skip to main content

Differences in Development and Diet of Stunting and Non-Stunting Children in the Rowosari Health Center Work Area, Semarang, Indonesia

Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia

Received: 19 Dec 2021; Published: 1 Jun 2022.

Citation Format:
Abstract

Background: Stunting in children aged 36-59 months is caused by the intake of energy and protein below the average RDA recommendation. This low consumption has an impact on different growth and development disorders.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the differences in the development and diet of stunted and non-stunted children aged 36-59 months.

Materials and Methods: This was an observational study with a cross-sectional approach, which was carried out at the work area of the Rowosari Health Center. The sample population consisted of 67 children aged 36-59 months, which were selected using the simple random sampling technique. The characteristics of the subjects and mothers were then collected using a questionnaire. Meanwhile, data on the diet and child development were obtained with the 24-hour recall method and Developmental Pre-Screening Questionnaire (KPSP), respectively.

Results: The results showed that there were differences in the development as well as energy and protein adequacy level of stunted and non-stunted children with a p-value <0.05.

Conclusion: There were several deviant developments in non-stunted toddlers due to the lack of nutritional intake, stimulation, interaction with the environment as well as the low knowledge of mothers about child care patterns.

Note: This article has supplementary file(s).

Fulltext View|Download |  Surat Pernyataan
Surat Pernyataan
Subject Stunting, food intake, developmental score, KPSP
Type Surat Pernyataan
  Download (149KB)    Indexing metadata
Keywords: Stunting; diet; development; Semarang
Funding: -

Article Metrics:

  1. Schmidt CW. Beyond malnutrition: The role of sanitation in stunted growth. Environmental Health Perspectives [Internet]. 2014;122(11):A298–303. Tersedia pada: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4216152/
  2. UNICEF, WHO, World Bank Group. Levels and trends in child malnutrition: Key Findings of the 2020 Edition of the Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates. [Internet]. WHO. Genewa; 2020 [dikutip 28 Agustus 2020]. Tersedia pada: https://www.who.int/nutgrowthdb/estimates/en/
  3. UNICEF. Tracking Progress on Child and Maternal Nutrition: A survival and development priority [Internet]. United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF). New York: Unicef; 2009 [dikutip 12 Juni 2021]. Tersedia pada: https://www.unicef.org/publications/files/Tracking_Progress_on_Child_and_Maternal_Nutrition_EN_110309.pdf
  4. Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2018 [Internet]. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Kementrian RI. 2018 [dikutip 30 November 2020]. Tersedia pada: https://www.kemkes.go.id/resources/download/info-terkini/hasil-riskesdas-2018.pdf
  5. Maylasari I, Rachmawati Y, Agustina R, Silviliyana M, Noviani A, Sari M, et al. Analisis Perkembangan Anak Usia Dini Indonesia 2018: Integrasi Susenas dan Riskesdas 2018 [Internet]. Santoso B, Susilo D, Harahap IE, Astuti SP, Arsyad BA, Warman NI, et al., editor. Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik; 2020. 1–153 hal. Tersedia pada: https://www.bps.go.id/publication/2020/10/22/7318afd993e5483a36649b4d/analisis-perkembangan-anak-usia-dini-indonesia-2018-integrasi-susenas-dan-riskesdas-2018.html
  6. Prastiwi MH. Pertumbuhan Dan Perkembangan Anak Usia 3-6 Tahun. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Sandi Husada [Internet]. 2019;10(2):242–9. Tersedia pada: https://bit.ly/2VT9PWh
  7. Prado EL, Abbeddou S, Adu-afarwuah S, Arimond M. Linear Growth and Child Development. Pediatrics [Internet]. 2016;138(2):e20154698–e20154698. Tersedia pada: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27474016/
  8. Koshy B, Srinivasan M, Gopalakrishnan S, Mohan VR, Scharf R, Murray-Kolb L, et al. Are early childhood stunting and catch-up growth associated with school age cognition?—Evidence from an Indian birth cohort. Plos One [Internet]. 2022;17(3):e0264010. Tersedia pada: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264010
  9. Nahar B, Hossain M, Mahfuz M, Islam MM, Hossain MI, Murray-Kolb LE, et al. Early childhood development and stunting: Findings from the MAL-ED birth cohort study in Bangladesh. Maternal and Child Nutrition [Internet]. 2020;16(1):1–12. Tersedia pada: https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc7038907/bin/mcn-16-e12864-s001.docx
  10. Probosiwi H, Huriyati E, Ismail D. Stunting dan perkembangan anak usia 12-60 bulan di Kalasan. Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health [Internet]. 2017;33(11):1141–6. Tersedia pada: https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/197241-ID-none.pdf
  11. Drennen CR, Coleman SM, De Cuba SE, Frank DA, Chilton M, Cook JT, et al. Food insecurity, health, and development in children under age four years. Pediatrics [Internet]. 2019;144(4):1–11. Tersedia pada: https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/144/4/e20190824
  12. Solihin RDM, Anwar F, Sukandar D. Kaitan Antara Status Gizi, Perkembangan Kognitif, dan Perkembangan Motorik Pada Anak Usia Prasekolah. The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research [Internet]. 2013;36(1):62–72. Tersedia pada: http://ejournal.litbang.kemkes.go.id/index.php/pgm/article/view/3396
  13. Kementrian PPN/ Bappenas. Pembangunan Gizi Di Indonesia. 1 ed. Ali PB, Gani A, Zainal E, Nurhidayati E, Dharmawan A, editor. Jakarta Pusat: Direktorat Kesehatan dan Gizi Masyarakat; 2019
  14. Setiawan E, Machmud R, Masrul M. Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Stunting pada Anak Usia 24-59 Bulan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Andalas Kecamatan Padang Timur Kota Padang Tahun 2018. Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas. 2018;7(2):275
  15. Assis AMO, Prado MS, Barreto ML, Reis MG, Conceição Pinheiro SM, Parraga IM, et al. Childhood stunting in Northeast Brazil: The role of Schistosoma mansoni infection and inadequate dietary intake. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition [Internet]. 2004;58(7):1022–9. Tersedia pada: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15220944/
  16. Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Rencana Strategi Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Tengah Tahun 2018-2023 [Internet]. Semarang: Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Tengah; 2019. Tersedia pada: https://dinkesjatengprov.go.id/v2018/storage/2020/03/Renstra-2018-2023-Fix.pdf
  17. PH FKP, Sriatmi A, Kartini A. Evaluasi proses dalam program penanganan stunting di Semarang. Higeia Journal of Public Health Research and Development [Internet]. 2021;5(4):587–95. Tersedia pada: https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/higeia/article/view/52122
  18. Mustikaningrum AC, Subagio HW, Margawati A. Determinan kejadian stunting pada bayi usia 6 bulan di Kota Semarang. Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) [Internet]. 2016;4(2):82–8. Tersedia pada: https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/jgi/article/view/16302
  19. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan. Laporan Provinsi Jawa Tengah Riskesdas 2018. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Jakarta: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan; 2018. 88–94 hal
  20. Nadimin. Pola Makan, Keadaan Kesehatan Dan Suapan Zat Gizi Anak Balita Stunting Di Moncong Loe Kabupaten Maros Sulawesi Selatan. Media Kesehatan Politeknik Kesehatan Makassar [Internet]. 2018;13(1):48. Tersedia pada: https://www.neliti.com/publications/265506/pola-makan-keadaan-kesehatan-dan-suapan-zat-gizi-anak-balita-stunting-di-moncong#cite
  21. Supariasa IDN, Bakri B, Fajar I. Penilaian Status Gizi. Pertama. Ester M, editor. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kedokteran ECG; 2001. 36 hal
  22. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Pedoman Pelaksanaan Stimulasi, Deteksi dan Intervensi Dini Tumbuh Kembang Anak. kementerian Kesehatan RI. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI; 2016. 53–82 hal
  23. Kementrian Kesehatan. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No 28 tahun 2019 tentang Angka Kecukupan Gizi yang Dianjurkan untuk Masyarakat Indonesia [Internet]. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. 2019 [dikutip 10 Juli 2021]. Tersedia pada: https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/138621/permenkes-no-28-tahun-2019
  24. Abeway S, Gebremichael B, Murugan R, Assefa M, Adinew YM. Stunting and its determinants among children aged 6-59 Months in Northern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study [Internet]. Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism. Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism; 2018 [dikutip 15 Desember 2021]. hal. 1–8. Tersedia pada: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30046469/
  25. Mugianti S, Khoirun AA, Najah ZL. Faktor Penyebab Anak Stunting Usia 25-60 Bulan Di Kecamatan Sukorejo Kota Blitar. Jurnal Ners dan Kebidanan [Internet]. 2018;5(3):268–78. Tersedia pada: http://jnk.phb.ac.id/index.php/jnk/article/view/374
  26. Eunice A, Sarah D. An Assessment of the Nutritional Status of under Five Children in Four Districts in the Central Region of Ghana. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development [Internet]. 2015;3(11):851–60. Tersedia pada: https://ideas.repec.org/a/ags/ajosrd/198311.html
  27. Kamiya Y. Socioeconomic Determinants of Nutritional Status of Children in Lao PDR : Effects of Household and Community Factors. Journal of Health Population and Nutrition [Internet]. 2011;29(4):339–48. Tersedia pada: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3190364/
  28. Limwattananon S, Prakongsai P. Equity in maternal and child health in Thailand. Bull World Health Organ [Internet]. 2010;88(6):420–7. Tersedia pada: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2878146/
  29. Putri YH, Syamsianah A. Perbedaan Tumbuh Kembang Balita Stunting Dan Tidak Stunting di Puskesmas Duren Kabupaten Semarang [Internet]. Semarang; 2018. Tersedia pada: http://repository.unimus.ac.id/1787/
  30. Ningrum EW, Utami T. Hubungan antara Status Gizi Stunting Dan Perkembangan Balita Usia 12-59 Bulan. In: Seminar Nasional dan Presentasi Hasil-hasil Penelitian Pengabdian Masyarakat. 2017. hal. 70–9
  31. Miller AC, Murray MB, Thomson DR, Arbour MC. How consistent are associations between stunting and child development? Evidence from a meta-analysis of associations between stunting and multidimensional child development in fifteen low- and middle-income countries. Public Health Nutrition [Internet]. 2016;19(8):1339–47. Tersedia pada: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/public-health-nutrition/article/how-consistent-are-associations-between-stunting-and-child-development-evidence-from-a-metaanalysis-of-associations-between-stunting-and-multidimensional-child-development-in-fifteen-
  32. Khasanah U, Pradigdo SF. Perbedaan Perkembangan Antara Anak Yang Stunting Dan Non- Stunting ( Studi Kasus Di Tk Wilayah Pucang Gading , Jawa Tengah , Indonesia ). Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat [Internet]. 2020;8(2):278–83. Tersedia pada: https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/jkm/article/view/26417
  33. Xie W, Jensen SKG, Wade M, Kumar S, Westerlund A, Kakon SH, et al. Growth faltering is associated with altered brain functional connectivity and cognitive outcomes in urban Bangladeshi children exposed to early adversity. BMC Medicine [Internet]. 2019;17:1–11. Tersedia pada: https://bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12916-019-1431-5
  34. Adani FY, Nindya TS. Perbedaan Asupan Energi, Protein, Zink, dan Perkembangan pada Balita Stunting dan non Stunting. Amerta Nutrition [Internet]. 2017;1(2):46. Tersedia pada: https://www.e-journal.unair.ac.id/AMNT/article/view/6225/4379
  35. Mahfouz EM, Mohammed ES, Alkilany SF, Rahman TAA. The relationship between dietary intake and stunting among pre-school children in Upper Egypt. Public Health Nutrition [Internet]. 2021;25(3):1–9. Tersedia pada: https://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jmpi/article/view/32009
  36. Tessema M, Gunaratna NS, Brouwer ID, Donato K, Cohen JL, McConnell M, et al. Associations among high-quality protein and energy intake, serum transthyretin, serum amino acids and linear growth of children in Ethiopia. Nutrients [Internet]. 2018;10(11):1–17. Tersedia pada: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30453477/
  37. Kim K, Shin SC, Shim JE. Nutritional status of toddlers and preschoolers according to household income level: Overweight tendency and micronutrient deficiencies. Nutrition Research and Practice [Internet]. 2015;9(5):547–53. Tersedia pada: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4575969/
  38. Prijono M, Andarwulan N, Palupi NS. Perbedaan Konsumsi Pangan dan Asupan Gizi pada Balita Stunting dan Normal di Lima Provinsi di Indonesia. Jurnal Mutu Pangan : Indonesian Journal of Food Quality [Internet]. 2020;7(2):73–9. Tersedia pada: https://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jmpi/article/view/32009
  39. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Pedoman Gizi Seimbang [Internet]. Indonesia: Direktorat Jenderal Bina Gizi dan Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak; 2014. Tersedia pada: https://pergizi.org/pedoman-gizi-seimbang-2014-terbaru/
  40. Yuristi M, Kusdalinah, Yuliantini E. Intake of Protein and Calcium and Serum Albumin of Stunted Elementary School Children in Bengkulu. In: Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Inter-professional Health Collaboration (ICIHC 2018) [Internet]. Atlantis press; 2019. hal. 224–8. Tersedia pada: https://www.atlantis-press.com/proceedings/icihc-18/55916800
  41. Sharma S, Akhtar F, Singh RK, Mehra S. Dietary intakes, patterns, and determinants of children under 5 years from marginalized communities in Odisha: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health [Internet]. 2020;10(4):315–25. Tersedia pada: https://www.atlantis-press.com/journals/jegh/125940878/view
  42. Wulandary W, Sudiarti T. Nutrition Intake and Stunting of Under-Five Children in Bogor West Java, Indonesia. Food Science and Nutrition [Internet]. 2021;7(3):1–6. Tersedia pada: https://www.heraldopenaccess.us/openaccess/nutrition-intake-and-stunting-of-under-five-children-in-bogor-west-java-indonesia
  43. Anindita P. Hubungan Tingkat Pendidikan Ibu, Pendapatan Keluarga, Kecukupan Protein & Zinc Dengan Stunting (Pendek) pada balita usia 6-35 bulan di Kecamatan Tembalang Kota Semarang. JKM [Internet]. 2012;1(2):617–26. Tersedia pada: https://www.neliti.com/publications/18764/hubungan-tingkat-pendidikan-ibu-pendapatan-keluarga-kecukupan-protein-zinc-denga

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update: 2024-11-04 15:34:11

No citation recorded.