only Cars, are insufficient to fully eradicate the culture of harassment as they only serve as short-term symptom management. Consequently, an integrated approach encompassing legal reform, anti-stigma social education, and clinical rehabilitation for perpetrators is necessary to address the root causes sustainably. }, issn = {2581-0960}, pages = {184--195} doi = {10.14710/kiryoku.v10i1.184-195}, url = {https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/kiryoku/article/view/76195} }
Refworks Citation Data :
This study aims to holistically analyze the Chikan phenomenon in Tokyo's train transportation by identifying multidimensional driving factors and evaluating the effectiveness of existing countermeasures. The research employs a Mixed Methods approach with a Convergent Parallel design, where quantitative and qualitative data are collected simultaneously and integrated through cross-validation. Findings reveal that the issue is driven by the dynamic interaction of environmental factors such as extreme physical congestion providing anonymity, socio-cultural factors including stigma that leads to low reporting rates of approximately 80%, legal challenges in providing proof, and psychological factors related to frotteurism among perpetrators. The study concludes that one-dimensional technical solutions, such as Women-Only Cars, are insufficient to fully eradicate the culture of harassment as they only serve as short-term symptom management. Consequently, an integrated approach encompassing legal reform, anti-stigma social education, and clinical rehabilitation for perpetrators is necessary to address the root causes sustainably.
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