DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jil.22.4.894-903

Efek Ameliorasi Iklim Mikro dari Pepohonan pada Jalur Hijau Pedestrian Jl. Khatib Sulaiman, Kota Padang

1Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Barat, Indonesia

2Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kota Padang, Indonesia

3Politeknik Kampar, Indonesia

Received: 25 Jul 2023; Revised: 4 Feb 2024; Accepted: 21 Feb 2024; Available online: 28 May 2024; Published: 7 Jun 2024.
Editor(s): Budi Warsito

Citation Format:
Abstract

Vegetasi terutama pepohonan dikenal sebagai solusi berbasis alam yang dapat mengoptimalkan tingkat kenyamanan termal di ruang luar perkotaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan: 1) menghitung manfaat tajuk pohon dalam menurunkan suhu, 2) mengukur tingkat kenyamanan termal berdasarkan THI dan persepsi pengguna. Data dikumpulkan melalui pengukuran secara langsung melputi suhu, kelembapan, angin di bawah tajuk pohon dan di lahan terbuka, serta persepsi dari 50 responden. Manfaat tajuk pohon dalam menurunkan suhu dihitung melalui pendekatan selisih antara suhu di bawah tajuk dan pada area terbuka. Tingkat kenyamanan termal dihitung melalui rumus THI, dan persepsi kenyamanan termal menggunakan skala Likert kemudian dilakukan uji statistik Mann Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kondisi suhu di bawah tajuk pohon yang lebat dan lebar lebih dingin 2,1 0C pada siang hari, namun lebih hangat 0,3 0C pada malam hari dibandingkan pada tempat terbuka. Suhu di bawah tajuk lebih stabil yang ditunjukkan dengan interval perubahan yang lebih kecil dibandingkan pada tempat terbuka. Pengukuran indeks THI menunjukkan kriteria tidak nyaman baik di bawah tajuk maupun di daerah terbuka. Namun, warga merasakan nyaman di bawah tajuk dibandingkan pada area terbuka. Untuk menjawab kontradiksi hasil antara kriteria nyaman berdasarkan inteks THI dan persepsi nyaman, diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut yang komprehensif dengan parameter yang lebih kompleks.

Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: Ameliorasi iklim; Jalur hijau pedestrian; Ruang Terbuka Hijau; Kenyamanan termal

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Research Article
Language : ID
Recent articles
Analisis Hujan Ekstrem di Kabupaten Banyumas Tahun 2016–2021 Pemetaan Geomorfologi Detail untuk Analisis Karakteristik Erosi Tebing Sungai pada Sebagian Penggal Sungai Oyo, Kabupaten Bantul, Provinsi DIY Kesedian Membayar Wisatawan untuk Pelestarian Pantai di Desa Hukurila Kota Ambon More recent articles
Most cited articles
KAJIAN KERENTANAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PERUBAHAN IKLIM BERBASIS DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI (STUDI KASUS SUB DAS GARANG HULU) TEKNIK BIOREMEDIASI SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF DALAM UPAYA PENGENDALIAN PENCEMARAN AIR Analisis Penyebab Masyarakat Tetap Tinggal di Kawasan Rawan Bencana Gunung Merapi (Studi di Lereng Gunung Merapi Kecamatan Cangkringan, Kabupaten Sleman Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta) HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN ETIKA LINGKUNGAN DENGAN SIKAP DAN PERILAKU MENJAGA KELESTARIAN LINGKUNGAN Daya Dukung Jalur Pendakian Bukit Raya Di Taman Nasional Bukit Baka Raya Kalimantan Barat More cited articles
  1. [DLH] Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kota Padang, 2018. Visi dan Misi Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kota Padang [WWW Document]. URL http://dlh.padang.go.id/visi-dan-misi-dinas-lingkungan-hidup-kota-padang (accessed 9.2.21)
  2. Alfonzo, M.A., 2005. To Walk or Not to Walk? The Hierarchy of Walking Needs. Environ. Behav. 37, 808–836. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916504274016
  3. Ambrey, C.L., 2015. Walkable neighbourhoods , Physical activity and Wellbeing in Melbourne, Australia, in: 7th State of Australian Cities Conference, 9-11 December 2015, Gold Coast, Australia. State of Australasian Cities Conferences, Australia
  4. Antomi, Y., 2018. Model Prediksi Perubahan Penggunaan Lahan di Kota Padang. J. Geogr. 7, 69–84. https://doi.org/ISSN: 2614-6525
  5. Azahra, S.D., Destiana, Kartikawati, S.M., Pramulya, M., 2023. Potensi Jenis Pohon pada Ruang Terbuka Hijau Kota Pontianak dalam Ameliorasi Iklim Mikro. J. Bios Logos 13, 27–35. https://doi.org/10.35799/jbl.v13i1.46486
  6. Bunga, C., Setiawan, A., Masruri, N.W., 2017. Tingkat Kenyamanan Di Berbagai Taman Kota Di Bandar Lampung. J. Sylva Lestari 5, 48–57
  7. Carpenter, P.L., Walker, T.D., Lanphear, F.O., 1975. Plants in the landscape. W.H. Freeman & Co., San Francisco, USA
  8. Carver, A.D., Unger, D.R., Parks, C.L., 2004. Modeling energy savings from urban shade trees: An assessment of the CITYgreen® energy conservation module. Environ. Manage. 34, 650–655. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-002-7003-y
  9. City of Boulder Water Conservation Office, 2002. Calculating the Value of Boulder’s Urban Forest. City of Boulder Water Conservation Office, Boulder
  10. Dahlan, E.N., 2014. Karakter fisik pohon dan pengaruhnya terhadap iklim mikro (studi kasus di Hutan Kota dan RTH Kota Semarang). Forum Geogr. 28, 83–90
  11. Emmanuel, R.Ã., 2005. Thermal comfort implications of urbanization in a warm-humid city: the Colombo Metropolitan Region (CMR), Sri Lanka. Build. Environ. 40, 1591–1601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2004.12.004
  12. Farhadi, H., Faizi, M., Sanaieian, H., 2019. Mitigating the urban heat island in a residential area in Tehran: Investigating the role of vegetation, materials, and orientation of buildings. Sustain. Cities Soc. 46, 101448. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2019.101448
  13. Fauzy, A., 2019. Metode Sampling. Universitas Terbuka, Banten
  14. Ferdiansyah, E., Penggalih, W.R., 2022. Identifikasi Urban Heat Island dan Faktor yang Mempengaruhinya Menggunakan Google Earth Engine. Clim. Trop. Indones. Marit. Cont. J. 1, 5–11
  15. Grey, G.W., Deneke, F.J., 1978. Urban Forestry. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York (US)
  16. He, Q., Reith, A., 2023. A study on the impact of green infrastructure on microclimate and thermal comfort. Pollack Period. 18, 42–48. https://doi.org/10.1556/606.2022.00668
  17. Hwang, W.H., 2015. Investigating the Impact of Urban Tree Planting Strategies for Shade and Residential Energy Conservation. Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
  18. Kementerian Kesehatan RI, 2016. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Indonesia No 25 Tahun 2016 tentang Rencana Aksi Nasional Kesehatan Lanjut Usia Tahun 2016-2019. Indonesia
  19. Klemm, W., Heusinkveld, B.G., Lenzholzer, S., Jacobs, M.H., Van Hove, B., 2014. Psychological and physical impact of urban green spaces on outdoor thermal comfort during summertime in The Netherlands. Build. Environ. 83, 120–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.05.013
  20. Klemm, W., Heusinkveld, B.G., Lenzholzer, S., van Hove, B., 2015. Street greenery and its physical and psychological impact on thermal comfort. Landsc. Urban Plan. 138, 87–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2015.02.009
  21. Konarska, J., Holmer, B., Lindberg, F., Thorsson, S., 2016. Influence of vegetation and building geometry on the spatial variations of air temperature and cooling rates in a high-latitude city. Int. J. Climatol. 36, 2379–2395. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.4502
  22. Laurie, M., 1985. Pengantar Kepada Arsitektur Pertamanan [Terjemahan: An introduction to landscape architecture]. Multi Matra Media, Bandung
  23. Lehnert, M., Pánek, J., Kopp, J., Geletič, J., Květoňová, V., Jurek, M., 2023. Thermal comfort in urban areas on hot summer days and its improvement through participatory mapping: A case study of two Central European cities. Landsc. Urban Plan. 233, 104713. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2023.104713
  24. Li, J., Zheng, B., Ouyang, X., Chen, X., Bedra, K.B., 2021. Does shrub benefit the thermal comfort at pedestrian height in Singapore? Sustain. Cities Soc. 75, 103333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2021.103333
  25. Liu, F., Tian, Y., Jim, C., Wang, T., Luan, J., Yan, M., 2022. Residents’ living environments, self-rated health status and perceptions of urban green space benefits. Forests 13. https://doi.org/10.3390/f13010009
  26. Meili, N., Angel, J., Peleg, N., Manoli, G., Burlando, P., Fatichi, S., 2021. Vegetation cover and plant-trait effects on outdoor thermal comfort in a tropical city. Build. Environ. 195, 107733. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.107733
  27. Milantara, N., Fadilah, D., Popita, A., Gustin, M.E., Oktavianti, T., Subrata, E., 2022. Pemanfaatan Jalur Hijau Pedestrian Sebagai Alternatif Rekreasi Warga Sebelum Dan Saat Pandemi Covid-19 (Studi Kasus Pada Jl. Khatib Sulaiman, Kota Padang). Menara Ilmu 16, 65–75. https://doi.org/10.31869/mi.v16i1.3111
  28. Milantara, N., Lensari, D., 2023. Motif Pemanfaatan Ruang Terbuka Hijau Di Masa Pandemi (Studi Kasus Kota Padang). Menara Ilmu 17, 65–73. https://doi.org/10.31869/mi.v17i2.4279
  29. Milantara, N., Sulistyantara, B., Munandar, A., 2020. Pendugaan Nilai Ekonomi Pohon Dalam Menghemat Energi Listrik Pada Perumahan. Menara Ilmu XIV, 82–89. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31869/mi.v14i1.1867
  30. Nuraini, A., Budiarti, T., 2020. Evaluation of Thermal Comforts and Utilizations of Some Green Open Spaces in Cilegon City. IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci. 501. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/501/1/012043
  31. Nuruzzaman, M., 2015. Urban Heat Island : Causes , Effects and Mitigation Measures - A Review es of Urban Heat Island and Its Effects. Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 3, 67–73. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20150302.15
  32. Park, C.Y., Yoon, E.J., Lee, D.K., Thorne, J.H., 2020. Integrating four radiant heat load mitigation strategies is an efficient intervention to improve human health in urban environments. Sci. Total Environ. 698, 134259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134259
  33. Pemerintah Daerah Kota Padang, 2012. Peraturan Daerah Kota Padang Nomor 4 Tahun 2012 Tentang Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah Kota Padang Tahun 2010-2030, Peraturan Daerah Kota Padang
  34. Rahman, M.A., Moser, A., Rötzer, T., Pauleit, S., 2019. Comparing the transpirational and shading effects of two contrasting urban tree species. Urban Ecosyst. 22, 683–697. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-019-00853-x
  35. Rahman, M.A., Moser, A., Rötzer, T., Pauleit, S., 2017. Within canopy temperature differences and cooling ability of Tilia cordata trees grown in urban conditions. Build. Environ. 114, 118–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2016.12.013
  36. Rahmawati, S.N., Darusman, D., Hermawan, R., Avenzora, R., 2018. Nilai Ekonomi Hutan Kota Di Jakarta (Studi Kasus Hutan Kota Srengseng, Jakarta Barat). Media Konserv. 23, 262–273. https://doi.org/10.29244/medkon.23.3.262-273
  37. Richards, D.R., Fung, T.K., Belcher, R.N., Edwards, P.J., 2020. Differential air temperature cooling performance of urban vegetation types in the tropics. Urban For. Urban Green. 50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2020.126651
  38. Robinette, G.O., 1977. Landscape Planning for Energy Conservation. Environmental Design Press, Virginia
  39. Rupprecht, S., Brand, L., Böhler-Baedeker, S., Brunner, L.M., 2019. Guidelines for Developing and Implementing a Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan, Second Edition, 2nd ed, Rupprecht Consult. Rupprecht Consult - Forschung & Beratung GmbH, Berlin
  40. Sangkertadi, S., 2013. Pengaruh Kecepatan Angin terhadap Tingkat Kenyamanan Termal di Ruang Luar Iklim Tropis. J. Lingkung. Binaan Indones. 1, 1–9
  41. Santi, S., Belinda, S., Rianty, H., 2019. IDENTIFIKASI IKLIM MIKRO DAN KENYAMAN TERMAL RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU DI KENDARI. NALARs 18, 23. https://doi.org/10.24853/nalars.18.1.23-34
  42. Sayad, B., Alkama, D., Ahmad, H., Baili, J., Aljahdaly, N.H., Menni, Y., 2021a. Nature-based solutions to improve the summer thermal comfort outdoors. Case Stud. Therm. Eng. 28, 101399. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2021.101399
  43. Sayad, B., Alkama, D., Rebhi, R., Menni, Y., Ahmad, H., Inc, M., Sharifpur, M., Lorenzini, G., Azab, E., Elnaggar, A.Y., 2021b. Outdoor Thermal Comfort Optimization through Vegetation Parameterization: Species and Tree Layout. Sustainability 13, 11791. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132111791
  44. Shahidan, M.F., Shariff, M.K.M., Jones, P., Salleh, E., Abdullah, A.M., 2010. Landscape and Urban Planning A comparison of Mesua ferrea L . and Hura crepitans L . for shade creation and radiation modification in improving thermal comfort. Landsc. Urban Plan. 97, 168–181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2010.05.008
  45. Shashua-Bar, L., Pearlmutter, D., Erell, E., 2011. The influence of trees and grass on outdoor thermal comfort in a hot-arid environment. Int. J. Climatol. 31, 1498–1506. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.2177
  46. Speak, A., Montagnani, L., Wellstein, C., Zerbe, S., 2020. The influence of tree traits on urban ground surface shade cooling. Landsc. Urban Plan. 197, 103748. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2020.103748
  47. Syukur, R., 1993. Sistim Pengkondisian Udara Pada Mobil. IKIP Padang, Padang
  48. Yang, J., Wang, Z.H., Kaloush, K.E., 2015. Environmental impacts of reflective materials: Is high albedo a “silver bullet” for mitigating urban heat island? Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 47, 830–843. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.03.092
  49. Yilmaz, S., Mutlu, B.E., Aksu, A., Mutlu, E., Qaid, A., 2020. Street design scenarios using vegetation for sustainable thermal comfort in Erzurum , Turkey. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 28, 3672–3693
  50. Yoon, E.J., Kim, B., Lee, D.K., 2019. Multi-objective planning model for urban greening based on optimization algorithms. Urban For. Urban Green. 40, 183–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2019.01.004
  51. Zain, A.F.M., Syarie, A., Hardjoamidjo, S., 2010. Deteksi Penurunan Ruang Terbuka Hijau dan Dampaknya Terhadap Peningkatan Kawasan Rawan Banjir di Kota Padang, in: Prosiding Simposium Ilmiah Nasional Ikatan Arsitek Lansekap Indonesia 2010 - Pemberdayaan Peran Serta Profesi Arsitek Lanskap Dalam Mengatasi Masalah Kerusakan Lingkungan Dan Bencana Alam Melalui Pendekatan Konservasi Don Penataan Ruang. Ikatan Arsitektur Lanskap Indonesia, Bogor, pp. 1–7
  52. Zheng, Y., Keeffe, G., Mariotti, J., 2023. Nature-Based Solutions for Cooling in High-Density Neighbourhoods in Shenzhen: A Case Study of Baishizhou. Sustainability 15, 5509. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15065509
  53. Ziter, C.D., Pedersen, E.J., Kucharik, C.J., Turner, M.G., 2019. Scale-dependent interactions between tree canopy cover and impervious surfaces reduce daytime urban heat during summer. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 116, 7575–7580. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1817561116

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update: 2024-12-19 22:15:19

No citation recorded.