Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Gejala Subjektif Gangguan Pernapasan pada Pekerja Industri Mebel di Distrik Abepura

Abstract

Latar belakang: Gejala subjektif gangguan pernapasan adalah gejala umum adanya gangguan atau masalah pernapasan yang dirasakan oleh penderita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan gejala subjektif gangguan pernapasan pada pekerja industri mebel kayu di Distrik Abepura.

Metode: Desain penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Populasi yang diambil dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pekerja industri mebel yang berada di wilayah Distrik Abepura yaitu sebanyak 58 orang, sedangkan sampel yang digunakan yaitu 51 orang pekerja industri mebel kayu dengan teknik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling. Pengukuran gejala subjektif gangguan pernapasan dan variabel penelitian seperti usia, masa kerja, dan kebiasaan merokok, dan penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square dan analisis multivariat menggunakan regresi binary logistic.

Hasil: Analisis univariat dari 51 pekerja yaitu responden yang tidak merasakan gejala subjektif gangguan pernapasan sebanyak 30 orang (58,8%), usia >40 tahun sebanyak (60,8%), masa kerja lama sebanyak (62,7%), kebiasaan merokok sebanyak (72,5%), dan responden yang tidak menggunakan APD sebanyak (88,2%). Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan ada hubungan antara gejala subjektif gangguan pernapasan dengan usia (p-value = 0,029), masa kerja (p-value = 0,00), dan kebiasaan merokok (p-value = 0,037) sedangkan variabel yang tidak tidak memiliki hubungan dengan gejala subjektif gangguan pernapasan adalah penggunaan APD (p-value = 0,381). Analisis multivariat didapatkan faktor variabel paling dominan adalah masa kerja (p-value = 0,002).

Simpulan: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan usia, masa kerja dan kebiasaan merokok berhubungan dengan gejala gangguan subjektif gangguan pernapasan, sedangkan faktor paling dominan yaitu variabel masa kerja.

ABSTRACT

Title: Factors Associated with Subjective Symptoms of Respiratory Disorders in Furniture Industry Workers in The Abepura District.

Background: Subjective symptoms of respiratory distress are common symptoms of respiratory disorders or problems felt by sufferers. This study aims to determine the factors associated with subjective symptoms of respiratory distress in wood furniture industry workers in the Abepura District.

Methods: The design of this research is quantitative analytic with a cross-sectional study approach. The population taken in this study were all furniture industry workers in the Abepura District area, namely as many as 58 people, while the sample used was 51 wood furniture industry workers using a purposive sampling technique. Measurement of subjective symptoms of respiratory disorders and research variables such as age, years of service, smoking habits, and use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) used a questionnaire. Bivariate data analysis used the chi-square test and multivariate analysis using binary logistic regression.

Result: Univariate analysis of 51 workers, namely respondents who did not feel subjective symptoms of respiratory problems were 30 people (58.8%), aged >40 years (60.8%), long working period (62.7%), habit smoking (72.5%), and respondents who did not use PPE (88.2%). The results of the bivariate analysis showed that there was a relationship between subjective respiratory symptoms and age (p-value = 0.029), years of service (p-value = 0.00), and smoking habits (p-value = 0.037) while the variables that did not have a relationship with subjective symptoms of respiratory distress was the use of PPE (p-value = 0.381). Multivariate analysis found that the most dominant variable factor was years of service (p-value = 0.002).

Conclusion: The results of this study show that age, years of service, and smoking habits are associated with symptoms of subjective respiratory disorders, while the most dominant factor is the variable of years of service.