DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/mkmi.24.3.%25p

Pengaruh Faktor Bio-Psiko-Sosial-Ekologis (BPSE) Terhadap Kelelahan Kerja Perawat di Wilayah Pesisir

1Program Studi Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja, Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Sulawesi Barat, Indonesia

2Program Studi Administrasi Kesehatan, Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Sulawesi Barat, Indonesia

Received: 16 Jun 2025; Revised: 22 Jul 2025; Accepted: 3 Aug 2025; Published: 1 Sep 2025.
Editor(s):
Open Access Copyright (c) 2026 MEDIA KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Citation Format:
Abstract

Latar belakang: Kelelahan kerja pada perawat merupakan isu krusial yang berdampak signifikan terhadap kualitas pelayanan kesehatan dan kesejahteraan tenaga kesehatan. Perawat, sebagai garda terdepan dalam pelayanan, memiliki beban kerja yang tinggi yang dapat meningkatkan risiko kelelahan. Kondisi ini berpotensi menurunkan kualitas layanan, meningkatkan risiko kesalahan medis, dan mengancam keselamatan pasien. Selain itu, kelelahan kerja dapat menyebabkan gangguan fisik seperti kelelahan kronis dan insomnia, serta masalah psikologis seperti burnout, yang berdampak pada produktivitas dan kepuasan kerja perawat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh faktor biologi, psikologis, sosial, dan ekologis terhadap kelelahan kerja perawat.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik dengan desain cross-sectional. Responden penelitian adalah seluruh perawat rawat inap di RSUD Majene sejumlah 150 orang. Teknik penarikan sampel menggunalan purposive sampling. Variabel yang dikaji adalah kualitas tidur, beban kerja mental, stres kerja, kinerja, faktor sosial, dan faktor ekologis. Uji statistic yang digunakan adalah Chi-square.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa sebanyak 56 orang (37,3%) responden mengalami kelelahan kerja tingkat sedang. Analisis lebih lanjut menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh kualitas tidur (p-value=0,001), beban kerja mental (p-value=0,048), stres kerja (p-value=0,001), dan kinerja (p-value=0,001). Sementara itu, faktor sosial (p-value=0,251) dan faktor ekologis (0,189) tidak berpengaruh terhadap kelelahan kerja.

Simpulan: Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kelelahan kerja perawat di wilayah pesisir dipegnaruhi oleh faktor kualitas tidur, beban kerja mental, stres kerja, dan kinerja
Fulltext View|Download Email colleagues
Keywords: perawat; beban kerja mental; kualitas tidur; stres kerja; kinerja
Funding: Kementerian Pendidikan Tinggi, Sains, dan Teknologi Republik Indonesia

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Research Article
Language : EN
Most cited articles
Infeksi Nosokomial di RSUD Setjonegoro Kabupaten Wonosobo Rokok, Pola Pemasaran dan Perilaku Merokok Siswa SMA/Sederajat di Kota Semarang Perilaku Wanita Pekerja Seks dalam Pencegahan Infeksi Menular Seksual (Studi Kualitatif Pada Anak Asuh di Lokalisasi Gembol, Sukosari, Bawen, Kabupaten Semarang) Perilaku Wanita Pekerja Seks dalam Pencegahan Infeksi Menular Seksual (Studi Kualitatif Pada Anak Asuh di Lokalisasi Gembol, Sukosari, Bawen, Kabupaten Semarang) More cited articles
  1. Cunningham TR, Guerin RJ, Ferguson J, Cavallari J. Work-related fatigue: A hazard for workers experiencing disproportionate occupational risks. Am J Ind Med. 2022;65(11):913–25
  2. Tarwaka, Bakri SHA, Sudiajeng L. Ergonomi untuk Keselamatan, Kesehatan Kerja dan Produktivitas [Internet]. 1st ed. Surakarta: UNIBA Press; 2004. 383 p. Available from: http://shadibakri.uniba.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Buku-Ergonomi.pdf
  3. He Y, Zhang H, Song M, Wu H, Pi H. Association Between Fatigue and Falls Risk Among the Elderly Aged Over 75 Years in China: The Chain Mediating Role of Falls Efficacy and Lower Limb Function. Front Public Heal. 2022;10(March):1–8
  4. Wu T, Tan X, Li Y, Liang Y, Fan J. The Relationship between Occupational Fatigue and Well-Being: The Moderating Effect of Unhealthy Eating Behaviour. Behav Sci (Basel). 2024;14(1)
  5. Kurniawati RT, Abidin Z, Marsanti AS. The Relationship Between Age and Working Period with Job Fatigue in Permanent Workers at The Purwodadi Magetan Sugar Factory. Eduvest - J Univers Stud. 2025;5(2):1682–95
  6. Wasaki N, Hiranai K, Takahashi A. Age-related differences in the effect of mental fatigue on obstacle crossing in virtual reality. Sci Rep. 2025;15(1):1–9
  7. Macfarlane GJ, D’Angelo S, Ntani G, Walker-Bone K. Impact of fatigue on work productivity and health-related job loss. Occup Med (Chic Ill). 2024;74(6):423–9
  8. Alzahrani HSM, Alanazi RN, Alanezi BM, Alotibi ST, Alanezi SS, Alanazi TS, et al. Gendered Insights on Fatigue : A Narrative Review Comparing Female and Male Nurses – Current Research and Future Directions in Saudi Arabia. J Int Cris Risk Commun Res. 2024;7(S3):265–72
  9. Diao D, Chen X, Zhong L, Zhang H, Zhang J. Sex differences in burnout and work-family conflict among Chinese emergency nurses: a cross-sectional study. Front Public Heal [Internet]. 2024;6(12). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39712298/
  10. Aminulloh S, Tualeka AR. Hubungan Beban Kerja Mental dan Kelelahan Kerja dengan Stres Kerja pada Perawat Shift Malam Rumah Sakit Islam Fatimah Banyuwangi. Media Gizi Kesmas. 2024;13(1):370–6
  11. Diana TS. Factors contributing to work fatigue among nurses at hospital: A study on the impact of work attitudes, shift schedules, and sleep quality. Asian J Toxicol Environ Occup Heal. 2024;2(1):27–38
  12. Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan Republik Indonesia. Peraturan Menteri Ketenagakerjaan Republik Indonesia Nomor 5 Tahun 2018 tentang Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja Lingkungan kerja [Internet]. Peraturan Menteri Ketenagakerjaan Republik Indonesia No 5 Tahun 2018 2018 p. 1–258. Available from: https://jdih.kemnaker.go.id/keselamatan-kerja.html
  13. Alameri RA, Almulla HA, Al Swyan AH, Hammad SS. Sleep quality and fatigue among nurses working in high-acuity clinical settings in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nurs. 2024;23(1):1–7
  14. Konya I, Watanabe K, Shishido I, Sugimura N, Matsushita Y, Yamaguchi S, et al. Post-Work Recovery from Fatigue and Sleep Episodes among Nurses Who Are Engaged in 16-Hour Night Shifts: A Prospective Observational Study. Healthc. 2022;10(6)
  15. Albakri U, Smeets N, Drotos E, Kant Ij, Gabrio A, Meertens R. Sleep quality and the need for recovery among nurses working irregular shifts: A cross-sectional study. Work. 2024;79(3):1477–90
  16. Xiao Q, Huang X, Yang T, Huang L, Huang H, Wang Y. Determinants of sleep quality and their impact on health outcomes : a cross-sectional study on night-shift nurses. Front Psychiatry. 2024;15(December):1–10
  17. Rizky K, Hendra H. Relationship of Sleep Quality and Perceived Fatigue Among Nurses at the Cibinong Regional Public Hospital, 2017. KnE Life Sci. 2018;4(5):399
  18. Watanabe K, Shishido I, Ito YM, Yano R. Quantity and quality of napping to mitigate fatigue and sleepiness among nurses working long night shifts: a prospective observational study. J Physiol Anthropol [Internet]. 2025;44(1):1–16. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40101-024-00378-z
  19. Gündüz ES, Öztürk NK. Mental workload as a predictor of burnout in intensive care nurses. Nurs Crit Care. 2024;30(2):1–9
  20. Xiong Q, Luo F, Chen Y, Duan Y, Huang J, Liu H, et al. Factors influencing fatigue, mental workload and burnout among Chinese health care workers during public emergencies: an online cross-sectional study. BMC Nurs. 2024;23(428):1–10
  21. Mahdavi N, Tapak L, Darvishi E, Doosti-Irani A, Shafiee Motlagh M. Unraveling the interplay between mental workload, occupational fatigue, physiological responses and cognitive performance in office workers. Sci Rep [Internet]. 2024;14(17866):1–13. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-68889-4
  22. Lestari IB, Jingga NA, Wahyudiono YDA. The Relationship Between Physical and Mental Workload with Fatigue on Nurses. Indones J Occup Saf Heal. 2023;12(1):10–8
  23. Liu Y, Xian JS, Wang R, Ma K, Li F, Wang FL, et al. Factoring and correlation in sleep , fatigue and mental workload of clinical first-line nurses in the post-pandemic era of COVID-19 : A multi-center cross-sectional study. Front Psychiatry. 2022;13(August):1–13
  24. Dias MA, Ismah Z, Arrazy S. Pengaruh Beban Kerja Mental dan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kelelahan Kerja pada Pekerja di PKS PTPN IV Bah Jambi. Heal Inf J Penelit. 2024;16(2):e1514
  25. Nater UM, Rohleder N. Salivary alpha-amylase as a non-invasive biomarker for the sympathetic nervous system: Current state of research. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2009;34(4):486–96
  26. Schneider I, Wettstein A, Jenni G, Kühne F, Holtforth M, Wachs S, et al. Salivary alpha-amylase over cortisol ratio as a longitudinal indicator of work stress and psychosomatic strain in teachers. Front Endocrionoly. 2025;16(01/02):1–12
  27. Arul QA, Debnath D. Salivary α -Amylase : A Reliable Stress Biomarker. Eur Dent Res Biomater J. 2024;5(01/02):28–9
  28. Hidayatullah R, Handari S. Pengaruh Stres Kerja Terhadap Kelelahan Kerja Serta Implikasinya Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Studi Pada Perawat di PKU Muhammadiyah Unit II. Manaj Bisnis. 2015;6(1):271–85
  29. Rahmadani M, Kurniawidjaja LM, Puspasari MA, Istanti ND, Yunia D. Workload , Fatigue , and Cognitive Performance in University Hospital Nurses : A Cross-Sectional Study Carga De Trabajo , Fatiga Y Rendimiento Cognitivo En Enfermeras De Hospitales Universitarios : Un Estudio Transversal. Salud, Cienc y Tecnol. 2025;5(1731)
  30. Khossy MN, Kustiawan U. The Influence of High Performance Working Systems on Work Performance Effects of Job Responsibility and Work Fatigue. COSTING J Econoic, Business,a nd Account. 2024;7(2)
  31. Zhang J, Wang X, Chen O, Li J, Li Y, Chen Y, et al. Social support, empathy and compassion fatigue among clinical nurses: structural equation modeling. BMC Nurs. 2023;22(1):1–9
  32. Ebrahimi H, Rahmani F, Ghorbani K. Relationships between nurses’ perceived social support, emotional labor, presenteeism, and psychiatric distress during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychol. 2025;13(1)

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update: 2026-07-11 18:03:35

No citation recorded.