Nurses’ Knowledge on the Prevention of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) among Critically Ill Patients

Maha Sanat Alreshidi; Fareda Ali AlRashidi; Cyruz P. Tuppal; Nojoud Al Rashidi; Denise Angelo M. Prudencio; Rico William A. Villagracia; Hazel N. Villagracia

doi:10.14710/nmjn.v14i1.50955

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/nmjn.v14i1.50955

Nurses’ Knowledge on the Prevention of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) among Critically Ill Patients

Maha Sanat Alreshidi

- Nursing Administration Department; College of Nursing, University of Ha’il, Saudi Arabia

Fareda Ali AlRashidi - King Salman Specialist Hospital, Saudi Arabia

*Cyruz P. Tuppal

- College of Nursing, MAPUA Malayan Colleges Laguna Philippines, Philippines

Nojoud Al Rashidi - Maternal and Child Health Department, College of Nursing, University of Hail, Saudi Arabia

Denise Angelo M. Prudencio - Department of Nursing, Kaiser Permanente, Sacramento Medical Center, United States

Rico William A. Villagracia - Medical Surgical Nursing Department, College of Nursing, University of Ha’il, Saudi Arabia

Hazel N. Villagracia

- University of Ha’il, Saudi Arabia

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

BibTex Citation Data :

@article{NMJN50955,
    author = {Maha Sanat Alreshidi and Fareda Ali AlRashidi and Cyruz Tuppal and Nojoud Al Rashidi and Denise Angelo Prudencio and Rico William Villagracia and Hazel Villagracia},
    title = {Nurses’ Knowledge on the Prevention of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) among Critically Ill Patients},
    journal = {Nurse Media Journal of Nursing},
  volume = {14},
    number = {1},
    year = {2024},
    keywords = {nurses, knowledge, prevention of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP), Ventilator Bundle Checklist, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia},
    abstract = {  Background:  Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a significant concern in healthcare settings, particularly among critically ill patients who require mechanical ventilation. Nurses play a vital role in preventing VAP through their knowledge and implementation of evidence-based practices. However, there exists a notable gap in the research regarding nurses’ knowledge of preventing VAP to improve patient outcomes and reduce healthcare costs.   Purpose:  This study aimed to assess nurses’ knowledge of preventing VAP among critically ill patients using the ventilator bundle checklist.   Methods:  This study used a one-group pretest-posttest design to test the change in the nurses’ knowledge scores on VAP working in two government hospitals in Buraidah, Al Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia. The study covered 250 purposively and conveniently sampled nurses from intensive care units. Data collection was performed in three phases: pre-test, VAP educational program, and post-test. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires on nurses’ socio-demographics, a 20-item self-made survey about the knowledge of VAP and its prevention and the adapted ventilator bundle checklist. The collected data were entered, prepared, and analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. Relevant ethical issues were strictly considered.   Results:  The results showed that during the pre-test, correct responses were accounted for but showed low scores in the following areas: general knowledge of VAP (27.6%), factors associated with VAP (36%), international guidelines for prevention (20.8%), and nurses’ roles in prevention (16.4%). However, in the post-test, there was a remarkable increase in the knowledge scores in the same categories (95.2%) on general knowledge, on factors associated with VAP (74.8%), on international guidelines (73.6%) and on nurses’ roles in prevention (61.6%). The program significantly improved overall VAP knowledge and knowledge in specific areas like general VAP, associated factors, international guidelines, and nurses’ roles in prevention (p<0.000).   Conclusion:  A pre-test revealed low baseline knowledge across all four areas assessed: general VAP knowledge, factors associated with VAP, international VAP prevention guidelines, and nurses’ roles in VAP prevention. However, post-test scores markedly increased in all areas, indicating the educational program’s effectiveness. Hence, the findings suggest that educational intervention focused on VAP screening and bundle protocols could be beneficial to address the gap in knowledge on VAP. },
   issn = {2406-8799},   pages = {65--73}  doi = {10.14710/nmjn.v14i1.50955},
    url = {https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/medianers/article/view/50955}
}

Citation Format:

Abstract

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a significant concern in healthcare settings, particularly among critically ill patients who require mechanical ventilation. Nurses play a vital role in preventing VAP through their knowledge and implementation of evidence-based practices. However, there exists a notable gap in the research regarding nurses’ knowledge of preventing VAP to improve patient outcomes and reduce healthcare costs.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess nurses’ knowledge of preventing VAP among critically ill patients using the ventilator bundle checklist.

Methods: This study used a one-group pretest-posttest design to test the change in the nurses’ knowledge scores on VAP working in two government hospitals in Buraidah, Al Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia. The study covered 250 purposively and conveniently sampled nurses from intensive care units. Data collection was performed in three phases: pre-test, VAP educational program, and post-test. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires on nurses’ socio-demographics, a 20-item self-made survey about the knowledge of VAP and its prevention and the adapted ventilator bundle checklist. The collected data were entered, prepared, and analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. Relevant ethical issues were strictly considered.

Results: The results showed that during the pre-test, correct responses were accounted for but showed low scores in the following areas: general knowledge of VAP (27.6%), factors associated with VAP (36%), international guidelines for prevention (20.8%), and nurses’ roles in prevention (16.4%). However, in the post-test, there was a remarkable increase in the knowledge scores in the same categories (95.2%) on general knowledge, on factors associated with VAP (74.8%), on international guidelines (73.6%) and on nurses’ roles in prevention (61.6%). The program significantly improved overall VAP knowledge and knowledge in specific areas like general VAP, associated factors, international guidelines, and nurses’ roles in prevention (p<0.000).

Conclusion: A pre-test revealed low baseline knowledge across all four areas assessed: general VAP knowledge, factors associated with VAP, international VAP prevention guidelines, and nurses’ roles in VAP prevention. However, post-test scores markedly increased in all areas, indicating the educational program’s effectiveness. Hence, the findings suggest that educational intervention focused on VAP screening and bundle protocols could be beneficial to address the gap in knowledge on VAP.

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Keywords: nurses, knowledge, prevention of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP), Ventilator Bundle Checklist, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

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In Vol 14, No 1 (2024): (April 2024)

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Nurses’ Knowledge on the Prevention of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) among Critically Ill Patients

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