Risk Management Implementation in Environmental Sanitation at PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital Surabaya

Abstract

Latar Belakang : Data insiden keselamatan pasien di Rumah Sakit PKU Muhammadiyah Surabaya tahun 2024 menunjukkan tingginya angka insiden, dengan Kejadian Nyaris Cedera (KNC) sebesar 41,18%, sementara Kejadian Tidak Cedera (KTC) dan Kejadian Tidak Diharapkan (KTD) masing-masing menyumbang 29,41%. Data ini memberikan konteks kritis bagi penelitian ini, yang bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penerapan manajemen risiko sanitasi lingkungan melalui tahapan identifikasi risiko, analisis risiko, evaluasi risiko, dan formulasi rekomendasi pengendalian risiko.

Metode : Penelitian ini mengkaji proses penerapan manajemen risiko sanitasi lingkungan, dengan fokus khusus pada tahapan identifikasi, analisis, dan evaluasi risiko, serta keselarasan antara kebijakan tertulis dan praktik di lapangan.
Hasil : Penelitian mengidentifikasi 13 risiko di area non-klinis, dengan 9 risiko tergolong sedang dan 4 tergolong rendah. Di antara risiko sedang, kekhawatiran akan keselamatan kebakaran muncul sebagai yang paling kritis, sementara risiko lainnya memerlukan pemantauan konsisten dan mitigasi terstruktur. Evaluasi mengungkapkan bahwa upaya pengendalian risiko yang ada belum optimal akibat budaya keselamatan yang lemah dan pelatihan berkelanjutan yang tidak memadai. Terdapat kesenjangan yang signifikan antara kebijakan manajemen risiko rumah sakit dan implementasi praktisnya.

Simpulan: Penerapan manajemen risiko sanitasi lingkungan di Rumah Sakit PKU Muhammadiyah Surabaya belum sepenuhnya memenuhi standar yang ditetapkan. Direkomendasikan agar rumah sakit memperkuat sistem pengendalian melalui audit internal berkala, pembaruan SOP di area rawan risiko, serta integrasi hasil evaluasi ke dalam rapat koordinasi lintas unit untuk memastikan mitigasi yang efektif dan berkelanjutan.

ABSTRACT

Background: Patient safety incident data at PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital Surabaya in 2024 revealed a high rate of incidents, with near miss incidents (NMI) accounting for 41.18%, while no harm incidents (NHI) and adverse events (AE) each contributed 29.41%. The data provide the critical context for this study, which aims to evaluate the implementation of environmental sanitation risk management through the stages of risk identification, analysis, evaluation, and the formulation of risk control recommendations.

Method: This study examined the implementation of environmental sanitation risk management, with a specific focus on risk identification, analysis, and evaluation, as well as the congruence between written policies and field practices.

Result: The study identified 13 risks in non-clinical areas, with nine categorized as moderate and four low risks. Fire safety emerged as the most critical among the moderate risks, while other risks required consistent monitoring and structured mitigation. The evaluation revealed that existing risk control efforts were suboptimal due to a weak safety culture and insufficient ongoing training. A significant gap was found between the hospital's risk management policy and its practical implementation.

Conclusion:  The implementation of environmental sanitation risk management at PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital Surabaya has not yet fully met established standards. It is recommended that the hospital enhance its control system through regular internal audits, periodic standard operating procedure updates in risk-prone areas, and the integration of evaluation results into cross-unit coordination meetings to ensure effective and sustainable mitigation.