DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/nmjn.v14i1.56812

Development of a Holistic Nursing Model Based on Transcultural Nursing to Improve the Quality of Life of Patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus

Ni Wayan Suniyadewi orcid scopus  -  Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
*Yuni Sufyanti Arief  -  Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
Ninuk Dian Kurniawati  -  Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
I Dewa Ayu Rismayanti  -  Nursing Program, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan (STIKES) Buleleng Bali, Indonesia
Ni Wayan Trisnadewi  -  Nursing Program, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan (STIKES) Wira Medika Bali, Indonesia
Iswatun Iswatun  -  Nursing Department, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
Open Access Copyright (c) 2024 by the Authors, Published by Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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Abstract

Background: The management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) primarily emphasizes physical care, yet the quality of life (QoL) remains suboptimal. The management of diabetes often neglects psychological, socio-cultural, and spiritual aspects, which are essential components of transcultural nursing. Developing a holistic nursing model rooted in transcultural nursing, which has never been broadly investigated, is imperative to enhance QoL in individuals with T2DM.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a nursing model based on transcultural nursing to enhance the QoL of individuals with T2DM.

Methods: This study employed a quantitative research design with a cross-sectional approach. A sample of 145 individuals with T2DM was recruited using a simple random sampling technique. A self-developed questionnaire was used, incorporating factors from Dossey’s holistic nursing model, Leininger’s transcultural nursing model, and a QoL questionnaire. Inferential statistics using smart PLS-structural equation modeling (SEM) were employed for data analysis.

Results: The findings revealed that the holistic nursing model based on transcultural nursing in individuals with T2DM was influenced directly by respondent characteristics (t=3.313, p=0.001), religious and life philosophy (t=2.836, p=0.005), social and kinship (t=2.579, p=0.010), cultural and lifestyle (t=2.833, p=0.005), biological (t=2.718, p=0.007), and psychological (t=2.497, p=0.013) factors. However, the technological factor was not significantly (t=0.802, p=0.423) associated with the model. The holistic nursing model based on transcultural nursing had a direct influence on the quality of life (t=9.124 and p=0.000).

Conclusion: The holistic nursing model based on transcultural nursing encompasses six variables: respondent characteristics, religious and life philosophy, social and kinship, cultural and lifestyle, and biological and psychological factors. The model can serve as a guideline for managing type 2 DM patients to enhance the QoL.
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Keywords: Development; holistic nursing; transcultural nursing; T2DM; quality of life

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