DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jpl.2026.82761

Fish Diversity and Abundance in Coral Reef Ecosystem in The Waters of Cemara Besar Island, Karimunjawa National Park

*Guntur Rahmat Samudra  -  Department of Aquatic Resources, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia
Agus Hartoko scopus  -  Department of Aquatic Resources, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia
Sigit Febrianto scopus  -  Department of Aquatic Resources, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia
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Abstract
Cemara Besar Island is one of islands in Karimunjawa National Park facing serious threat in its coral reef fish ecosystem due to tourism activities that do not pay sufficient attention to environmental aspects. Tourism visits continue to increase, reaching 31,587 visits in 2023, and 41,437 visits in 2024. Poor supervision of tourism activities, such as stepping on coral and anchoring boats, has the potential to cause significant adverse effects on coral reefs and fish populations. Damage to coral reef ecosystems causes fish to migrate to other reef areas. The presence of fish in coral ecosystems is a tourism attraction that provides economic benefits to the surrounding community. This study aims to determine the diversity and abundance of reef fish on Cemara Besar Island and will be conducted in September 2024. Field studies used the Underwater Visual Transect (UVC) method for field data collection. This study also examined coral reef conditions as fish habitats using the Line Intercept Transect (LIT) method to obtain supporting data. The survey and descriptive quantitative research methods used in this study obtained primary data on fish diversity and abundance as well as coral reef cover. The results showed that the abundance and diversity of fish were good, with a moderate level of diversity, a uniformity level classified as a stressed community, and a low level of dominance. In 2020, coral cover on Cemara Besar Island was only 54.4%, and in 2024, it ranged from 60 to 68%, indicating a significant improvement and showing that the coral reef ecosystem on Cemara Besar Island is good and well managed.
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Keywords: Abundance; Cemara Besar Island; Diversity; Fish; Reefs

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