DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/nmjn.v15i2.72426

A Bibliometric Analysis of Global Research on the Psychological Burden of HIV Stigma Among Adults: Implications for Nursing Practice

*Angga Wilandika orcid scopus publons  -  Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Bandung, Indonesia
Diah Nur Indah Sari orcid  -  Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Bandung, Indonesia
Open Access Copyright (c) 2025 by the Authors, Published by Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Citation Format:
Abstract

Background: HIV-related stigma remains a persistent barrier to psychological well-being and care among people living with HIV. Although research on its psychological burden has grown, no bibliometric synthesis has mapped its development or explored its implications for nursing practice.

Purpose: This study aimed to conduct a bibliometric analysis of global research on the psychological burden of HIV stigma among adults, with particular attention to thematic evolution and implications for nursing care.

Methods: A bibliometric and thematic analysis was conducted on 131 journal articles indexed in Scopus from 2014 to 2025. Bibliometric mapping was performed using VOSviewer to examine publication trends, authorship patterns, country distribution, keyword co-occurrence networks, and temporal thematic evolution.

Results: The analysis found no publications prior to 2014, with output peaking in 2022 and 2024, confirming the field’s novelty. Keyword clustering revealed six thematic domains: psychological distress (depression, anxiety, shame), treatment adherence and healthcare engagement, trauma-related stigma, resilience and protective factors, methodological advances in stigma measurement, and structural/societal stigma. Temporal analysis indicated a shift from documenting emotional distress to examining mediating processes, resilience, and intersectionality, marking a transition from descriptive to explanatory and intervention-focused research.

Conclusion: Research on the psychological burden of HIV stigma has expanded, with depression and anxiety remaining central, but with increasing attention to resilience, coping, and systemic factors. However, gaps remain in translating these insights into stigma-sensitive nursing interventions. This bibliometric synthesis provides evidence to inform nurse-led strategies such as therapeutic communication, psychoeducation, and psychosocial support to mitigate stigma’s psychological impact on PLHIV.

Fulltext
Keywords: Bibliometric analysis; global health; HIV stigma; mental health; psychological stress

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Articles
Language : EN
Recent articles
Key Predictors of Medication Adherence Among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study in Palembang, Indonesia Determinants of Menstrual Hygiene Management Practices Among Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study A Bibliometric Analysis of Global Research on the Psychological Burden of HIV Stigma Among Adults: Implications for Nursing Practice More recent articles
Most cited articles
Transformational and Transactional Leadership Styles of Nurse Managers and Job Satisfaction among Filipino Nurses: A Pilot Study PERAN SERTA KELUARGA PADA LANSIA YANG MENGALAMI POST POWER SYNDROME Eating Behavior of Autistic Children Effect of Self-Efficacy Enhancing Education Program on Family Caregivers’ Competencies in Caring for Patients with mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Yogyakarta, Indonesia Dietary Behaviors among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Yogyakarta, Indonesia More cited articles
  1. Abbas, Q., Nisa, M., Khan, M. U., Anwar, N., Aljhani, S., Ramzan, Z., & Shahzadi, M. (2023). Brief cognitive behavior therapy for stigmatization, depression, quality of life, social support and adherence to treatment among patients with HIV/AIDS: a randomized control trial. BMC Psychiatry, 23(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-05013-2
  2. Ahmad, M. A., Nor, A. M., Abd Hamid, H. S., & Jamaludin, A. N. S. J. (2021). Coping strategies and mental health of the LGBTQ with HIV/AIDS – a systematic review. Psychological Thought, 14(2). https://doi.org/10.37708/psyct.v14i2.583
  3. Alhassan, Y., Twimukye, A., Malaba, T., Myer, L., Waitt, C., Lamorde, M., Colbers, A., Reynolds, H., Khoo, S., & Taegtmeyer, M. (2022). “I fear my partner will abandon me”: the intersection of late initiation of antenatal care in pregnancy and poor ART adherence among women living with HIV in South Africa and Uganda. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 22(1), 566. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-022-04896-5
  4. Amal, A. I., Sukartini, T., Dian Kurniawati, N., Sofyanudin, S., & Setyawati, R. (2024). Exploring the relationship between self-stigma and resilience among people living with HIV: a cross-sectional study. Healthcare in Low-Resource Settings. https://doi.org/10.4081/hls.2024.13005
  5. Andersson, G. Z., Reinius, M., Eriksson, L. E., Svedhem, V., Esfahani, F. M., Deuba, K., Rao, D., Lyatuu, G. W., Giovenco, D., & Ekström, A. M. (2020). Stigma reduction interventions in people living with HIV to improve health-related quality of life. In The Lancet HIV (Vol. 7, Issue 2). https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-3018(19)30343-1
  6. Armoon, B., Fleury, M.-J., Bayat, A.-H., Fakhri, Y., Higgs, P., Moghaddam, L. F., & Gonabadi-Nezhad, L. (2022). HIV related stigma associated with social support, alcohol use disorders, depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation among people living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 16(1), 17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13033-022-00527-w
  7. Ashaba, S., Cooper-Vince, C. E., Vořechovská, D., Rukundo, G. Z., Maling, S., Akena, D., & Tsai, A. C. (2019). Community beliefs, HIV stigma, and depression among adolescents living with HIV in rural Uganda. African Journal of AIDS Research, 18(3). https://doi.org/10.2989/16085906.2019.1637912
  8. Beichler, H., Kutalek, R., & Dorner, T. E. (2023). People Living with HIV and AIDS: Experiences towards Antiretroviral Therapy, Paradigm Changes, Coping, Stigma, and Discrimination—A Grounded Theory Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(4), 3000. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043000
  9. Bekker, L.-G., Alleyne, G., Baral, S., Cepeda, J., Daskalakis, D., Dowdy, D., Dybul, M., Eholie, S., Esom, K., Garnett, G., Grimsrud, A., Hakim, J., Havlir, D., Isbell, M. T., Johnson, L., Kamarulzaman, A., Kasaie, P., Kazatchkine, M., Kilonzo, N., … Beyrer, C. (2018). Advancing global health and strengthening the HIV response in the era of the Sustainable Development Goals: the International AIDS Society—Lancet Commission. The Lancet, 392(10144), 312–358. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31070-5
  10. Bradley, E. L. P., Sutton, M. Y., Cooks, E., Washington-Ball, B., Gaul, Z., Gaskins, S., & Payne-Foster, P. (2018). Developing FAITHH: Methods to Develop a Faith-Based HIV Stigma-Reduction Intervention in the Rural South. Health Promotion Practice, 19(5), 730–740. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524839917754044
  11. Brener, L., Broady, T., Cama, E., Hopwood, M., de Wit, J. B. F., & Treloar, C. (2020). The role of social support in moderating the relationship between HIV centrality, internalised stigma and psychological distress for people living with HIV. AIDS Care, 32(7), 850–857. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2019.1659914
  12. Catona, D., Greene, K., Magsamen-Conrad, K., & Carpenter, A. (2016). Perceived and experienced stigma among people living with HIV: Examining the role of prior stigmatization on reasons for and against future disclosures. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 44(2), 136–155. https://doi.org/10.1080/00909882.2016.1155726
  13. Chan, R. C. H., & Mak, W. W. S. (2021). Protective and Compensatory Effects of Group Identification on the Mental Health of People Living with HIV. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 50(4). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-020-01823-7
  14. Chi, D., de Terte, I., & Gardner, D. (2024). Cognitive processing of HIV stigma and its association with posttraumatic growth: a reflexive thematic analysis. Australian Psychologist, 59(4). https://doi.org/10.1080/00050067.2023.2267160
  15. Cipollina, R., Sanchez, D. T., & Mikrut, E. E. (2022). Disclosing Mental Illness to Share or Test Stigma? Disclosure Motivations and Disclosure Directness. Stigma and Health. https://doi.org/10.1037/sah0000428
  16. de los Rios, P., Okoli, C., Punekar, Y., Allan, B., Muchenje, M., Castellanos, E., Richman, B., Corbelli, G. M., Hardy, W. D., Young, B., & Van de Velde, N. (2020). Prevalence, determinants, and impact of suboptimal adherence to HIV medication in 25 countries. Preventive Medicine, 139, 106182. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106182
  17. Dévieux, J. G., Vertovec, J., Jean-Gilles, M., Rosenberg, R., René, C., Cyrus, E., Jean, S. E., & Dunbar, W. (2022). Patterns of sexual and HIV-related stigma among MSMW living with HIV in Haiti: Experiences, impact on mental health, and coping mechanisms
  18. Dewi, H. E., Wilandika, A., & Sajodin. (2021). Stigmas and Discrimination by Nurse Towards Patient with HIV/AIDS: A Qualitative Study. Proceedings of the 1st Paris Van Java International Seminar on Health, Economics, Social Science and Humanities (PVJ-ISHESSH 2020), 535, 448–450. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210304.099
  19. Dubov, A., Galbo Jr, P., Altice, F. L., & Fraenkel, L. (2018). Stigma and shame experiences by MSM who take PrEP for HIV prevention: a qualitative study. American Journal of Men’s Health, 12(6), 1843–1854. https://doi.org/10.1177/1557988318797437
  20. Fabian, K., Molina, Y., Kemp, C. G., Nevin, P. E., McCoy, K., Simoni, J. M., Andrasik, M., Cohn, S. E., Micci, S., & Rao, D. (2020). Internalized HIV-Related Stigma and Breast Health Beliefs Among African–American Women Receiving Care for HIV in the USA. Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities, 7(1), 45–51. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40615-019-00632-6
  21. Fathiandastgerdi, Z., Eslami, A. A., Ghofranipour, F., Mostafavi, F., & Ebrahimi, A. A. (2016). The relationship between self-efficacy, coping skill and substance use in adolescent: based on structural equation modeling. Journal of Substance Use, 21(3), 287–293
  22. Fauk, N. K., Hawke, K., Mwanri, L., & Ward, P. R. (2021). Stigma and discrimination towards people living with hiv in the context of families, communities, and healthcare settings: A qualitative study in indonesia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(10), 5424. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105424
  23. Fauk, N. K., Ward, P. R., Hawke, K., & Mwanri, L. (2021). HIV Stigma and Discrimination: Perspectives and Personal Experiences of Healthcare Providers in Yogyakarta and Belu, Indonesia. Frontiers in Medicine, 8, 625. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.625787
  24. Filiatreau, L. M., Ebasone, P. V., Dzudie, A., Wainberg, M., Yotebieng, M., Anastos, K., & Parcesepe, A. M. (2024). Intersectional HIV- and Depression-Related Stigma Among People with HIV Entering HIV Care in Cameroon. AIDS and Behavior, 28(9), 2950–2960. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-024-04375-2
  25. Fox, A. B., Earnshaw, V. A., Taverna, E. C., & Vogt, D. (2018). Conceptualizing and measuring mental illness stigma: The mental illness stigma framework and critical review of measures. Stigma and Health, 3(4), 348. https://doi.org/10.1037/sah0000104
  26. Galea, J. T., Contreras, C., Wong, M., Ramos, K., Vargas, V., Sánchez, H., Errea, R. A., Lecca, L., & Franke, M. F. (2021). A non-specialist depression care pathway for adolescents living with HIV and transitioning into adult care in Peru: a nested, proof of concept pilot study. Global Mental Health, 8. https://doi.org/10.1017/gmh.2021.16
  27. Galea, J. T., Marhefka, S., León, S. R., Rahill, G., Cyrus, E., Sánchez, H., Zhang, Z., & Brown, B. (2022). High levels of mild to moderate depression among men who have sex with men and transgender women in Lima, Peru: implications for integrated depression and HIV care. AIDS Care - Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of AIDS/HIV, 34(12). https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2021.1991877
  28. George, S., & McGrath, N. (2019). Social support, disclosure and stigma and the association with non-adherence in the six months after antiretroviral therapy initiation among a cohort of HIV-positive adults in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa*. AIDS Care - Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of AIDS/HIV, 31(7), 875–884. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2018.1549720
  29. Govender, R., Bowen, P., Edwards, P., & Cattell, K. (2017). AIDS-related knowledge, stigma and customary beliefs of South African construction workers. AIDS Care, 29(6), 711–717. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2016.1227764
  30. Haeuser, E., Serfes, A. L., Cork, M. A., Yang, M., Abbastabar, H., Abhilash, E. S., Adabi, M., Adebayo, O. M., Adekanmbi, V., Adeyinka, D. A., Afzal, S., Ahinkorah, B. O., Ahmadi, K., Ahmed, M. B., Akalu, Y., Akinyemi, R. O., Akunna, C. J., Alahdab, F., Alanezi, F. M., … Dwyer-Lindgren, L. (2022). Mapping age- and sex-specific HIV prevalence in adults in sub-Saharan Africa, 2000–2018. BMC Medicine, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-022-02639-z
  31. Hahm, H. C., Augsberger, A., Feranil, M., Jang, J., & Tagerman, M. (2017). The Associations Between Forced Sex and Severe Mental Health, Substance Use, and HIV Risk Behaviors Among Asian American Women. Violence Against Women, 23(6). https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801216647797
  32. Hempel, S., Ferguson, L., Bolshakova, M., Yagyu, S., Fu, N., Motala, A., & Gruskin, S. (2021). Frameworks, measures, and interventions for HIV-related internalised stigma and stigma in healthcare and laws and policies: Systematic review protocol. In BMJ Open (Vol. 11, Issue 12). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053608
  33. Hibbert, M., Crenna-Jennings, W., Kirwan, P., Benton, L., Lut, I., Okala, S., Asboe, D., Jeffries, J., Kunda, C., Mbewe, R., Morris, S., Morton, J., Nelson, M., Thorley, L., Paterson, H., Ross, M., Reeves, I., Sharp, L., Sseruma, W., & Valiotis, G. (2018). The people living with HIV stigma survey UK 2015: HIV-related sexual rejection and other experiences of stigma and discrimination among gay and heterosexual men. AIDS Care, 30(9), 1189–1196. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2018.1479027
  34. Hill, M., Huff, A., & Chumbler, N. (2019). “I’m Gonna Get Busy Living”: Examining the Trajectories of Affect, Behavioral Health, and Psychological Resilience Among Persons Living With HIV in a Southeastern U.S. Health District. Global Qualitative Nursing Research, 6. https://doi.org/10.1177/2333393619834937
  35. Katz, I. T., Bogart, L. M., Fitzmaurice, G. M., Staggs, V. S., Gwadz, M. V, Bassett, I. V, Cross, A., Courtney, I., Tsolekile, L., & Panda, R. (2021). The treatment ambassador program: A highly acceptable and feasible community-based peer intervention for South Africans living with HIV who delay or discontinue antiretroviral therapy. AIDS and Behavior, 25(4), 1129–1143
  36. Kim, S. S., & Demarco, R. F. (2022). The Intersectionality of HIV-Related Stigma and Tobacco Smoking Stigma With Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms Among Women Living With HIV in the United States: A Cross-sectional Study. Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 33(5). https://doi.org/10.1097/JNC.0000000000000323
  37. Kohli, N., Kumar, V., Yadav, S., & Tripathi, P. (2023). People with HIV/AIDS: Stigma, Self-Esteem and Psychological Health. Psychological Studies. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12646-023-00758-y
  38. Kwesell, A., & Jung, J. Y. (2019). A Multidimensional Analysis of Stigma: Findings from a Qualitative Study of Fukushima Residents following Japan’s 2011 Nuclear Disaster. Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.30658/jicrcr.2.2.4
  39. Liboro, R. M., Bell, S., Ranuschio, B., Barnes, L., Despres, J., Sedere, A., Puno, T., & Shuper, P. A. (2021). Barriers and facilitators to promoting resilience to HIV/AIDS: A qualitative study on the lived experiences of HIV-positive, racial and ethnic minority, middle-aged and older men who have sex with men from Ontario, Canada. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(15). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18158084
  40. Machowska, A., Bamboria, B. L., Bercan, C., & Sharma, M. (2020). Impact of ‘HIV-related stigma-reduction workshops’’ on knowledge and attitude of healthcare providers and students in Central India: a pre-test and post-test intervention study.’ BMJ Open, 10(4), e033612
  41. MacLean, J. R., & Wetherall, K. (2021). The Association between HIV-Stigma and Depressive Symptoms among People Living with HIV/AIDS: A Systematic Review of Studies Conducted in South Africa. In Journal of Affective Disorders (Vol. 287). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.03.027
  42. Meyers-Pantele, S. A., Lammert, S., Rendina, H. J., Shalhav, O., Talan, A. J., Smith, L. R., Pitpitan, E. V, & Horvath, K. J. (2022). Examining HIV Stigma, Depression, Stress, and Recent Stimulant Use in a Sample of Sexual Minority Men Living with HIV: An Application of the Stigma and Substance Use Process Model. AIDS and Behavior, 26(1), 138–148. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-021-03517-0
  43. Mhungu, A., Sixsmith, J., & Burnett, E. (2023). Adolescent Girls and Young Women’s Experiences of Living with HIV in the Context of Patriarchal Culture in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review. In AIDS and Behavior (Vol. 27, Issue 5). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-022-03872-6
  44. Mooney, A. C., Gottert, A., Khoza, N., Rebombo, D., Hove, J., Suárez, A. J., Twine, R., Macphail, C., Treves-Kagan, S., Kahn, K., Pettifor, A., & Lippman, S. A. (2017). Men’s perceptions of treatment as prevention in South Africa: Implications for engagement in HIV care and treatment. AIDS Education and Prevention, 29(3), 274–287. https://doi.org/10.1521/aeap.2017.29.3.274
  45. Mukerji, R., Mannell, J., & Osrin, D. (2023). "I hope I die. That is what I hope for”: Qualitative study of lived experiences of mental health of Indian women living with HIV experiencing intersectional stigma. PLOS Global Public Health, 3(12). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0002075
  46. Ncitakalo, N., Mabaso, M., Joska, J., & Simbayi, L. (2021). Factors associated with external HIV-related stigma and psychological distress among people living with HIV in South Africa. SSM - Population Health, 14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100809
  47. Ninnoni, J. P., Nsatimba, F., Agyemang, S. O., Commey, I. T., Bennin, L., Agyare, E., Gyimah, L., Senya, K., Baddoo, N. A., & Obiri-Yeboah, D. (2023). An exploratory qualitative study of the psychological effects of HIV diagnosis; the need for early involvement of mental health professionals to improve linkage to care. BMC Public Health, 23(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-17449-y
  48. Okoli, C., Van De Velde, N., Richman, B., Allan, B., Castellanos, E., Young, B., Brough, G., Eremin, A., Corbelli, G. M., Mc Britton, M., Hardy, W. D., & De Los Rios, P. (2021). Undetectable equals untransmittable (U = U): Awareness and associations with health outcomes among people living with HIV in 25 countries. Sexually Transmitted Infections, 97(1). https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2020-054551
  49. Okpua, N. C., & Godwin C, A. (2023). Healthcare providers in Nigerian hospitals and HIV-related stigma: a systematic review. Journal of Communication in Healthcare, 16(2), 170–179. https://doi.org/10.1080/17538068.2022.2121596
  50. Pachankis, J. E., Hatzenbuehler, M. L., Hickson, F., Weatherburn, P., Berg, R. C., Marcus, U., & Schmidt, A. J. (2015). Hidden from health: Structural stigma, sexual orientation concealment, and HIV across 38 countries in the European MSM Internet Survey. In AIDS (Vol. 29, Issue 10). https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000000724
  51. Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, J. M., Akl, E. A., & Brennan, S. E. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. International Journal of Surgery, 88, 105906
  52. Pantelic, M., Steinert, J. I., Park, J., Mellors, S., & Murau, F. (2019). “Management of a spoiled identity”: Systematic review of interventions to address self-stigma among people living with and affected by HIV. BMJ Global Health, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2018-001285
  53. Pelletier, J., Bergeron, D., Rouleau, G., & Guillaumie, L. (2022). Nurses’ clinical practices reducing the impact of HIV-related stigmatisation in non-HIV-specialised healthcare settings: a protocol for a realist synthesis. BMJ Open, 12(11). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062569
  54. Puckett, J. A., & Levitt, H. M. (2015). Internalized Stigma Within Sexual and Gender Minorities: Change Strategies and Clinical Implications. Journal of LGBT Issues in Counseling, 9(4). https://doi.org/10.1080/15538605.2015.1112336
  55. Rzeszutek, M., Gruszczyńska, E., Pięta, M., & Malinowska, P. (2021). HIV/AIDS stigma and psychological well-being after 40 years of HIV/AIDS: a systematic review and meta-analysis. In European Journal of Psychotraumatology (Vol. 12, Issue 1). https://doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2021.1990527
  56. Spence, A. B., Wang, C., Michel, K., Ocampo, J. M., Kharfen, M., Merenstein, D., Goparaju, L., & Kassaye, S. (2022). HIV Related Stigma among Healthcare Providers: Opportunities for Education and Training. Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care, 21. https://doi.org/10.1177/23259582221114797
  57. Stangl, A. L., Earnshaw, V. A., Logie, C. H., van Brakel, W., C. Simbayi, L., Barré, I., & Dovidio, J. F. (2019). The Health Stigma and Discrimination Framework: a global, crosscutting framework to inform research, intervention development, and policy on health-related stigmas. BMC Medicine, 17(1), 31. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-019-1271-3
  58. Steward, W. T., Srinivasan, K., Raj, T., Heylen, E., Nyblade, L., Mazur, A., Devadass, D., Pereira, M., & Ekstrand, M. L. (2022). The Influence of Transmission-Based and Moral-Based HIV Stigma Beliefs on Intentions to Discriminate Among Ward Staff in South Indian Health Care Settings. AIDS and Behavior. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-022-03755-w
  59. Sweileh, W. (2023). Stigma research in Arab countries: a rapid review. Mental Health and Social Inclusion. https://doi.org/10.1108/MHSI-10-2023-0111
  60. Tang, Y., Julian, C. A., Braun, K. S., Stinger, S. A., & Williams, S. L. (2024). Multiple Stigmas and Their Dimensions: The Mediating Role of Self-compassion in Reduced Resilience. Adversity and Resilience Science, 5(3). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42844-023-00122-z
  61. Thi Thanh Huong, N., Thi Hau, N., Van Chau, N., Trung Tan, L., Thi Minh Tam, N., Gray, R., O’Connell, K. A., & Neukom, J. (2018). Perceived barriers and facilitators to uptake of HIV testing services among people who inject drugs in Vietnam. Journal of Substance Use, 23(6), 551–556. https://doi.org/10.1080/14659891.2018.1448473
  62. Tran, J. T., Mills, V. K., Bolton, C., Wilks, B. M., Galea, J. T., & Kosyluk, K. A. (2023). Integrative Review on Contact-Based Interventions to Address LGBTQ+ Related Stigma. Annals of LGBTQ Public and Population Health, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.1891/lgbtq-2021-0047
  63. Turan, B., Budhwani, H., Fazeli, P. L., Browning, W. R., Raper, J. L., Mugavero, M. J., & Turan, J. M. (2017). How does stigma affect people living with HIV? The mediating roles of internalized and anticipated HIV stigma in the effects of perceived community stigma on health and psychosocial outcomes. AIDS and Behavior, 21(1), 283–291. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-016-1451-5
  64. Turan, B., Hatcher, A. M., Weiser, S. D., Johnson, M. O., Rice, W. S., & Turan, J. M. (2017). Framing mechanisms linking HIV-related stigma, adherence to treatment, and health outcomes. In American Journal of Public Health (Vol. 107, Issue 6). https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2017.303744
  65. Ursoiu, F., Moleriu, L., Lungeanu, D., & Puschită, M. (2018). The association between HIV clinical disease severity and psychiatric disorders as seen in Western Romania. AIDS Care - Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of AIDS/HIV, 30(11). https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2018.1455959
  66. Varas-Díaz, N., Rivera, M., Rivera-Segarra, E., Neilands, T. B., Ortiz, N., Pedrogo, Y., Mendoza, S., Rivera Amador, A., Martínez García, S., Rivera Suazo, S., & Albizu-García, C. E. (2017). Beyond negative attitudes: Examining HIV/AIDS stigma behaviors in clinical encounters. AIDS Care - Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of AIDS/HIV, 29(11), 1437–1441. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2017.1322679
  67. Wagner, A. C., Hart, T. A., McShane, K. E., Margolese, S., & Girard, T. A. (2014). Health care provider attitudes and beliefs about people living with HIV: Initial validation of the health care provider HIV/AIDS Stigma Scale (HPASS). AIDS and Behavior, 18(12), 2397–2408. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-014-0834-8
  68. Wen, F., Wang, Y., Zuo, B., Yang, J., Qiao, Y., Ye, H., & Luo, Z. (2022). Space-Focused Stereotypes About People Living With HIV/AIDS and the Effects on Community-Approaching Willingness. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.772639
  69. Wiginton, J. M., Murray, S., Kall, M., Maksut, J. L., Augustinavicius, J., Delpech, V., & aral, S. D. B. (2023). HIV-Related Stigma and Discrimination in Health Care and Health-Relate Quality of Life Among People Living With HIV in England and Wales: A Latent Class Analysis. Stigma and Health, 8(4). https://doi.org/10.1037/sah0000299
  70. Wiginton, J. M., Murray, S. M., Poku, O., Augustinavicius, J., Jackman, K. M. P., Kane, J., Billong, S. C., Diouf, D., Ba, I., Mothopeng, T., Njindam, I. M., Turpin, G., Tamoufe, U., Sithole, B., Zlotorzynska, M., Sanchez, T. H., & Baral, S. D. (2022). Publisher Correction To: Disclosure of same-sex practices and experiences of healthcare stigma among cisgender men who have sex with men in five sub-Saharan African countries (BMC Public Health, (2021), 21, 1, (2206), 10.1186/s12889-021-12151-3). In BMC Public Health (Vol. 22, Issue 1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-12430-z
  71. Wilandika, A. (2018). Religiosity and Self-Efficacy in the Prevention of HIV-Risk Behaviours among Muslim University Students. Jurnal Ners, 13(2), 138–143. https://doi.org/10.20473/jn.v13i2.6531
  72. Wilandika, A., Salami, S., & Yusof, S. (2025). The Societal Acceptance of People Living with HIV (SAPH) Scale in Indonesia: a psychometric analysis. Journal of HIV/AIDS & Social Services, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/15381501.2025.2474981
  73. Yendewa, G. A., Kpaka, R. A., Sellu, E., Yendewa, S. A., Massaquoi, S. P. E., Cummings, P. E., Ghazzawi, M., Barrie, U., Dubé, K., Lakoh, S., James, P. B., Salata, R. A., & Babawo, L. S. (2023). Perceived and Enacted HIV-Related Stigma in Eastern and Southern Sierra Leone: A Psychometric Study of an HIV Stigma Scale. MedRxiv : The Preprint Server for Health Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.07.07.23292152

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update: 2025-09-22 23:16:49

No citation recorded.