Kandungan Mikroplastik pada Rajungan (Portunus pelagicus), Air Laut, dan Sedimen Di Perairan Desa Gugunung Wetan Kabupaten Rembang, Jawa Tengah

Abstract

Rembang merupakan salah satu wilayah yang memiliki daerah pantai, karena letaknya yang berada di Utara Pulau Jawa. Perairan laut Kabupaten Rembang merupakan salah satu penghasil perikanan yang besar di Indonesia, salah satu jenisnya yaitu rajungan (Portunus pelagicus). Rajungan sangat rentan terhadap kontaminasi mikroplastik dikarenakan hidup di daerah pasang surut (intertidal) atau didasar perairan yang langsung bersentuhan dengan substrat. Tujuan penelitian ini mengkaji dan menganalisis kandungan mikroplastik pada daging rajungan (Portunus pelagicus), air laut, dan sedimen di perairan laut Desa Gegunung Wetan, Kabupaten Rembang, Jawa Tengah. Sampel rajungan, air laut, dan sedimen kemudian dilakukan analisis kandungan mikroplastik menggunakan 2 metode, yaitu metode analisis fisikal yang di lakukan Laboratorium Tropical Marine Biotechnologi, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang dan metode analisis FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) yang dilakukan di Laboratorium Terpadu Universitas Gajah Mada, Yogyakarta. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan ditemukan adanya partikel mikroplastik pada sampel rajungan adalah 68 partikel mikroplastik, dengan hasil FTIR menunjukan mikroplastik berjenis Polystyrene, Polycarbonate, Latex, Nitrile, dan Poly (Methyl Methacrylate) (PMMA atau Acrylic). Kemudian total kandungan mikroplastik pada sampel air laut adalah 28 partikel mikroplastik, dengan hasil FTIR menunjukan mikroplastik berjenis Polystyrene dan Polycarbonate. Selanjutnya total kandungan mikroplastik pada sampel sedimen adalah 33 partikel mikroplastik, dengan hasil FTIR menunjukan mikroplastik berjenis Polypropylene, Polycarbonate, Polystyrene, Polyethylene Terephthalate (PETE), dan Nitrile.

Rembang is one of the areas that has a coastal area, because it is located in the north of the island of Java. The marine waters of Rembang Regency are one of the largest fishery producers in Indonesia, one of which is the blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus). Crayfish are very susceptible to microplastic contamination because they live in intertidal areas or on the bottom of waters that are in direct contact with the substrate. The purpose of this study was to examine and analyze the content of microplastics in blue swimming crab meat (Portunus pelagicus), seawater, and sediments in the sea waters of Gegunung Wetan Village, Rembang Regency, Central Java. The blue swimming crab, seawater, and sediment samples were then analyzed for microplastic content using 2 methods, namely the physical analysis method carried out by the Tropical Marine Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang and the FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) analysis method carried out at the Integrated Laboratory of Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta. The results showed that microplastic particles were found in the swimming crab, seawater, and sediment samples. The total microplastic content in the swimming crab sample was 68 microplastic particles, with the FTIR results showing the microplastics of the types Polystyrene, Polycarbonate, Latex, Nitrile, and Poly (Methyl Methacrylate) (PMMA or Acrylic). Then, the total microplastic content in the seawater sample was 28 microplastic particles, with the FTIR results showing polystyrene and polycarbonate microplastics. Furthermore, the total microplastic content in the sediment sample was 33 microplastic particles, with FTIR results showing microplastics of the types Polypropylene, Polycarbonate, Polystyrene, Polyethylene Terephthalate (PETE), and Nitrile.