DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jil.23.3.830-844

Pengaruh Durasi Penggunaan Micro Bubble Terhadap Kualitas Air Limpasan Green Roof Ekstensif Berdasarkan Variasi Vegetasi

Departemen Teknik Sipil dan Lingkungan, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Indonesia

Received: 29 Jul 2024; Revised: 18 Mar 2025; Accepted: 29 Apr 2025; Available online: 25 May 2025; Published: 31 May 2025.
Editor(s): Budi Warsito

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Abstract

Green roof menjadi salah satu alternatif metode pemanenan air hujan seiring dengan berkurangnya daerah resapan air. Penambahan nutrisi penunjang pertumbuhan tanaman membuat air limpasan green roof menjadi turun kualitasnya. Beberapa parameter kualitas air seperti kekeruhan, total dissolved oxygen (TDS), daya hantar listrik, dan total suspended solid (TSS) masih belum memenuhi baku mutu air baku. Micro bubble (MB) menjadi salah satu metode alternatif pengolahan air limbah melalui proses aerasi untuk mempercepat waktu biodegradasi dua kali lipat lebih cepat. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh MB, menentukan status mutu, dan nilai efektivitas air limpasan green roof. Penelitian ini menggunakan variasi tanpa vegetasi dan vegetasi berupa lili paris, kacang hias, krokot mawar. Kinerja MB akan diuji melalui uji parameter temperatur, TDS, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), amonia, dan nitrit berdasarkan waktu pengoperasian MB selama 30, 45, 60, dan 75 menit. Acuan baku mutu menggunakan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 22 Tahun 2021 Lampiran VI. Penentuan status mutu air menggunakan metode STORET. Penggunaan micro bubble dalam proses pengolahan air limpasan green roof mengurangi beberapa parameter pencemar air dan telah memenuhi standar mutu untuk temperatur, TDS, pH, DO, dan amoniak. Durasi pengoperasian MB selama 75 menit menghasilkan efektivitas penyisihan TDS, COD, amonia dan nitrit terbesar dengan nilai efisiensi mencapai 7,06%, 17,43%, 75,42% dan 41,84%. Nilai efisiensi penyisihan pada waktu pengoperasian MB selama 75 menit tersebut ditunjukkan dengan perubahan status mutu air limpasan green roof dengan kelas B (tercemar ringan) berdasarkan US-EPA. Status mutu ini lebih baik dibandingkan waktu pengoperasian 30, 45, dan 60 menit yang mencapai Kelas C (tercemar sedang). Strategi optimalisasi dan implementatif untuk pengolahan air limpasan sehingga kualitas air dapat memenuhi baku mutu.

 

Green roofs have emerged as an alternative method for rainwater harvesting in response to the decreasing infiltration areas. However, adding nutrients to support plant growth can degrade the quality of green roof runoff. Water quality parameters, such as turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity, and total suspended solids (TSS), still need to meet the standard water quality criteria. Microbubbles (MB) present a promising alternative wastewater treatment method through aeration, significantly accelerating biodegradation. This study aims to analyze the effect of MB, determine water quality status, and assess the effectiveness of green roof runoff. The research involved variations with and without vegetation, specifically using plants like spider lily (Chlorophytum comosum), ornamental beans (Arachis pintoi), and purslane (Portulaca grandiflora). MB performance was evaluated through parameter tests for temperature, TDS, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia, and nitrite over MB operation times of 30, 45, 60, and 75 minutes. The water quality standards referenced were based on Indonesian Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021, Appendix VI. Water quality status was determined using the STORET method. Using microbubbles to treat green roof runoff reduced several water pollutants and met quality standards for temperature, TDS, pH, DO, and ammonia. MB operation for 75 minutes yielded the highest removal efficiencies for TDS, COD, ammonia, and nitrite at 7.06%, 17.43%, 75.42%, and 41.84%, respectively. This operation duration improved the runoff water quality status to Class B (lightly polluted) based on US-EPA standards, compared to Class C (moderately polluted) for the 30, 45, and 60-minute operation times. Optimization and implementation strategies for wastewater treatment are essential to ensure water quality meets established standards.

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Keywords: aeration; extensive green roof; water quality; micro bubble; rainwater harvesting

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