DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jkli.73437

Analisis Karakteristik Sampah Puntung Rokok dan Penilaian Indeks Cigarette Butt Pollution Index (CBPI) Di Pesisir Kabupaten Malang Selatan, Jawa Timur

1Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia

2Marine Resources and Exploration Management Research Group, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia

3Yayasan Bhakti Alam Sendangbiru, Malang, Indonesia

Open Access Copyright 2025 Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

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Abstract

Latar belakang: Sampah puntung rokok termasuk sampah laut yang menjadi perhatian khusus karena masih rendahnya kesadaran masyarakat untuk membuang di tempat semestinya. Kandungan kimia pada puntung rokok berpotensi mencemari lingkungan yang berdampak pada perkembangan biota, bahkan dapat menyebabkan kematian. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis karakteristik puntung rokok (ukuran, tipe dan merek) serta tingkat polusinya berdasarkan Cigarette Butt Pollution Index (CBPI). Lima pantai wisata di Kabupaten Malang Selatan dipilih sebagai area kajian karena tingginya aktivitas wisata yang berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan sampah puntung rokok di wilayah pesisir.

Metode: Pengambilan sampel puntung rokok dilakukan pada bulan Juli hingga Agustus 2024 di Pantai Balekambang, Kondang Merak, Sendang Biru, Gatra, dan Clungup. Pengambilan sampel puntung rokok menggunakan metode transek garis berukuran 5 x 5 m yang diletakkan sejajar garis pantai di zona supratidal dan intertidal. Variabel dalam penelitian ini yaitu jumlah, kepadatan, dan tingkat pencemaran puntung rokok. Alat yang digunakan berupa roll meter, tali, pasak, plastik zip, timbangan analitik, dan marine debris identifier. Analisis data menggunakan Uji Mann-Whitney untuk membandingkan kepadatan puntung rokok di supratidal dan intertidal, serta Uji Kruskal-Wallis untuk membandingkan kepadatan puntung rokok di kelima pantai.

Hasil: Sebanyak 1,877 sampah puntung rokok ditemukan dan paling banyak di zona supratidal yang didominasi ukuran 2.5–5 cm. Jumlah puntung rokok dalam penelitian ini tidak jauh berbeda dengan penelitian sebelumnya, namun kepadatannya sangat tinggi berkisar antara 0.06 hingga 1.67 item/m2. Puntung rokok didominasi oleh ukuran  2.5–5 cm bertipe utuh, kecuali Pantai Clungup didominasi oleh ukuran 0.5–2.5 cm bertipe rusak. Gudang Garam menjadi merek yang mendominasi di tiap pantai selain Pantai Clungup. Nilai kepadatan tertinggi ditemukan di Pantai Sendang Biru dan nilai terendah ditemukan di Pantai Clungup, nilai ini berbanding lurus dengan tingkat polusi berdasarkan CBPI.

Simpulan: Variasi karakteristik sampah puntung rokok di kelima pantai dipengaruhi adanya perbedaan aktivitas antropogenik dan faktor hidrooseanografi.

 

ABSTRACT

Title: Analysis of Characteristics of Cigarette Butts and Assessment of the Cigarette Butt Pollution Index (CBPI) on the Coast of South Malang Regency, East Java

Background: Cigarette butts are a type of marine debris that require special attention due to the low public awareness of proper disposal. The chemical contents in cigarette butts have the potential to pollute the environment, affecting the development of marine biota and even causing death. This study was conducted to analyze the characteristics of cigarette butts (size, type, and brand) and their pollution level based on the Cigarette Butt Pollution Index (CBPI). Five tourist beaches in South Malang Regency were selected as study sites due to the high tourist activity that contributes to the increase in cigarette butt litter along the coastal area.

Method: Cigarette butt samples were collected from July to August 2024 at Balekambang, Kondang Merak, Sendang Biru, Gatra, and Clungup Beaches. The sampling was conducted using 5 × 5 m line transect method placed parallel to the shoreline in both the supratidal and intertidal zones. Variables in this study included the number, density, and pollution level of cigarette butts. The tools used were a roll meter, rope, stakes, ziplock plastic bags, an analytical scale, and a marine debris identifier. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney Test to compare cigarette butt densities between supratidal and intertidal zones and the Kruskal-Wallis Test to compare densities across the five beaches.

Result: A total of 1,877 cigarette butts were found, mostly in the supratidal zone, dominated by butts sized 2.5–5 cm. The number found is similar to previous studies, but the density was very high (0.06 to 1.67 items/m²). Most butts were intact, except in Clungup where damaged butts sized 0.5–2.5 cm dominated. Gudang Garam was the dominant brand, except in Clungup. The highest density was in Sendang Biru, the lowest in Clungup, matching CBPI values.

Conclusion: Variations were influenced by anthropogenic activity and hydro-oceanographic factors.

Note: This article has supplementary file(s).

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Keywords: Intertidal; Pantai; Supratidal; Wisata; Hidro-oseanografi
Funding: Hibah Penelitian Doktor Lektor Kepala Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Brawijaya tahun 2024 dengan No Kontrak 3714/UN10.F06/KS/2024.

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