DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/nmjn.v12i3.46101

The Effect of Music Therapy on Adult Patients’ Heart Rate: A Meta-Analysis

*Kamila Alammar orcid  -  College of Nursing, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
Omar Ghazi Baker orcid  -  College of Nursing, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
Areej Alotaiba orcid  -  College of Nursing, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
Amwar Alkhunaizi orcid  -  College of Nursing, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
Open Access Copyright (c) 2022 Nurse Media Journal of Nursing
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Citation Format:
Abstract

Background: Music can be used as a complementary intervention to bring about a positive effect on the quality of life. It has been widely employed in clinical practice as one of the earliest forms of treatment. Despite the fact that music therapy is widely utilized and practiced in clinical and educational contexts, it has received little attention in formal medical settings. In addition, contradictory findings about the effect of music deserve further investigation.

Purpose: This meta-analysis is conducted to examine the effect of music therapy on heart rates among adult patients.

Methods: The MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycInfo, Cochrane Library, and PubMed databases were used for searching the literature. The literature review was conducted by two independent researchers using the following Medical Subject Headings terms: musicotherapy OR music therapy, AND heart rate OR vital signs AND clinical trials as the topic. Standard mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) values was used to evaluate the effect of music therapy on heart rates.

Results: Out of 194 studies, 12 studies were included with 1,118 patients. According to the results of the meta-analysis, the heart rates in the experimental groups in which music therapy was used with various diagnoses of adult patients were found to be significantly different in comparison with the control group (SMD=-0.450, 95% CI=-8.86 to -0.31, p=0.04).

Conclusion:The results established that using music therapy for adult patients reduced their heart rates. However, the heterogeneity among the studies was high. Therefore, it is recommended that high-quality trials are warranted to confirm the benefits of music therapy interventions among adult patients.

 

Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: Adult; heart rate; music therapy; patients

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Articles
Language : EN
Recent articles
Anatomical Points of Cupping Therapy for Musculoskeletal Pain: A Systematic Review Individual Characteristics, Adherence, and Barriers to Medication Adherence of Hypertensive Patients at the Indonesia - Timor Leste Border “A life without a supervisor is like a seed that never grows”: Students’ Experiences of Undergraduate Nursing Research Supervision Editorial Back Matter Editorial Front Matter More recent articles
Most cited articles
Motivation among Indonesian Nurses in Pursuing Continuing Professional Education and Its Relationship to Their Competencies Caring Science within Islamic Contexts: A Literature Review Predicting Factors of Interpersonal and Situational Influences for Performing Stretching Exercises Based on Pender’s Model Ethical Values in the Nursing Profession as Perceived by Head Nurses and Staff Nurses in Public Hospitals, Banda Aceh, Indonesia: A comparison Study Improving Self-Efficacy and Physical Self-Reliance of Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis through Mindfulness More cited articles
  1. Abe, M., Tabei, K. I., & Satoh, M. (2022). The Assessments of music therapy for dementia based on the Cochrane review. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra, 12(1), 6–13. https://doi.org/10.1159/000521231
  2. Alamer, S. M. (2015). Cultural perspectives of associating music with the giftedness in Saudi Arabia. Canadian Social Science, 11(2), 8-15. https://doi.org/10.3968/5766
  3. American Music Therapy Association. (2006). Music therapy and mental health. http://www.musictherapy.org/assets/1/7/MT_Mental_Health_2006.pdf
  4. Arjmand, H. A., Hohagen, J., Paton, B., & Rickard, N. S. (2017). Emotional responses to music: shifts in frontal brain asymmetry mark periods of musical change. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 2044. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02044
  5. Bickerdike, L., Booth, A., Wilson, P. M., Farley, K., & Wright, K. (2017). Social prescribing: Less rhetoric and more reality. A systematic review of the evidence. BMJ open, 7(4), e013384. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013384
  6. Bradt, J., Dileo, C., Grocke, D., & Magill, L. (2011). Music interventions for improving psychological and physical outcomes in cancer patients. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (8), CD006911. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD006911.pub2
  7. Boutron, I., Page, M. J., Higgins, J. P. T., Altman, D. G., Lundh, A., & Hróbjartsson, A. (2022). Chapter 7: Considering bias and conflicts of interest among the included studies. In: J. P. T. Higgins, J. Thomas, J. Chandler, M. Cumpston, T. Li, M. J. Page, & V. A. Welch (Eds.), Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.3. Cochrane. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119536604.ch7
  8. Cakmak, O., Cimen, S., Tarhan, H., Ekin, R. G., Akarken, I., Ulker, V., Celik, O., Yucel, C., Kisa, E., Ergani, B., Cetin, T., & Kozacioglu, Z. (2017). Listening to music during shock wave lithotripsy decreases anxiety, pain, and dissatisfaction: A randomized controlled study. Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift, 129(19-20), 687–691. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00508-017-1212-0
  9. Chang, H. K., Peng, T. C., Wang, J. H., & Lai, H. L. (2011). Psychophysiological responses to sedative music in patients awaiting cardiac catheterization examination: A randomized controlled trial. The Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 26(5), E11–E18. https://doi.org/10.1097/JCN.0b013e3181fb711b
  10. de Witte, M., Spruit, A., van Hooren, S., Moonen, X., & Stams, G. J. (2020). Effects of music interventions on stress-related outcomes: A systematic review and two meta-analyses. Health Psychology Review, 14(2), 294–324. https://doi.org/10.1080/17437199.2019.1627897
  11. Ding, J., Huang, T., Hu, J., & Yuan, F. (2021). Effectiveness and safety of music therapy for insomnia disorder patients: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine, 100(26), e26399. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000026399
  12. Erkkilä, J., Brabant, O., Hartmann, M., Mavrolampados, A., Ala-Ruona, E., Snape, N., Saarikallio, S., & Gold, C. (2021). Music therapy for depression enhanced with listening homework and slow-paced breathing: a randomized controlled trial. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 613821. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.613821
  13. Fancourt, D., & Finn, S. (‎2019)‎. What is the evidence on the role of the arts in improving health and well-being? A scoping review. World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/329834
  14. Finn, S., & Fancourt, D. (2018). The biological impact of listening to music in clinical and non-clinical settings: A systematic review. Progress in Brain Research, 237, 173–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2018.03.007
  15. Froutan, R., Eghbali, M., Hoseini, S. H., Mazloom, S. R., Yekaninejad, M. S., & Boostani, R. (2020). The effect of music therapy on physiological parameters of patients with traumatic brain injury: A triple-blind randomized controlled clinical trial. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 40, 101216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101216
  16. Geretsegger, M., Mössler, K. A., Bieleninik, Ł., Chen, X. J., Heldal, T. O., & Gold, C. (2017). Music therapy for people with schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like disorders. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 5(5), CD004025. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004025.pub4
  17. Gordan, R., Gwathmey, J. K., & Xie, L. H. (2015). Autonomic and endocrine control of cardiovascular function. World Journal of Cardiology, 7(4), 204–214. https://doi.org/10.4330/wjc.v7.i4.204
  18. Hamidi, N., & Ozturk, E. (2017). The effect of listening to music during percutaneous nephrostomy tube placement on pain, anxiety, and success rate of procedure: a randomized prospective study. Journal of Endourology, 31(5), 457–460. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2016.0843
  19. Higgins, J. P. T. (2003). Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ, 327(7414), 557–560. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.327.7414.557
  20. Higgins, J. P. T., Altman, D. G., Gøtzsche, P. C., Jüni, P., Moher, D., Oxman, A. D., Savović, J., Schulz, K. F., Weeks, L., & Sterne, J. A. (2011). The Cochrane Collaboration’s tool for assessing risk of bias in randomized trials. BMJ, 343, d5928. https://doi: 10.1136/bmj.d5928
  21. Hole, J., Hirsch, M., Ball, E., & Meads, C. (2015). Music as an aid for postoperative recovery in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet (London, England), 386(10004), 1659–1671. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60169-6
  22. Impellizzeri, F., Leonardi, S., Latella, D., Maggio, M. G., Foti Cuzzola, M., Russo, M., Sessa, E., Bramanti, P., De Luca, R., & Calabrò, R. S. (2020). An integrative cognitive rehabilitation using neurologic music therapy in multiple sclerosis: A pilot study. Medicine, 99(4), e18866. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000018866
  23. Lee, C. H., Lee, C. Y., Hsu, M. Y., Lai, C. L., Sung, Y. H., Lin, C. Y., & Lin, L. Y. (2017). Effects of music intervention on state anxiety and physiological indices in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit. Biological Research for Nursing, 19(2), 137–144. https://doi.org/10.1177/1099800416669601
  24. Lee, W. L., Sung, H. C., Liu, S. H., & Chang, S. M. (2017). Meditative music listening to reduce state anxiety in patients during the uptake phase before positron emission tomography (PET) scans. The British Journal of Radiology, 90(1070), 20160466. https://doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20160466
  25. Lee, W. P., Wu, P. Y., Lee, M. Y., Ho, L. H., & Shih, W. M. (2017). Music listening alleviates anxiety and physiological responses in patients receiving spinal anesthesia. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 31, 8–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2016.12.006
  26. Leubner, D., & Hinterberger, T. (2017). Reviewing the effectiveness of music interventions in treating depression. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1109. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01109
  27. Li, D., Yao, Y., Chen, J., & Xiong, G. (2022). The effect of music therapy on the anxiety, depression and sleep quality in intensive care unit patients: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine, 101(8), e28846. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000028846
  28. Liang, J., Tian, X., & Yang, W. (2021). Application of music therapy in general surgical treatment. BioMed Research International, 2021, 6169183. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6169183
  29. Lin, C. L., Hwang, S. L., Jiang, P., & Hsiung, N. H. (2020). Effect of music therapy on pain after orthopedic surgery-A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pain Practice: The Official Journal of World Institute of Pain, 20(4), 422–436. https://doi.org/10.1111/papr.12864
  30. Loomba, R. S., Arora, R., Shah, P. H., Chandrasekar, S., & Molnar, J. (2012). Effects of music on systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate: A meta-analysis. Indian Heart Journal, 64(3), 309–313. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0019-4832(12)60094-7
  31. Lopez-Yufera, E., López-Jornet, P., Toralla, O., & Pons-Fuster López, E. (2020). Non-pharmacological interventions for reducing anxiety in patients with potentially malignant oral disorders. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 9(3), 622. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030622
  32. Lu, G., Jia, R., Liang, D., Yu, J., Wu, Z., & Chen, C. (2021). Effects of music therapy on anxiety: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Psychiatry Research, 304, 114137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114137
  33. Luis, M., Doss, R., Zayed, B., & Yacoub, M. (2019). Effect of live oud music on physiological and psychological parameters in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Global Cardiology Science & Practice, 2019(2), e201917. https://doi.org/10.21542/gcsp.2019.17
  34. Mackintosh, J., Cone, G., Harland, K., & Sriram, K. B. (2018). Music reduces state anxiety scores in patients undergoing pleural procedures: A randomised controlled trial. Internal Medicine Journal, 48(9), 1041–1048. https://doi.org/10.1111/imj.13738
  35. Maldonado-Resto, J. K. (2022). Utilizing music therapy during an exercise program to reduce blood pressure and depressive symptoms in adult patients with cardiovascular diseases. Mathews Journal of Nursing and Health care, 4(1), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.30654/MJNH.10006
  36. Mason, J. W., Ramseth, D. J., Chanter, D. O., Moon, T. E., Goodman, D. B., & Mendzelevski, B. (2007). Electrocardiographic reference ranges derived from 79,743 ambulatory subjects. Journal of Electrocardiology, 40(3), 228–234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2006.09.003
  37. McCrary, J. M., & Altenmüller, E. (2021). Mechanisms of music impact: Autonomic tone and the physical activity roadmap to advancing understanding and evidence-based policy. Frontiers in psychology, 12, 727231. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.727231
  38. Mir, I. A., Chowdhury, M., Islam, R. M., Ling, G. Y., Chowdhury, A. A. B. M., Hasan, Z. M., & Higashi, Y. (2021). Relaxing music reduces blood pressure and heart rate among pre-hypertensive young adults: A randomized control trial. Journal of Clinical Hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.), 23(2), 317–322. https://doi.org/10.1111/jch.14126
  39. Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & PRISMA Group (2009). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement. PLoS Medicine, 6(7), e1000097. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097
  40. Mojtabavi, H., Saghazadeh, A., Valenti, V. E., & Rezaei, N. (2020). Can music influence cardiac autonomic system? A systematic review and narrative synthesis to evaluate its impact on heart rate variability. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 39, 101162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101162
  41. Pickard, B. (2022). Anti-oppressive pedagogy as an opportunity for consciousness raising in the music therapy profession: A critical disability studies perspective. British Journal of Music Therapy, 36(1), 5–15. https://doi.org/10.1177/13594575221078582
  42. Ramalingam, G. D., Sridevi, G., Amirtham, J. P., Santhakumar, P., & Saravanakumar, S. (2021). Music and music therapy is a medicine for stress. In U. Bacha (Ed.), Mortality rates in middle and low-income countries. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.100489
  43. Schaal, N. K., Brückner, J., Wolf, O. T., Ruckhäberle, E., Fehm, T., & Hepp, P. (2021). The effects of a music intervention during port catheter placement on anxiety and stress. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 5807. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-85139-z
  44. Sidik, R., Kamaruzaman, A. F. , & Abdullah, M. J. (2021). Music therapy in medicine of Islamic civilisation. In A. Agrawal, R. Sutar, & A. Jallapally (Eds.), Music in Health and Diseases. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98707
  45. Sorkpor, S. K., Johnson, C. M., Santa Maria, D. M., Miao, H., Moore, C., & Ahn, H. (2021). The effect of music listening on pain in adults undergoing colonoscopy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing: Official Journal of the American Society of PeriAnesthesia Nurses, 36(5), 573–580.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jopan.2020.12.012
  46. Suhartini, S. (2011). Music and music intervention for therapeutic purposes in patients with ventilator support; gamelan music perspective. Nurse Media Journal of Nursing, 1(1), 129-146. https://doi.org/10.14710/nmjn.v1i1.752
  47. Taylor D. B. (1981). Music in general hospital treatment from 1900 to 1950. Journal of Music Therapy, 18(2), 62–73. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmt/18.2.62
  48. Tolunay, T., Bicici, V., Tolunay, H., Akkurt, M. O., Arslan, A. K., Aydogdu, A., & Bingol, I. (2018). Rhythm and orthopedics: The effect of music therapy in cast room procedures, a prospective clinical trial. Injury, 49(3), 593–598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2018.02.008
  49. Uggla, L., Bonde, L. O., Svahn, B. M., Remberger, M., Wrangsjö, B., & Gustafsson, B. (2016). Music therapy can lower the heart rates of severely sick children. Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992), 105(10), 1225–1230. https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.13452
  50. Vaseghi, M., & Shivkumar, K. (2008). The role of the autonomic nervous system in sudden cardiac death. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, 50(6), 404–419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2008.01.003
  51. Viswanathan, M., Ansari, M. T., Berkman, N. D., Chang, S., Hartling, L., McPheeters, M., & Treadwell, J. R. (2012). Assessing the risk of bias of individual studies in systematic reviews of health care interventions. In: Methods guide for effectiveness and comparative effectiveness reviews. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK91433/
  52. Wazzan, M., Estaitia, M., Habrawi, S., Mansour, D., Jalal, Z., Ahmed, H., Hasan, H. A., & Al Kawas, S. (2022). The effect of music therapy in reducing dental anxiety and lowering physiological stressors. Acta Bio-Medica: Atenei Parmensis, 92(6), e2021393. https://doi.org/10.23750/abm.v92i6.11668
  53. Wu, P. Y., Huang, M. L., Lee, W. P., Wang, C., & Shih, W. M. (2017). Effects of music listening on anxiety and physiological responses in patients undergoing awake craniotomy. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 32, 56–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2017.03.007

Last update:

  1. The Theory and Practice of Group Therapy [Working Title]

    Songül Mollaoğlu, Mukadder Mollaoğlu. 2023. doi: 10.5772/intechopen.113900

  2. The Theory and Practice of Group Therapy

    Songül Mollaoğlu, Mukadder Mollaoğlu. 2024. doi: 10.5772/intechopen.113900

Last update: 2024-04-19 13:49:06

No citation recorded.