1Faculty of Health Sciences, Dian Nuswantoro University, Indonesia
2Fakulty of Medicine, Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia
3Faculty of Engineering, Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia
BibTex Citation Data :
@article{JKLI15155, author = {Eni Mahawati and Adi Husodo and Indwiani Astuti and Sarto Sarto}, title = {Pengaruh Teknik Aplikasi Pestisida terhadap Derajat Keparahan Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronis (PPOK) pada Petani}, journal = {Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia}, volume = {16}, number = {2}, year = {2017}, keywords = {PPOK; pestisida; petani. (COPD; pesticide; farmer)}, abstract = { Judul: Pengaruh Teknik Aplikasi Pestisida Terhadap Derajat Keparahan Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronis (PPOK) Pada Petani Latar Belakang: Kabupaten Grobogan sebagai sentra utama pertanian di Jawa Tengah yang banyak menggunakan pestisida mengalami peningkatan kasus PPOK sejak tahun 2010, dimana etiologi PPOK berasal dari gene-enviroment interaction dan salah satu penyakit akibat kerja utama terkait paparan zat toksik di tempat kerja. Persentase terbesar (71%) penderita PPOK berdasarkan data rekam medis 2009-2012 di RS PKU Muhammadiyah Gubug Kabupaten Grobogan adalah petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh teknik aplikasi pestisida terhadap derajat keparahan PPOK pada petani. Materi dan Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasus kontrol yang dilakukan di Kabupaten Grobogan dengan 100 petani sebagai responden yang dipilih secara purposive. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, pemeriksaan klinis dan spirometri. Analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi rank spearman dan regresi logistik ordinal. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 23% responden termasuk PPOK Sedang, 17% PPOK sangat berat, 7% PPOK ringan dan 3% PPOK berat. Sebagian besar responden menyatakan lama penyemprotan pestisida lebih dari 5 jam per hari (69%), seminggu lebih dari 1 kali (72%), waktu penyemprotan pada pagi/sore hari (95%). Sebagian besar responden (85%) sering melakukan penyemprotan pestisida tanpa memperhatikan arah angin dan melakukan penyemprotan pestisida melawan arah angin (42%), saat angin kencang (36%) dan menggunakan baju/kain yang sudah terpapar pestisida untuk menyeka keringat (42%). Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan ada hubungan signifikan antata derajat keparahan PPOK dengan lama paparan pestisida per hari ( p value=0,003 ) dan kesesuaian arah penyemprotan pestisida (0,000). Ada pengaruh signifikan lama paparan pestisida per hari ( p value=0,004 ) dan kesesuaian arah penyemprotan pestisida ( p value= 0,000) terhadap derajat keparahan PPOK. Simpulan: Temuan baru dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik aplikasi pestisida yang terbukti berpengaruh terhadap derajat PPOK adalah lama paparan per hari dan kesesuaian arah penyemprotan pestisida. Implikasi hal tersebut terhadap kesehatan masyarakat yaitu diperlukannya sosialisasi prosedur kerja aman petani dalam menggunakan pestisida dengan menyempurnakan teknik aplikasi pestisida secara baik dan benar dalam pencegahan PPOK. Disarankan lama paparan pestisida disarankan tidak melebihi 5 jam per hari dan dihindarkan penyemprotan pestisida melawan arah angin. Abstract Title: Effect of Pesticide Application Technical to The Severity Degree of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) on Farmers Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a disease whose etiology derives from gene-enviroment interaction and has been one of the major occupational diseases associated with exposure to toxic substances in the workplace. Result of analysis of medical record data 2009-2012 in PKU Muhammadiyah Gubug Sub-Province of Grobogan Regency, it is known that the biggest percentage of COPD patients (71%) are farmers. This research aimed to analyze the effect of technical pesticide application on the severity degree of COPD to farmers. Methods : This research is a case-control study which was conducted in Grobogan District with 100 farmers repondents, had been selected by purposive method sampling. Data was collected by interviews, observation, clinical examination and spirometry. Data was analysed by rank spearman correlation and ordinal logistic regression. Result s: The results showed that were 23% respondents in moderate COPD, 17% very severe COPD, 7% mild COPD and 3% severe COPD. Most respondents had spraying time pesticide more than 5 hours daily (69%), more than 1 time weekly (72%), mostly in morning/afternoon (95%). Most of respondents (85%) frequently sprayed pesticides regardless of wind direction, sprayed pesticides against wind direction (42%), sprayed pesticides when high speed winds (36%) and used “pesticide-exposed clothes” to wipe sweat ( 42%). The result of statistical test showed significant correlation of the severity degree of COPD with pesticide exposure daily (p value = 0,003) and suitability of pesticide spraying direction (0,000). There were significant effect of pesticide exposure daily (p value = 0,004) and suitability of pesticide spraying direction (0,000) to the severity degree of COPD. Conclusion : The new findings in this study are the technical application of pesticide that has been shown to affect the severity degree of COPD is the length of exposure daily and the suitability of the pesticides spraying direction. The implications of this to public health is the need for socialization of safe work procedures of farmers in using pesticides by perfecting technical aspects of pesticide applications properly and correctly in the prevention of COPD. It was recommended not to exceed 5 hours daily and avoid spraying pesticides against the wind direction. }, issn = {2502-7085}, pages = {37--45} doi = {10.14710/jkli.16.2.37-45}, url = {https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/jkli/article/view/15155} }
Refworks Citation Data :
Judul: Pengaruh Teknik Aplikasi Pestisida Terhadap Derajat Keparahan Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronis (PPOK) Pada Petani
Latar Belakang: Kabupaten Grobogan sebagai sentra utama pertanian di Jawa Tengah yang banyak menggunakan pestisida mengalami peningkatan kasus PPOK sejak tahun 2010, dimana etiologi PPOK berasal dari gene-enviroment interaction dan salah satu penyakit akibat kerja utama terkait paparan zat toksik di tempat kerja. Persentase terbesar (71%) penderita PPOK berdasarkan data rekam medis 2009-2012 di RS PKU Muhammadiyah Gubug Kabupaten Grobogan adalah petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh teknik aplikasi pestisida terhadap derajat keparahan PPOK pada petani.
Materi dan Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasus kontrol yang dilakukan di Kabupaten Grobogan dengan 100 petani sebagai responden yang dipilih secara purposive. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, pemeriksaan klinis dan spirometri. Analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi rank spearman dan regresi logistik ordinal.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 23% responden termasuk PPOK Sedang, 17% PPOK sangat berat, 7% PPOK ringan dan 3% PPOK berat. Sebagian besar responden menyatakan lama penyemprotan pestisida lebih dari 5 jam per hari (69%), seminggu lebih dari 1 kali (72%), waktu penyemprotan pada pagi/sore hari (95%). Sebagian besar responden (85%) sering melakukan penyemprotan pestisida tanpa memperhatikan arah angin dan melakukan penyemprotan pestisida melawan arah angin (42%), saat angin kencang (36%) dan menggunakan baju/kain yang sudah terpapar pestisida untuk menyeka keringat (42%). Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan ada hubungan signifikan antata derajat keparahan PPOK dengan lama paparan pestisida per hari (p value=0,003) dan kesesuaian arah penyemprotan pestisida (0,000). Ada pengaruh signifikan lama paparan pestisida per hari (p value=0,004) dan kesesuaian arah penyemprotan pestisida (p value=0,000) terhadap derajat keparahan PPOK.
Simpulan: Temuan baru dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik aplikasi pestisida yang terbukti berpengaruh terhadap derajat PPOK adalah lama paparan per hari dan kesesuaian arah penyemprotan pestisida. Implikasi hal tersebut terhadap kesehatan masyarakat yaitu diperlukannya sosialisasi prosedur kerja aman petani dalam menggunakan pestisida dengan menyempurnakan teknik aplikasi pestisida secara baik dan benar dalam pencegahan PPOK. Disarankan lama paparan pestisida disarankan tidak melebihi 5 jam per hari dan dihindarkan penyemprotan pestisida melawan arah angin.
Abstract
Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a disease whose etiology derives from gene-enviroment interaction and has been one of the major occupational diseases associated with exposure to toxic substances in the workplace. Result of analysis of medical record data 2009-2012 in PKU Muhammadiyah Gubug Sub-Province of Grobogan Regency, it is known that the biggest percentage of COPD patients (71%) are farmers. This research aimed to analyze the effect of technical pesticide application on the severity degree of COPD to farmers.
Methods: This research is a case-control study which was conducted in Grobogan District with 100 farmers repondents, had been selected by purposive method sampling. Data was collected by interviews, observation, clinical examination and spirometry. Data was analysed by rank spearman correlation and ordinal logistic regression.
Results: The results showed that were 23% respondents in moderate COPD, 17% very severe COPD, 7% mild COPD and 3% severe COPD. Most respondents had spraying time pesticide more than 5 hours daily (69%), more than 1 time weekly (72%), mostly in morning/afternoon (95%). Most of respondents (85%) frequently sprayed pesticides regardless of wind direction, sprayed pesticides against wind direction (42%), sprayed pesticides when high speed winds (36%) and used “pesticide-exposed clothes” to wipe sweat ( 42%). The result of statistical test showed significant correlation of the severity degree of COPD with pesticide exposure daily (p value = 0,003) and suitability of pesticide spraying direction (0,000). There were significant effect of pesticide exposure daily (p value = 0,004) and suitability of pesticide spraying direction (0,000) to the severity degree of COPD.
Conclusion: The new findings in this study are the technical application of pesticide that has been shown to affect the severity degree of COPD is the length of exposure daily and the suitability of the pesticides spraying direction. The implications of this to public health is the need for socialization of safe work procedures of farmers in using pesticides by perfecting technical aspects of pesticide applications properly and correctly in the prevention of COPD. It was recommended not to exceed 5 hours daily and avoid spraying pesticides against the wind direction.
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