Sintesis dan Karakteristik Aluminium Sulfat dari Limbah Foil Blister Obat

Abstract

Limbah foil blister obat merupakan salah satu bahan yang umumnya hanya menjadi sampah bagi masyarakat, padahal limbah aluminium jika berada bebas di lingkungan membutuhkan waktu lebih dari 100 tahun agar dapat terurai. Pemanfaatan kandungan aluminium dalam limbah blister obat menjadi aluminium sulfat merupakan salah satu alternatif dalam pengelolaan sampah anorganik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi pelarut KOH optimal pada sintesis aluminium sulfat dari limbah foil blister obat berdasarkan karakteristik yang dihasilkan. Karakterisasi bahan baku limbah foil blister obat dilakukan dengan menggunakan instrumentasi Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) dan menghasilkan kadar Al sebesar 56,67%. Sintesis aluminium sulfat dilakukan melalui proses preparasi bahan baku, proses pelarutan dengan larutan KOH, proses ekstraksi menggunakan H2SO4, proses kristalisasi dan pengeringan. Pada penelitian ini digunakan konsentrasi larutan KOH 20%, 30%, 40% dan larutan H2SO4 6M. Hasil sintesis aluminium sulfat dikarakterisasi menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX). Hasil analisa data menunjukan bahwa aluminium sulfat terbaik diperoleh pada konsentrasi KOH 20% dengan nilai parameter pH, bagian tidak larut dalam air, Fe, Pb dan As telah memenuhi syarat mutu berdasarkan SNI 0032:2011 tentang Aluminium Sulfat. Sedangkan untuk parameter kadar Al2O3 didapatkan hasil sebesar 15,65% dan belum mencapai nilai yang dipersyaratkan yaitu sebesar 17%.

Medicine blister foil waste is a material that often becomes waste for the community, therewere aluminium waste if it is free in the environment takes more than 100 years to decompose. Utilization of aluminium content in drug blister waste into aluminium sulfate is one alternative in inorganic waste management. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal concentration of KOH solvent in the manufacture of aluminium sulfate from pharmaceutical blister foil waste based on the characteristics produced. Characterization of raw materials was carried out using AAS instrumentation and produced an Al content of 56,57%. Aluminium sulfate synthesis was carried out through the process of raw material preparation, dissolution process with KOH solution, extraction process using H₂SO₄, crystallization and drying. In this study, KOH solution concentrations of 20%, 30%,, 40% and 6M H₂SO₄ solution. The results of aluminium sulfate were characterized using SEM-EDX. The results of data analysis showed that the best aluminium sulfate coagulant was obtained at a KOH consentration of 20% with pH parameter values, insoluble parts in water, Fe, Pb and As having met the quality requirements based on SNI 0032:2011 about Aluminium Sulfate. Meanwhile, for the Al₂O₃ content parameter, the results obtained were 15,65%, which has not reached the required value of 17%. The study results indicate that medicine blister foil waste has significant potential as a source of aluminium sulfate, which can serve as an alternative in water treatment.