DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jpwk.v22i3.82672

Ruang Terbuka Hijau dan Luaran Kesehatan Masyarakat: Analisis Data Panel di Provinsi Jawa Barat, Indonesia

*Sayuti Sayuti  -  Fakultas Politik Pemerintahan, Institut Pemerintahan Dalam Negeri, Jatinangor, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
Laili Rahayuwati orcid scopus  -  Fakultas Keperawatan, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
Maria Komariah orcid scopus  -  Fakultas Keperawatan, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
Aleknaek Martua  -  Fakultas Politik Pemerintahan, Institut Pemerintahan Dalam Negeri, Jatinangor, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
Irawati Tamara  -  Fakultas Politik Pemerintahan, Institut Pemerintahan Dalam Negeri, Jatinangor, Jawa Barat, Indonesia

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Abstract
Luaran kesehatan masyarakat merupakan salah satu indikator keberhasilan pembangunan yang dalam penelitian ini diukur melalui diabetes melitus, stunting, dan kematian neonatal. Provinsi Jawa Barat dipilih sebagai lokasi penelitian karena memiliki karakteristik demografis, sosial-ekonomi, dan spasial yang beragam, sehingga dapat menggambarkan dinamika pembangunan dan kesehatan masyarakat hingga tahun 2024. Penelitian terdahulu mendukung kebijakan RTH (Ruang Terbuka Hijau) dimungkinkan mampu berpotensi meningkatkan kualitas hidup perkotaan dan keberlanjutan lingkungan, serta meningkatkan kualitas luaran kesehatan masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pedekatan data sekunder, dengan variabel luaran kualitas kesehatan masyarakat diantaranya kematian neonatal, stunting dan diabetes mellitus. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan analisis regresi binomial negatif untuk memeriksa hubungan empiris antara indikator kesehatan masyarakat dan variabel lingkungan di Jawa Barat. Hasil estimasi data panel menunjukkan bahwa ruang terbuka hijau (RTH) memiliki pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap luaran kesehatan masyarakat. Dengan peningkatan RTH sebesar 1 KM2 ini berkorelasi dengan penurunan insiden diabetes mellitus, kematian neonatal, dan stunting masing-masing sebesar 1%. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa intervensi medis bukan satu-satunya faktor yang mempengaruhi hasil kesehatan masyarakat; pembangunan wilayah dan lingkungan hidup juga berperan. Penemuan penelitian ini menegaskan secara kebijakan dan praktis bahwa pendekatan kebijakan tata ruang, kebijakan fiskal, dan strategi pembangunan ekonomi harus disusun secara bersamaan.

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Keywords: Ruang Terbuka Hijau; Luaran Kesehatan Masyarakat; Kebijakan Publik; Provinsi Jawa Barat

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