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Growth kinetics and Protease Activity 36K Isolates Derived from Mangrove Ecosystem Sediment, Karimunjawa, Jepara (Kinetika Pertumbuhan dan Aktivitas Protease Isolat 36k Berasal dari Sedimen Ekosistem Mangrove, Karimunjawa, Jepara)

1Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Diponegoro, Mahasiswa Program Pasca sarjana PS Bioteknologi Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia

2Program Studi Bioteknologi Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia

3Program Studi Budidaya Perairan Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Jepara, Indonesia

Published: 1 Sep 2015.

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Abstract

Budidaya perikanan laut dan payau menghasilkan sejumlah besar limbah organik yang dibuang ke lingkungan sekitarnya. Sebagian besar limbah organik ini berasal dari sisa pakan, dan feses. Faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan produksi budidaya udang adalah munculnya penyakit dan penurunan kualitas air yang dikarenakan adanya akumulasi bahan organik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kinetika pertumbuhan dan aktivitas protease bakteri sedimen mangrove dari Karimunjawa - Jepara yang berpotensi sebagai kandidat konsursium probiotik dengan kemampuan aktifitas bioremediasi. Pertumbuhan bakteri isolat 36K memiliki Fase lag (adaptasi) pada waktu kultivasi jam ke-0 hingga jam ke-4. Sedangkan pada jam ke-6 hingga jam ke-30,  isolat 36K  telah  memasuki fase logaritmik (eksponensial) yang dicirikan dengan adanya pertumbuhan yang siknifikan. Pada waktu pertumbuhan jam ke-30 diperoleh nilai OD sebesar 1,939±0,0125 dengan berat kering biomassa bakteri sebesar 1,325±0,043 mg.ml-1, laju pertumbuhan  spesifik (µ) sebesar 0,1446 jam-1, jumlah generasi 8,7609 dan waktu generasi 4,794 jam. Selanjutnya waktu pertumbuhan jam ke-36 hingga jam ke-42, sel isolat 36K  mengalami fase pertumbuhan yang relatif tetap yaitu memasuki fase stasioner. Berikutnya adalah fase kematin pada jam ke-42 hingga jam ke-48, terjadi penurunan laju pertumbuhan yang disebabkan oleh kekurangan materi pertumbuhan seperti vitamin dan unsur mineral. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa kadar protein diawal sampai akhir penelitian mengalami penurunan sebesar  97,365%. Nilai laju penurunan kadar protein di media kultur bakteri adalah 0,255±0,005 mg.ml-1jam-1. Produksi enzim protease isolat 36K  dilakukan  ketika  biakan berumur 2 jam hingga 6 jam dengan aktivitas optimum dicapai pada 6 jam masa inkubasi fase eksponensial pertumbuhan bakteri.

Kata kunci: sedimen, mangrove, bioremediasi, pertumbuhan, protease

 

Marine and brackishwater culture produced large number of organic waste, mostly from leftover feed and faeces, which normally released to the nearby water system and becoming source of deseases and reducing water quality.  The study was aimed to determine the growth kinetics and protease activity of 36k isolate from mangrove sediment of Karimunjawa, Jepara which possibly developed into probiotic consortium candidate with bioremediation activity capability. The study was able to describe the growth kinetics and protease activity of 36k isolate which has lag phase (adaptation) on the 0 to the first 4 hours. Meanwhile from 6th to 30th hours isolate 36k entering logarithmic phase (exponential) characterized by significant growth. At the 30th hours period the OD value was 1,939±0,0125, bacterial biomass dry weight of   1,325±0,043 mg.ml-1, specific growth rate (µ) was 0,1446 hours, number of generation 8,7609 dan regeneration time of  4,794 hour. Between 36 to 42 hours the growth of  36k isolate cell was relatively no difference indicating the stationer phase has reached followed by mortality phase between the 42–48 hours where the growth rate was decline due to the limitation of growth material such as vitamins and minerals.  The result also show that protein consentration was significantly decline up to   97,365%. The reduction of of protein content was 0,255±0,005 mg.ml-1.hour-1. The production of enzyme in cultured bacteria was conducted between first 2–6 hours and reach the optimum activity by 6 hours incubation i.e. at the exponential growth phase. The substrate consumption by 36K bacteria isolate was indicated by the decline of reduced sugar with average rate of substrate consumption of 2,0557 g.g-1.

Keywords: sediment, mangrove, bioremediasion, growth, protease

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