DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/teknik.v42i2.39642

Reactivation of the Spent Residue Fluid Catalytic Cracking (RFCC) Catalyst through Acid Treatment for Palm Oil Cracking to Biofuels

Rahma Amalia  -  Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Central Java 50275, Indonesia., Indonesia
Teguh Riyanto orcid scopus publons  -  Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Central Java 50275, Indonesia., Indonesia
*Istadi Istadi orcid scopus publons  -  Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Central Java 50275, Indonesia., Indonesia
Open Access Copyright (c) 2021 TEKNIK

Citation Format:
Abstract
This work discusses the treated spent Residue Fluid Catalytic Cracking (RFCC) catalysts using sulfuric or citric acids to examine the impact of acid treatment on the catalyst physicochemical properties and structural characteristics. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and Brunauer−Emmett−Teller-Barrett−Joyner−Halenda (BET-BJH) methods. The catalytsts were performed in a continuous fixed-bed reactor for catalytic cracking of palm oil. Changes of the catalyst characteristics and catalytic performance testing of the catalyst after the acid treatment for palm oil cracking process were discussed. It was found that the acid treatment on the spent RFCC catalyst can increase the surface area and pore volume of catalysts as well as the crystallinity. The closed pores in the spent RFCC are opened by acid treatment by eliminating heavy metals. Concerning to the catalytic performance, the acid-treated catalysts had better performance than the non-treated catalyst, which could increase selectivity of the kerosene-diesel range fraction from 47.89% to 55.41%. It was interested, since the non-treated catalyst could not produce gasoline fraction, while the acid-treated catalsysts could produce gasoline fraction at selectivity range of 0.57 – 0.84%. It was suggested that both sulfuric or citric acids treatment could increase the cracking performance of spent RFCC catalyst by shifting the product to lower hydrocarbons.
Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: Spent RFCC catalyst; acid treatment; catalyst properties; catalytic cracking; palm oil; biofuels

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Artikel
Language : EN
Recent articles
The Impact of Using Portable Sealer on Drop Out Component' Number at Surface Mounting Technology Production Line Technical Reasoning on a Local Government Land Property as Heuristic Tool to Accommodate City Leaders Strategic Planning Embodied Energy and Embodied Carbon Consumption Analysis of 36-Type Simple House Building Materials Back Matter Front Matter More recent articles
Most cited articles
Studi Kerentanan Air Tanah Terhadap Kontaminan Menggunakan Metode Drastic di Kota Pekalongan FAKTOR - FAKTOR PENYEBAB MUNCULNYA ACTIVITY SUPPORT DI KAWASAN RUANG PUBLIK BUNDARAN HOTEL INDONESIA JAKARTA PUSAT TIPOLOGI DAN KONSEP INTEGRASI PADA LINGKUNGAN BANGUNAN PENDIDIKAN DENGAN KARAKTER ARSITEKTUR KOLONIAL DI JALAN KARTINI KOTA SALATIGA Pengaruh Activity Support terhadap Kualitas Visual Koridor Jalan K.H. Agus Salim Semarang INVENTARISASI PERUBAHAN WILAYAH PANTAI DENGAN METODE PENGINDERAAN JAUH (STUDI KASUS KOTA SEMARANG) More cited articles
  1. Alaba, P. A., Sani, Y. M., Mohammed, I. Y., Abakr, Y. A., & Daud, W. M. A. W. (2017). Synthesis and characterization of sulfated hierarchical nanoporous faujasite zeolite for efficient transesterification of shea butter. Journal of Cleaner Production, 142, 1987–1993
  2. Bertero, M., García, J. R., Falco, M., & Sedran, U. (2019). Equilibrium FCC catalysts to improve liquid products from biomass pyrolysis. Renewable Energy, 132, 11–18
  3. Cheng, J., Zhang, Z., Zhang, X., Liu, J., Zhou, J., & Cen, K. (2019). Sulfonated mesoporous Y zeolite with nickel to catalyze hydrocracking of microalgae biodiesel into jet fuel range hydrocarbons. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 44(3), 1650–1658
  4. De la Puente, G., Sousa-Aguiar, E. F., Costa, A. F., & Sedran, U. (2003). The influence on selectivity of the aluminum content in the matrix of FCC catalysts. Applied Catalysis A: General, 242(2), 381–391
  5. Fan, Y., Bao, X., Lin, X., Shi, G., & Liu, H. (2006). Acidity adjustment of HZSM-5 zeolites by dealumination and realumination with steaming and citric acid treatments. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 110(31), 15411–15416
  6. Ishihara, A. (2019). Preparation and reactivity of hierarchical catalysts in catalytic cracking. Fuel Processing Technology, 194(5), 106116
  7. Istadi, I., Riyanto, T., Buchori, L., Anggoro, D. D., Gilbert, G., Meiranti, K. A., & Khofiyanida, E. (2020). Enhancing Brønsted and Lewis Acid Sites of the Utilized Spent RFCC Catalyst Waste for the Continuous Cracking Process of Palm Oil to Biofuels. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 59(20), 9459–9468
  8. Istadi, I., Riyanto, T., Buchori, L., Anggoro, D. D., Pakpahan, A. W. S., & Pakpahan, A. J. (2021). Biofuels production from catalytic cracking of palm oil using modified hy zeolite catalysts over a continuous fixed bed catalytic reactor. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 10(1), 149–156
  9. Jin, W., Wang, B., Tuo, P., Li, C., Li, L., Zhao, H., Gao, X., & Shen, B. (2018). Selective Desilication, Mesopores Formation, and MTO Reaction Enhancement via Citric Acid Treatment of Zeolite SAPO-34. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 57(12), 4231–4236
  10. Kumar, S., Sinha, A. K., Hegde, S. G., & Sivasanker, S. (2000). Influence of mild dealumination on physicochemical, acidic and catalytic properties of H-ZSM-5. Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical, 154(1–2), 115–120
  11. Le, T., Wang, Q., Ravindra, A. V., Li, X., & Ju, S. (2019). Microwave intensified synthesis of Zeolite-Y from spent FCC catalyst after acid activation. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 776, 437–446
  12. Li, C., Ma, J., Xiao, Z., Hector, S. B., Liu, R., Zuo, S., Xie, X., Zhang, A., Wu, H., & Liu, Q. (2018). Catalytic cracking of Swida wilsoniana oil for hydrocarbon biofuel over Cu-modified ZSM-5 zeolite. Fuel, 218(1), 59–66
  13. Li, W., Zheng, J., Luo, Y., Tu, C., Zhang, Y., & Da, Z. (2017). Hierarchical Zeolite Y with Full Crystallinity: Formation Mechanism and Catalytic Cracking Performance. Energy and Fuels, 31(4), 3804–3811
  14. Lu, G., Lu, X., & Liu, P. (2020). Reactivation of spent FCC catalyst by mixed acid leaching for efficient catalytic cracking. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 92, 236–242
  15. Makertihartha, I. G. B. N., Kadja, G. T. M., Gunawan, M. L., Mukti, R. R., & Subagjo. (2020). Exceptional aromatic distribution in the conversion of palm-oil to biohydrocarbon using zeolite-based catalyst. Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences, 52(4), 584–597
  16. Sadeghbeigi, R. (2012). Fluid Catalytic Cracking Handbook. In Fluid Catalytic Cracking Handbook (pp. 87-115). Elsevier Inc
  17. Vieira, S. S., Magriotis, Z. M., Ribeiro, M. F., Graça, I., Fernandes, A., Lopes, J. M. F. M., Coelho, S. M., Santos, N. A. V., & Saczk, A. A. (2015). Use of HZSM-5 modified with citric acid as acid heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production via esterification of oleic acid. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 201(C), 160–168
  18. Wallenstein, D., Farmer, D., Knoell, J., Fougret, C. M., & Brandt, S. (2013). Progress in the deactivation of metals contaminated FCC catalysts by a novel catalyst metallation method. Applied Catalysis A: General, 462–463, 91–99
  19. Wang, X., Wang, K., Plackowski, C. A., & Nguyen, A. V. (2016). Sulfuric acid dissolution of 4A and Na-Y synthetic zeolites and effects on Na-Y surface and particle properties. Applied Surface Science, 367, 281–290
  20. Xiao, L., Mao, J., Zhou, J., Guo, X., & Zhang, S. (2011). Enhanced performance of HY zeolites by acid wash for glycerol etherification with isobutene. Applied Catalysis A: General, 393(1–2), 88–95
  21. Xin-Mei, L., & Zi-Feng, Y. (2001). Optimization of nanopores and acidity of USY zeolite by citric modification. Catalysis Today, 68(1–3), 145–154

Last update:

  1. Analysis of CaCO3 Impregnation on HY Zeolite Surface Area, Pore Size, and Activity in the Catalytic Cracking of Palm Oil to Biofuels

    Rosyad Adrian Febriansyar, Teguh Riyanto, I. Istadi. TEKNIK, 43 (1), 2022. doi: 10.14710/teknik.v43i1.44579

Last update: 2024-11-20 08:49:28

No citation recorded.