DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jpl.2023.51132

Dampak Pencemaran Mikroplastik di wilayah Pesisir dan Kelautan

*Fadel Ikrar Jamika  -  Departemen Ilmu Lingkungan, Sekolah Pasca Sarjana, Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia
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Abstract
Permasalahan lingkungan hidup di dunia sangat beragam, tak terkecuali terkait pencemaran di wilayah pesisir dan kelautan. Pengelolaan pesisir dan kelautan memiliki kompleksitas masalah, peluang, dan tantangan tersendiri yang berbeda di setiap daerah. Masalah utama dalam pengelolaan pesisir dan kelautan adalah masalah pencemaran sampah plastik khususnya mikroplastik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan gambaran dan dampak pencemaran mikroplastik di wilayah pesisir dan kelautan. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif atau literatur review. Mikroplastik merupakan plastik yang mengalami degradasi dan berukuran diameter < 5 mm. Sumber mikroplastik terdiri dari yaitu primer dan sekunder. Mikroplastik masuk ke wilayah pesisir dan laut melalui beberapa cara seperti aliran air dari sungai, angin, dan terbawa oleh arus dan beberapa masuk ke laut melalui limpasan. Pencemaran mikroplastik mempunyai dampak luas, diantaranya kesehatan manusia, ekonomi, pariwisata dan estetika pantai. Mikroplastik di lingkungan pesisir dan laut menyebabkan kerusakan serius pada kehidupan laut, ikan, kematian hewan laut melalui lilitan dan menelan puing-puing plastik
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Keywords: Lingkungan, Mikroplastik, Pesisir dan Kelautan

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