DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/geoplanning.12.2.%25p

Empirical evidence of environmental degradation using geospatial technology in Tasik Temenggor, Royal Belum Perak, Malaysia

*Siti Aekbal Salleh orcid scopus publons  -  School of Geomatics Science and Natural Resources, College of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Selangor, Malaysia., Malaysia
Kamilia Kamaruzzaman  -  3DTech Parametric Sdn Bhd, Menara Uncang Emas, 3, Taman Miharja, 55200 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Malaysia

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Abstract

Freshwater lakes are vital ecosystems that play a crucial role in maintaining biodiversity, providing essential ecosystem services, and supporting human well-being. Nevertheless, Tasik Temenggor's ecosystem faces severe pressure from human activities such as land reclamation, habitat deterioration, and eutrophication. However, these complex interactions remain poorly understood. Thus, this study aims to identify the factors associated with environmental degradation, specifically focusing on climatic and meteorological parameters as well as analyze their temporal changes through a spatio-temporal analysis. The objective of this study is i) to identify significant variables, ii) to quantify the factors of environmental degradation and iii) to determine environmental degradation with spatio-temporal analyses. This study was carried out after defining the research questions and objectives and completing systematic literature review to find the significant variable for the study. Spatial data such as NDVI, LST, LULC and water quality were produced through image pre-processing and supervised classification. Subsequently, environmental datasets were combined, weights were assigned to variables using Principal Components tools in ArcGIS Pro, and the Weighted Overlay Analysis tool was used to create maps of environmental degradation. The results were analyzed, producing maps that show the level of environmental degradation in Tasik Temenggor over the years. The final output shows variations in the surrounding environment, with 2015 presenting primarily ‘Very Good’ conditions, indicating minimal degradation. Additionally, there were develops in ‘Good’ regions and moderate decline in other areas in 2020. Finally, while ‘Very Good’ conditions persisted, rises in the ‘Poor’ and ‘Very Poor’ categories indicated local degradation, particularly in developed and barren land areas for 2024. To conclude, this study demonstrated the application of geospatial technology in monitoring and assessing environmental degradation in Tasik Temenggor. The developed methodology can be used in similar studies, offering a comprehensive understanding and management of environmental conditions and sustainability.

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Keywords: Freshwater lakes; Geospatial techniques; Principal component analysis; Spatio-temporal analysis; Weighted overlay
Funding: the Universiti Teknologi MARA Matching Grant Scheme 600-TNCPI 5/3/DDN (10) (003/2023).

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Section: Original Research
Language : EN
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