Hidrograf Satuan Sintetis Cara ITB dengan Faktor Debit Puncak (Kp) Berharga Eksak dan Numerik serta Durasi Hujan Satuan (Tr) yang Dinormalkan

Abstract

The Synthetic Unit Hydrograph (SUH) method is a very important method in water resource planning and flood discharge analysis in river basins This method is very useful, especially for flood simulations in river basins that experience changes in land use. However, The HSS method generally has shortcomings, including difficulties in explaining the origin of peak discharge formulas and inaccuracies in comparing hydrograph volumes with effective rainfall. Additionally, there are challenges in adapting the method for different rainfall durations, and only a few methods can be calibrated. To overcome these challenges, the ITB SUH method has been developed with several innovative features. This method follows the mass conservation principle and simplifies the process of deriving peak discharge formulas, making it an effective educational tool. The ITB method combines exact and numerical approaches in calculating the Peak Discharge Factor (Kp), improving the accuracy of peak discharge estimation, which is very important in flood management. This method also introduces the Normalized Unit Rainfall Duration (Tn), a dimensionless factor that provides flexibility in adjusting the hydrograph duration, making it easier to convert to shorter durations. In addition, the ITB method includes a calibration mechanism that allows users to adjust the hydrograph with measurement values. The ITB SUH method's innovative features have been successfully demonstrated in various cases, yielding highly positive outcomes.