skip to main content

Synthesis of 4-tert-Butyltoluene by Vapor Phase tert-Butylation of Toluene with tert-Butylalcohol over USY Zeolite

*Yan Ming Shen  -  School of Chemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
Shan Yuan  -  School of Chemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
Li Hui Fan  -  School of Chemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
Dong Bin Liu  -  School of Chemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
Shi Feng Li  -  School of Chemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China

Citation Format:
graphical 7140
Abstract

Vapour phase tert-butylation of toluene with tert-butylalcohol was studied over ultra-stable Y zeolite (USY) catalyst. The effects of reaction temperature, toluene/TBA molar ratio and liquid space velocity on conversion of toluene and selectivity for 4-tert-butyltoluene were studied. The deactivation and regeneration of the catalyst was also investigated. The results showed that the USY zeolite catalyst offered better toluene conversion of about 30 % and 4-tert-butyltoluene selectivity of about 89 % at the suitable reaction condition as follows: reaction temperature of 120 oC, toluene/TBA ratio of 2:1 and liquid space velocity of 2 ml/g·h. The clogging of mocropores by the formed carbon or oligomers was the main reason for the deactivation of the catalyst. By combustion at 550 oC, the catalyst just lost about 5 % in toluene conversion and about 2 % in PTBT selectivity. © 2015 BCREC UNDIP. All rights reserved

Received: 17th July 2014; Revised: 31st August 2014; Accepted: 3rd September 2014

How to Cite: Shen, Y.M., Yuan, S., Fan, L., Liu, D.B., Li, S.F. (2015). Synthesis of 4-tert-Butyltoluene by Vapor Phase tert-Butylation of Toluene with tert-Butylalcohol over USY Zeolite. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 10 (1): 1-7. (doi:10.9767/bcrec.10.1.7140.1-7)

Permalink/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.10.1.7140.1-7

Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: Toluene; Butylation; 4-tert-Butyltoluene; USY; Vapor phase

Article Metrics:

  1. Selvaraj, M., Jeon, S. H., Han, J., Sinha, P. K. and Lee, T. G. (2005). A novel route to produce 4-t-butyltoluene by t-butylation of toluene with t-butylalcohol over mesoporous Al-MCM-41 molecular sieves. Applied Catalysis A: General 286(1): 44-51
  2. López Contreras, A. M., Kuit, W., Siemerink, M. A. J., Kengen, S. W. M., Springer, J. and Claassen, P. A. M. (2010). Production of longer-chain alcohols from lignocellulosic biomass: butanol, isopropanol and 2,3-butanediol. Bioalcohol Production. K. Waldron, Woodhead Publishing: 415-460
  3. Raganati, F., Olivieri, G., Procentese, A., Russo, M. E., Salatino, P. and Marzocchella, A. (2013). Butanol production by bioconversion of cheese whey in a continuous packed bed reactor. Bioresource Technology 138: 259-265
  4. Pai, S., Gupta, U. and Chilukuri, S. (2007). Butylation of toluene: Influence of zeolite structure and acidity on 4-tert-butyltoluene selectivity. Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical 265(1–2): 109-116
  5. Kostrab, G., Mravec, D., Bajus, M., Janotka, I., Sugi, Y., Cho, S. J. and Kim, J. H. (2006). tert-Butylation of toluene over mordenite and cerium-modified mordenite catalysts. Applied Catalysis A: General 299: 122-130
  6. Zhou, Z., Wu, W., Wang, J. and Zeng, C. (2009). Tert-butylation of Toluene with Tert-butyl Alcohol over Realuminated H-mordenite Zeolite. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 17(2): 195-199
  7. Mravec, D., Zavadan, P., Kaszonyi, A., Joffre, J. and Moreau, P. (2004). Tert-butylation of toluene over zeolite catalysts. Applied Catalysis A: General 257(1): 49-55
  8. Selvaraj, M. and Lee, T. G. (2005). t-Butylation of toluene with t-butyl alcohol over mesoporous Zn–Al–MCM-41 molecular sieves. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 85(1–2): 59-74
  9. Sebastian, C. P., Pai, S., Sharanappa, N. and Satyanarayana, C. V. V. (2004). Regio selective butylation of toluene on mordenite catalysts: influence of acidity. Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical 223(1–2): 305-311
  10. Wang, C., Fan, L., Shen, Y., Liu, D. and Xu, S. (2012). Gas-phase Synthesis of para-tert-butyltoluene from Toluene and tert-Butyl Alcohol over H-Mordenite Catalyst. Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology (China) 28: 50-56
  11. Parise, J. B., Corbin, D. R., Abrams, L. and Cox, D. E. (1984). Structure of dealuminated Linde Y-zeolite; Si139.7Al52.3O384 and Si173.1Al18.9O384: presence of non-framework Al species. Acta Crystallographica Section C 40(9): 1493-1497
  12. Wang, H., Yu, D., Sun, P., Yan, J., Wang, Y. and Huang, H. (2008). Rare earth metal modified NaY: Structure and catalytic performance for lactic acid dehydration to acrylic acid. Catalysis Communications 9(9): 1799-1803
  13. Rossetti, I., Bencini, E., Trentini, L. and Forni, L. (2005). Study of the deactivation of a commercial catalyst for ethylbenzene dehydrogenation to styrene. Applied Catalysis A: General 292: 118-123
  14. Maldonado-Hódar, F. J., Ribeiro, M. F., Silva, J. M., Antunes, A. P. and Ribeiro, F. R. (1998). Aromatization ofn-Heptane on Pt/Alkali or Alkali-Earth Exchanged Beta Zeolite Catalysts: Catalyst Deactivation and Regeneration. Journal of Catalysis 178(1): 1-13
  15. Radwan, A. M., Kyotani, T. and Tomita, A. (2000). Characterization of coke deposited from cracking of benzene over USY zeolite catalyst. Applied Catalysis A: General 192(1): 43-50

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update:

No citation recorded.