DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/nmjn.v12i1.41780

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Breast Cancer Education through Two Virtual Methods for Increasing Knowledge in Nurses

*Forouzandeh Jannat orcid  -  Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran, Islamic Republic of
Sadaf Alipour orcid  -  Breast Disease Research Center (BDRC), Iran, Islamic Republic of
Fariba Noori  -  Department of Nursing, Arash Women’s Hospital, Tehran University of medical Sciences, Iran, Islamic Republic of
Somayeh Ansari  -  Department of Nursing, Arash Women’s Hospital, Tehran University of medical Sciences, Iran, Islamic Republic of
Tahereh Ashtab  -  Department of Nursing, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of medical Sciences, Iran, Islamic Republic of
Amirhossein Eskandari orcid  -  Ministry of health and Medical Education, Iran, Islamic Republic of
Sepehr Boroumand Sani  -  Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medicine, Iran, Islamic Republic of
Marzieh Orouji orcid  -  Department of Nursing, Arash Women’s Hospital, Tehran University of medical Sciences, Iran, Islamic Republic of
Donya Goodarzi  -  Department of Nursing, Arash Women’s Hospital, Tehran University of medical Sciences, Iran, Islamic Republic of
Fatemeh Dousti Amshaki orcid  -  Department of Nursing, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of medical Sciences, Iran, Islamic Republic of
Open Access Copyright (c) 2022 Nurse Media Journal of Nursing
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Citation Format:
Abstract

Background: Virtual education today is about to become one of the most important educational methods in nursing. However, there have been few studies that have examined the effectiveness of virtual education to increase knowledge towards breast cancer among nurses in Iran.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the knowledge towards breast cancer among nurses who were provided with two different methods of virtual training.    

Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted among 182 nurses in two hospitals in Tehran, Iran, who were randomly selected and divided into two groups of 91 nurses. Participants of the first group got virtual training about breast cancer in two sessions within two weeks by Skyroom. In the second group, the content was sent as educational messages by WhatsApp within two weeks. Participants’ knowledge in both groups was measured using valid and reliable questionnaires developed by the researchers as a pretest and three posttests, and the satisfaction of the participants was also measured. To analyze the data, analysis of variance, standard deviation, t-test and Tukey test were performed.

Results: According to the average score observed in the post-test period, the score of the WhatsApp group was 7.62, significantly higher than the Skyroom group of 6.25. The scores of the three post-test were higher than the pre-test in the two groups (with no significant difference between the two groups, p-value = 0.825 in the first post-test), but the scores declined from the first to third tests, showing a decline in the learning effect with time. However, the slope was gentler in the WhatsApp group, showing a more persistent learning effect.

Conclusion: This study showed that teaching with educational messages through WhatsApp had a greater impact on the sustainability of learning than teaching via lecturing through Skyroom.
Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: Breast cancer; education, effectiveness; virtual learning; nurses

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Articles
Language : EN
Recent articles
Emotion Regulation and Self-Injury Status among Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study Coronaphobia and Coping among the Bereaved: The Mediating Role of Gardening during the Covid-19 Pandemic Nursing Students’ Perception of the Educational Environment in a Public University in Ahvaz, Iran: A Study Based on DREEM Questionnaire Editorial Back Matter Editorial Front Matter More recent articles
Most cited articles
Complementary Therapies Used Among Adult Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Aceh, Indonesia Relationships between Triage Knowledge, Training, Working Experiences and Triage Skills among Emergency Nurses in East Java, Indonesia Caring Science within Islamic Contexts: A Literature Review Review: Public Health Nurses’ Roles and Competencies in Disaster Management STUDI FENOMENOLOGI: PENGALAMAN MENYUSUI EKSKLUSIF IBU BEKERJA DI WILAYAH KENDAL JAWA TENGAH More cited articles
  1. Akbari, A., & Gabdulhakov, R. (2019). Platform surveillance and resistance in Iran and Russia: The case of telegram. Surveillance & Society, 17(1/2), 223-231
  2. Andreoli, T., & Cecil, R. (2007). Blood diseases and cancer (M. Jafari M, Trans; A. Firoz-Abadi, Eds). Tehran: Andisheh Rafi
  3. Alanzi, T., Bah, S., Alzahrani, S., Alshammari, S., & Almunsef, F. (2018). Evaluation of a mobile social networking application for improving diabetes type 2 knowledge: An intervention study using WhatsApp. Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research, 7(09), 891-899. https://doi.org/10.2217/cer-2018-0028
  4. Atoum, M., & Alzoughool, F. (2017). Vitamin D and breast cancer: Latest evidence and future steps. Breast Cancer: Basic and Clinical Research, 11, 1178223417749816. https://doi.org/10.1177/1178223417749816
  5. Attai, D. J., Cowher, M. S., Al-Hamadani, M., Schoger, J. M., Staley, A. C., & Landercasper, J. (2015). Twitter social media is an effective tool for breast cancer patient education and support: patient-reported outcomes by survey. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 17(7), e4721. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.4721
  6. Blasiak, J., Pawlowska, E., Chojnacki, J., Szczepanska, J., Fila, M., & Chojnacki, C. (2020). Vitamin D in triple-negative and BRCA1-deficient breast cancer—implications for pathogenesis and therapy. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(10), 3670. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21103670
  7. Cetinkaya, L. (2017). The impact of WhatsApp use on success in education process. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 18(7). https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v18i7.3279
  8. Coleman, E., & O’Connor, E. (2019). The role of WhatsApp® in medical education; A scoping review and instructional design model. BMC Medical Education, 19(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-019-1706-8
  9. Delavar, S., & Ghorbani, M. (2011). The role of virtual training on the students creative learning in universities of Bojnourd, northeast Iran. Interdisciplinary Journal of Virtual Learning in Medical Sciences, 2(3), 17-27
  10. Döbrössy, B., Girasek, E., Susánszky, A., Koncz, Z., Győrffy, Z., & Bognár, V. K. (2020). “Clicks, likes, shares and comments” A systematic review of breast cancer screening discourse in social media. PloS One, 15(4), e0231422. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231422
  11. Eghtedar, S., Moghadasyan, S., Ebrahimi, H., & Haydari, S. (2012). Assessment of quality of life and supportive care in women with. Advances in Nursing & Midwifery, 21(75), 33-40
  12. Faramarzi, A., Jahromi, M. G., Ashourzadeh, S., & Jalilian, N. (2021). Metastatic and pathophysiological characteristics of breast cancer with emphasis on hereditary factors. Central Asian Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Innovation, 1(3), 104-113. https://doi.org/10.22034/CAJMPSI.2021.03.01
  13. Freedman, R. A., Viswanath, K., Vaz-Luis, I., & Keating, N. L. (2016). Learning from social media: utilizing advanced data extraction techniques to understand barriers to breast cancer treatment. Breast cancer research and treatment, 158(2), 395-405. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-016-3872-2
  14. Fini, A. (2008). Survey on professors and student’s attitude about virtual learning in Iran universities. International Journal of Education and Information Technologies, 2(1), 31-35
  15. Gon, S., & Rawekar, A. (2017). Effectivity of e-learning through WhatsApp as a teaching learning tool. MVP Journal of Medical Sciences, 4(1), 19-25. https://doi.org/10.22034/CAJMPSI.2021.03.01
  16. Hooman, H. A. (2007). Understanding the scientific method in the behavioral sciences. Tehran: Samt, 259-260
  17. Iftikhar, R., & Abaalkhail, B. (2017). Health-seeking influence reflected by online health-related messages received on social media: Cross-sectional survey. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 19(11), e382. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.5989
  18. Jabbari Byramy, H., & Bakhshian, F. (2008). Comparison of two-person non-person training methods to prevent transmission of obstetrics and gynecology outpatient units. Journal of Medical Research, 18(4), 259-264
  19. Kadoić, N., & Redep, N. B. (2015). Methodology for online study program development-case study ePITUP. 2015 38th International Convention on Information and Communication Technology, Electronics and Microelectronics (MIPRO). https://doi.org/10.1109/MIPRO.2015.7160411
  20. Kamel Boulos, M. N., Giustini, D. M., & Wheeler, S. (2016). Instagram and WhatsApp in health and healthcare: An overview. Future Internet, 8(3), 37. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi8030037
  21. Khakbazan, Z., Jamshidi, F., Abbass, M., & Damghanian, M. (2008). Comparison of the effects of two teaching methods (lectures-training packages) on their knowledge about puberty health. Journal of Nursing Midwifery and Science-Life Research, 14(1), 41-48
  22. Khandaghi, A., Hosseinzadeh, M., & Pour Smaeil, F. (2009). Evaluation of students attitudes of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences about virtual education of organization that conducted the study in it: Educational Development Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Green Journal: Special Journal of Education in Medical Science, 6, 283
  23. Khandan, M. (2008). E-learning impact on type 2 diabetic patients self care centers of Kerman University of diabetes [Master’s Thesis, Kerman University of Medical Sciences]. Available from: www. irct. ir.[Persian]
  24. Khodabandelou, R., Amoozegar, A., & Pourjafarian, Z. (2021). COVID-19 and online behaviors in higher education: A comparative study of an Iranian, Omani and Malaysian Universities. International Journal of Research in Educational Sciences, 4(1), 271-284
  25. Kim, E., Hou, J., Han, J. Y., & Himelboim, I. (2016). Predicting retweeting behavior on breast cancer social networks: Network and content characteristics. Journal of Health Communication, 21(4), 479-486. https://doi.org/10.1080/10810730.2015.1103326
  26. Kotrlik, J., & Higgins, C. (2001). Organizational research: Determining appropriate sample size in survey research appropriate sample size in survey research. Information Technology, Learning, and Performance Journal, 19(1), 43
  27. Liu, Y., Zhang, J., Huang, R., Feng, W.-L., Kong, Y.-N., Xu, F., Zhao, L., Song, Q.-K., Li, J., & Zhang, B.-N. (2017). Influence of occupation and education level on breast cancer stage at diagnosis, and treatment options in China: A nationwide, multicenter 10-year epidemiological study. Medicine, 96(15). https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000006641
  28. Mirzaei, M., Ahmadipour, F., & Azizian, F. (2012). Viewpoints of students of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences towards e-Learning in teaching clinical biochemistry. The Journal of Medical Education and Development, 7(2), 67-74
  29. Moursy, A. M. E.-S., & Ead, A. Y. S. (2014). Self care practices of chemotherapy patients. Life Science Journal, 11(4), 212-222
  30. Maitra, C. (2021). WhatsApp in health communication: The case of eye health in deprived settings in India Manchester metropolitan university [Doctoral Dissertation, Manchester Metropolitan University]
  31. Mefolere, K. F. (2016). WhatsApp and information sharing: Prospect and challenges. International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research, 4(1), 615-625
  32. Mohammadi, D., Hosseini, M., Shabanali Fami, H., Rajab beigi, M., & Isaee, M. T. (2008). An analysis of the attitude of instructors towards E-learning in agricultural applied science education in Iran. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development, 39(1), 99-109
  33. Nzali, M. D. T., Bringay, S., Lavergne, C., Mollevi, C., & Opitz, T. (2017). What patients can tell us: topic analysis for social media on breast cancer. JMIR medical informatics, 5(3), e7779 . https://doi.org/10.2196/medinform.7779
  34. Nastasi, A., Bryant, T., Canner, J. K., Dredze, M., Camp, M. S., & Nagarajan, N. (2018). Breast cancer screening and social media: A content analysis of evidence use and guideline opinions on Twitter. Journal of Cancer Education, 33(3), 695-702
  35. Nazeri, N., Dorri, S., & Atashi, A. (2017). The effective factors on success of e-learning in medical sciences fields. Journal of Health and Biomedical Informatics, 4(2), 98-107
  36. Papzan, A., & Soleimani, A. (2010). Comparison of the effect of two training methods from teaching by mobile phone and lecturing on students learning rate. Journal of Information and Communication Technologies in Educational Science, 1, 55-65
  37. Reimers, F. M., & Schleicher, A. (2020). A framework to guide an education response to the COVID-19 Pandemic of 2020. OECD. Retrieved April 14, 2020
  38. Sayan, H. (2016). Affecting higher students learning activity by using WhatsApp. European Journal of Research and Reflection in Educational Sciences, 4(3)
  39. Selim, H. M. (2007). Critical success factors for e-learning acceptance: Confirmatory factor models. Computers & Education, 49(2), 396-413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2005.09.004
  40. Seyyedi, N., Rahimi, B., Eslamlou, H. R. F., Afshar, H. L., Spreco, A., & Timpka, T. (2020). Smartphone-based maternal education for the complementary feeding of undernourished children under 3 years of age in food-secure communities: Randomised controlled trial in Urmia, Iran. Nutrients, 12(2), 587. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12020587
  41. Shahbeigi, F., & Nazari, S. (2012). Virtual education: Benefits and limitations. The Journal of Medical Education and Development, 6(1), 47-54
  42. Simons, L. P., van den Heuvel, W. A., & Jonker, C. M. (2018). eHealth WhatsApp Group for Social Support: Preliminary Results. Bled eConference. https://doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-170-4.14
  43. Tahergorabi, Z., Moodi, M., & Mesbahzadeh, B. (2014). Breast Cancer: A preventable disease [Review]. Journal of Birjand University of Medical Sciences, 21(2), 126-141
  44. Tage, P. K. S., Berkanis, A. T., Betan, Y., & Pinis, E. B. (2021). A qualitative study on nurses’ experiences of reporting patient safety incidents in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Nurse Media Journal of Nursing, 11(3), 359-369. https://doi.org/10.14710/nmjn.v11i3.38400
  45. Wang, L. (2009). Effectiveness of text-based mobile learning applications: Case studies in tertiary education [Master’s Thesis, Massey University]
  46. Xiaosheng, D., Xiangren, Y., Shuyuan, H., Dezong, G., Mengyao, C., & Meng, D. (2018). The effects of combined exercise intervention based on Internet and social media software for postoperative patients with breast cancer: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials, 19(1), 1-8
  47. Yaros, R. A. (2012). Social media in education: Effects of personalization and interactivity on engagement and collaboration. Social Media: Usage and Impact, 57-74
  48. Zolfaghari, M., Negarandeh, R., & Ahmadi, F. (2011). The evaluation of a blended e-learning program for nursing and midwifery students in Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Iranian Journal of Medical Education, 10(4), 398-409
  49. Zulkanain, N. A., Miskon, S., & Abdullah, N. S. (2020). An adapted pedagogical framework in utilizing WhatsApp for learning purpose. Education and Information Technologies, 25(4), 2811-2822. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-019-10096-0

Last update:

  1. Resilience-related Breast Cancer: A Concept Analysis

    Fitria Endah Janitra, Nur Aini, Anggi Lukman Wicaksana. Nurse Media Journal of Nursing, 13 (1), 2023. doi: 10.14710/nmjn.v13i1.45996

  2. Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting (CINV) Based on Blood Types among Cancer Patients in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

    Dwi Kartika Rukmi, Muhamat Nofiyanto. Nurse Media Journal of Nursing, 13 (2), 2023. doi: 10.14710/nmjn.v13i2.48272

Last update: 2025-05-16 22:04:44

No citation recorded.