Phytoplankton community structure and it’s relationships with water quality in Bangka Island, Indonesia

Phytoplankton plays an important role in primary productivity in marine environment. Various environmental changes in coastal area will impact the water quality and their phytoplankton compositions. The purpose of this study is to examine the abundance of phytoplankton from two different sites, i.e Tanah Merah (close to mining site) and Semujur Island (away from mining site) in Bangka Island. Phytoplankton and water sample were collected on June- August 2018. Water quality was measured using water quality checker, whereas the phytoplankton was identified under the microscope with a magnification of 100x. Non-parametric Kruskal test and T-test analysis was performed to determine the abundance, diversity, uniform, and dominance of phytoplankton between Sites, respectively. Statistical analyses showed the abundance of phytoplankton at Semujur Island was significantly higher than that at Tanah Merah (p = 0.003). In additions the diversity, uniform, and dominance were also significantly different between sites (all p <0.05). In Semujur Island, Diatoms (Thalassiothrix, Chaetoceros and Thalassionema) were more dominants than the Dinophyceae group. However, in Tanah Merah, the genera Ceratium belong to class Dinophyceae was more dominant than the class Bacillariophyceae. These results performed that the phytoplankton in Tanah Merah and Semujur Island was affected by environment, in this case the mining area. The water quality in Semujur Island (non-mining Area) might have good quality than in Tanah Merah (mining area). The average value of turbidity and Total Suspended Solid in Tanah Merah Waters causes low abundance of phytoplankton. It can be concluded that tin mining can disrupt the abundance and composition of phytoplankton as a primary producer of waters.
Article Metrics:
- Dickson, A.G. 1993. The Measurement of seawater pH. Mar. Chem. 44:131-142. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(93)90198-W
- Fachrul, M.F., Haeruman, H. & Sitepu, L.C. 2005. Komunitas Fitoplankton Sebagai Bio-Indokator Kualitas Perairan Teluk Jakarta, Proceeding Seminar Nasional MIPA UI, Fakultas MIPA Universitas Indonesia, Depok. 25-26 November 2005
- Gypens, N., Borges, A.V. & Lancelot, C. 2009. Effect of eutrophication on air-sea CO2 fluxes in the coastal Southern North Sea: a model study of the past 50 years. Global Change Biology, 15:1040-1056. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01773.x
- Haya, L.O.M.Y. 2012. Distribution Patterns of Phosphate and Nitrate and Relation to Development of Seaweed farming In North Moramo Waters. J. Fish. Mar. Sci., 1(2):24-32
- Jones, R., Fisher, R., Stark, C. & Ridd, P. 2015. Temporal Patterns in Seawater Quality from Dredging in Tropical Environments. Plos One. 10(10):e0137112. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0137112
- Lee, G.F. & Jones‐Lee, A. 2005. Eutrophication (excessive fertilization). Water Encyclopedia, 3:107-114. https://doi.org/10.1002/047147844X.sw1606
- Macdonald, R.K., Ridd, P.V., Whinney, J,C., Larcombe, P. & Neil, D.T. 2013. Towards Environmental Management of Water Turbidity Within Open Coastal Waters of The Great Barrier Reef. Mar. Poll. Bull., 72:82-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.07.026
- Millero, F.S. & Sohn, M.L. 1992. Chemical Oceanography. CRC Press. London
- Nguyen, G.T. & Nhien, H.T.H. 2020. Phytoplankton-Water Quality Relationship in Water Bodies in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. App. Environ. Res., 42(2):1-12. https://doi.org/10.35762/AER.2020.42.2.1
- Odum, W.E. 1988. Comparative ecology of tidal freshwater and salt marshes. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Sys., 19(1):147-176. https://doi.org/10.35762/AER
- Patey, M.D., Rijkenberg, M.J.A., Statham, P.J., Stinchcombe, M.C., Achterberg, E.P. & Mowlem, M. 2008. Determination of nitrate and phosphate in seawater at nanomolar concentrations. Trends in Anal. Chem., 27(2): 169-182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2007.12.006
- Reynolds, C., Huszar, V., Kruk, C., Naselli-Flores, L. & Melo, S. 2002. Towards a functional classification of the freshwater phytoplankton. J. Plankton. Res. 24:417-428. doi: 10.1093/plankt/24.5.417.https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/24.5.417
- Rachman, A. 2019. Phytoplankton Community Structure in the Waters Around The Coastal Tin Mining of West Bangka. J. Teknol. Ling., 20(2): 189-203. https://doi.org/10.29122/jtl.v20i2.2938
- Spatharis, S. & Tsirtsis, G. 2010. Ecological Quality Scales Based on Phytoplankton for the Implementation of Water Framework Directive in the Eastern Mediterranean. Ecol. Indicat., 10(4):840-847. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2010.01.005
- Tomas, C.R. 1997. Identifying Marine Phytoplankton. Academic Press. San Diego. California. USA. 858
- Troccoli, G.L., Herrera-Silveira, J.A. & Comı'n, F.A. 2004. Structuralvariations of phytoplankton in the coastal seas of Yucatan, Mexico. Hydrobiologia, 519: 85-102. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:HYDR.0000026487.78497.b6
- Widianingsih, R. Hartati, A. Djamali & Sugestiningsih. 2007. Abundant and Horizontal Distribution of Phytoplankton at East Coastal Belitung Island Waters. Ilmu Kelautan: Indonesian Journal of Marine Science, 12(1): 6-11
- Yamaji, I. 1979. Illustrations of the Marine Plankton of Japan. Hoikusha. Publisher: Hoikusha, Japan
- Zaghloul, F.A.R., Khairy, H.M., & Hussein, N.R. 2020. Assessment of phytoplankton community structure and water quality in the Eastern Harbor of Alexandria, Egypt. Egypt. J. Aqua. Res., 46(2):145-151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejar.2019.11.008
- Zuur, A.F., Ieno, E.N., Walker, N.J., Saveliev, A.A., & Smith, G.M. 2009. Mixed effects models and extensions in ecology with R. Springer.71-100. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-87458-6_4
Last update: 2021-04-17 11:16:29
Last update: 2021-04-17 11:16:29
License URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Copy this form and after filling it, please send it to ijms@undip.ac.id:
COPYRIGHT TRANSFER STATEMENT
When this article is accepted for publication, its copyright is transferred to ILMU KELAUTAN Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences, UNDIP. The copyright transfer covers the exclusive right to reproduce and distribute the article, including reprints, translations, photographic reproductions, microform, electronic form (offline, online) or any other reproductions of similar nature.
The author warrants that this article is original and that the author has full power to publish. The author signs for and accepts responsibility for releasing this material on behalf of any and all co-authors. In regard to all kind of plagiarism in this manuscript, if any, only the author(s) will take full responsibility. If the article is based on or part of student’s skripsi, thesis or dissertation, the student needs to sign as his/her agreement that his/her works is going to be published.
Title of article :...........................................................................................................................
Name of Author(s) :...........................................................................................................................
Author’s signature :...........................................................................................................................
Date :...........................................................................................................................